Liver X receptor beta

Nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group H, member 2
250px
PDB rendering based on 1p8d.
Available structures: 1p8d, 1pq6, 1pq9, 1pqc, 1upv, 1upw
Identifiers
Symbol(s)	NR1H2; UNR; LXR-b; LXRB; NER; NER-I; RIP15
External IDs	OMIM: 600380 MGI: 1352463 Homologene: 21397
Gene ontology Molecular Function: • transcription factor activity • steroid hormone receptor activity • protein binding • zinc ion binding • sequence-specific DNA binding • metal ion binding Cellular Component: • nucleus • cytoplasm Biological Process: • transcription • regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent • negative regulation of transcription
RNA expression pattern
250px More reference expression data
Orthologs
	Human	Mouse
Entrez	7376	22260
Ensembl	ENSG00000131408	ENSMUSG00000060601
Uniprot	P55055	Q8BP65
Refseq	NM_007121 (mRNA) NP_009052 (protein)	XM_001002072 (mRNA) XP_001002072 (protein)
Location	Chr 19: 55.57 - 55.58 Mb	Chr 7: 44.42 - 44.42 Mb
Pubmed search	[1]	[2]

Liver X receptor beta (LXR-β) is a member of the nuclear receptor family of transcription factors. LXR-β is encoded by the NR1H2 gene (nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group H, member 2).

The LX receptors (LXRs) were originally identified as orphan members of the nuclear receptor superfamily because their ligands were unknown. Like other receptors in the family, LXRs heterodimerize with retinoid X receptor (see MIM 180245) and bind to specific response elements (LXREs) characterized by direct repeats separated by 4 nucleotides. Two genes, alpha (LXRA, MIM 602423) and beta, are known to encode LXR proteins (Song et al., 1995).[supplied by OMIM]

Further reading

• Song C, Hiipakka RA, Kokontis JM, Liao