F2RL1

	Coagulation factor II (thrombin) receptor-like 1
	Identifiers
Symbol(s)	F2RL1; GPR11; PAR2
External IDs	OMIM: 600933 MGI: 101910 Homologene: 21087
Gene ontology
Molecular Function:	• rhodopsin-like receptor activity; • receptor activity; • receptor binding; • thrombin receptor activity;
Cellular Component:	• Golgi apparatus; • plasma membrane; • integral to plasma membrane;
Biological Process:	• signal transduction; • G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway; • elevation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration; • blood coagulation;
	RNA expression pattern
	More reference expression data
	Orthologs

Coagulation factor II (thrombin) receptor-like 1, also known as F2RL1 or protease activated receptor 2 (PAR2), is a human gene.

Coagulation factor II (thrombin) receptor-like 1 (F2RL1) is a member of the large family of 7-transmembrane receptors that couple to guanosine-nucleotide-binding proteins. F2RL1 is also a member of the protease-activated receptor family. It is activated by trypsin, but not by thrombin. It is activated by proteolytic cleavage of its extracellular amino terminus. The new amino terminus functions as a tethered ligand and activates the receptor. The F2RL1 gene contains two exons and is widely expressed in human tissues. The predicted protein sequence is 83% identical to the mouse receptor sequence.^[1]

References

↑ Entrez Gene: F2RL1 coagulation factor II (thrombin) receptor-like 1.

Kunzelmann K, Schreiber R, König J, Mall M (2003). "Ion transport induced by proteinase-activated receptors (PAR2) in colon and airways.". Cell Biochem. Biophys. 36 (2-3): 209-14. PMID 12139406.
Kawabata A (2004). "PAR-2: structure, function and relevance to human diseases of the gastric mucosa.". Expert reviews in molecular medicine 4 (16): 1-17. doi:doi:10.1017/S1462399402004799. PMID 14585156.
Bushell T (2007). "The emergence of proteinase-activated receptor-2 as a novel target for the treatment of inflammation-related CNS disorders.". J. Physiol. (Lond.) 581 (Pt 1): 7-16. doi:10.1113/jphysiol.2007.129577. PMID 17347265.
Nystedt S, Emilsson K, Larsson AK, et al. (1995). "Molecular cloning and functional expression of the gene encoding the human proteinase-activated receptor 2.". Eur. J. Biochem. 232 (1): 84-9. PMID 7556175.
Santulli RJ, Derian CK, Darrow AL, et al. (1995). "Evidence for the presence of a protease-activated receptor distinct from the thrombin receptor in human keratinocytes.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 92 (20): 9151-5. PMID 7568091.
Nystedt S, Emilsson K, Wahlestedt C, Sundelin J (1994). "Molecular cloning of a potential proteinase activated receptor.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 91 (20): 9208-12. PMID 7937743.
Mirza H, Yatsula V, Bahou WF (1996). "The proteinase activated receptor-2 (PAR-2) mediates mitogenic responses in human vascular endothelial cells.". J. Clin. Invest. 97 (7): 1705-14. PMID 8601636.
Bohm SK, Kong W, Bromme D, et al. (1996). "Molecular cloning, expression and potential functions of the human proteinase-activated receptor-2.". Biochem. J. 314 ( Pt 3): 1009-16. PMID 8615752.
Böhm SK, Khitin LM, Grady EF, et al. (1996). "Mechanisms of desensitization and resensitization of proteinase-activated receptor-2.". J. Biol. Chem. 271 (36): 22003-16. PMID 8703006.
Kahn M, Ishii K, Kuo WL, et al. (1996). "Conserved structure and adjacent location of the thrombin receptor and protease-activated receptor 2 genes define a protease-activated receptor gene cluster.". Mol. Med. 2 (3): 349-57. PMID 8784787.
Molino M, Barnathan ES, Numerof R, et al. (1997). "Interactions of mast cell tryptase with thrombin receptors and PAR-2.". J. Biol. Chem. 272 (7): 4043-9. PMID 9020112.
Howells GL, Macey MG, Chinni C, et al. (1997). "Proteinase-activated receptor-2: expression by human neutrophils.". J. Cell. Sci. 110 ( Pt 7): 881-7. PMID 9133675.
D'Andrea MR, Derian CK, Leturcq D, et al. (1998). "Characterization of protease-activated receptor-2 immunoreactivity in normal human tissues.". J. Histochem. Cytochem. 46 (2): 157-64. PMID 9446822.
Guyonnet Dupérat V, Jacquelin B, Boisseau P, et al. (1998). "Protease-activated receptor genes are clustered on 5q13.". Blood 92 (1): 25-31. PMID 9639495.
Steinhoff M, Corvera CU, Thoma MS, et al. (1999). "Proteinase-activated receptor-2 in human skin: tissue distribution and activation of keratinocytes by mast cell tryptase.". Exp. Dermatol. 8 (4): 282-94. PMID 10439226.
Takeuchi T, Harris JL, Huang W, et al. (2000). "Cellular localization of membrane-type serine protease 1 and identification of protease-activated receptor-2 and single-chain urokinase-type plasminogen activator as substrates.". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (34): 26333-42. doi:10.1074/jbc.M002941200. PMID 10831593.
Loew D, Perrault C, Morales M, et al. (2000). "Proteolysis of the exodomain of recombinant protease-activated receptors: prediction of receptor activation or inactivation by MALDI mass spectrometry.". Biochemistry 39 (35): 10812-22. PMID 10978167.
Knight DA, Lim S, Scaffidi AK, et al. (2001). "Protease-activated receptors in human airways: upregulation of PAR-2 in respiratory epithelium from patients with asthma.". J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 108 (5): 797-803. doi:10.1067/mai.2001.119025. PMID 11692107.
Miike S, McWilliam AS, Kita H (2002). "Trypsin induces activation and inflammatory mediator release from human eosinophils through protease-activated receptor-2.". J. Immunol. 167 (11): 6615-22. PMID 11714832.
Asokananthan N, Graham PT, Fink J, et al. (2002). "Activation of protease-activated receptor (PAR)-1, PAR-2, and PAR-4 stimulates IL-6, IL-8, and prostaglandin E2 release from human respiratory epithelial cells.". J. Immunol. 168 (7): 3577-85. PMID 11907122.

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain. Template:Membrane-protein-stub

[0] Entrez Gene: F2RL1 coagulation factor II (thrombin) receptor-like 1.

[1]

v • d • e Transmembrane receptor: G protein-coupled receptors
Class A: Rhodopsin like	Acetylcholine (M1, M2, M3, M4, M5) - Adrenergic (α1 (A, B, D), α2 (A, B, C), β1, β2, β3) - Adrenomedullin - Anaphylatoxin (C3a, C5a) - Angiotensin (1, 2) - Apelin - Bile acid - Bombesin (BRS3, GRPR, NMBR) - Bradykinin (B1, B2) - Cannabinoid (CB1, CB2) - Chemokine - Cholecystokinin (A, B) - Dopamine (D1, D2, D3, D4, D5) - Eicosanoid (CysLT (1, 2), LTB4 (1, 2), FPRL1, OXE, Prostaglandin ((DP (1, 2), EP (1, 2, 3, 4), PGF, Prostacyclin, Thromboxane) - EBI2 - Endothelin (A, B) - Estrogen - Formyl peptide (1, L1, L2) - Free fatty acid (1, 2, 3, 4) - FSH - Galanin (1, 2, 3) - Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (1, 2) - GPR (1, 3, 4, 6, 12, 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 25, 26, 27, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 37, 39, 42, 44, 45, 50, 52, 55, 61, 62, 63, 65, 68, 75, 77, 78, 79, 82, 83, 84, 85, 87, 88, 92, 101, 103, 119, 120, 132, 135, 139, 141, 142, 146, 148, 149, 150, 151, 152, 153, 160, 161, 162, 171, 172, 173, 174, 176, 182) - Ghrelin - Histamine (H1, H2, H3, H4) - Kisspeptin - Luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin - Lysophospholipid (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) - MAS (1, 1L, D, E, F, G, X1, X2, X3, X4) - Melanocortin (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) - MCHR (1, 2) - Melatonin (1A, 1B)- Motilin - Neuromedin (B, U (1, 2)) - Neuropeptide (B/W (1, 2), FF (1, 2), S, Y (1, 2, 4, 5)) - Neurotensin (1, 2) - Opioid (Delta, Kappa, Mu, Nociceptin, but not Sigma) - Olfactory - Opsin (3, 4, 5, 1LW, 1MW, 1SW, RGR, RRH) - Orexin (1, 2) - Oxytocin - Oxoglutarate - PAF - Prokineticin (1, 2) - Prolactin-releasing peptide - Protease-activated (1, 2, 3, 4) - Purinergics (Adenosine (A1, A2a, A2b, A3), P2Y, (1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14)) - Relaxin (1, 2, 3, 4) - Somatostatin (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) - Serotonin, all but 5-HT3 (5-HT1 (A, B, D, E, F), 5-HT2 (A, B, C), 5-HT (4, 5A, 6, 7)) - SREB - Succinate - TAAR (1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 8, 9) - Tachykinin (1, 2, 3) - Thyrotropin - Thyrotropin-releasing hormone - Urotensin-II - Vasopressin (1A, 1B, 2)
Class B: Secretin like	Brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor (1, 2, 3) - Cadherin (1, 2, 3) - Calcitonin - CD97 - Corticotropin-releasing hormone (1, 2) - EMR (1, 2, 3) - Glucagon (GR, GIPR, GLP1R, GLP2R) - Growth hormone releasing hormone - PACAPR1- GPR (56, 64, 97, 98, 110, 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 123, 124, 125, 126, 128, 133, 143, 144, 157) - Latrophilin (1, 2, 3, ELTD1) - Parathyroid hormone (1, 2) - Secretin - Vasoactive intestinal peptide (1, 2)
Class C: Metabotropic glutamate / pheromone	Calcium-sensing receptor - GABA B (1, 2) - Glutamate receptor (Metabotropic glutamate (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8)) - GPRC6A - GPR (156, 158, 179) - RAIG (1, 2, 3, 4) - Taste receptors (TAS1R (1, 2, 3) TAS2R (1, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13, 14, 16, 38, 39, 40, 41, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50))
Frizzled / Smoothened	Frizzled (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10) - Smoothened

F2RL1

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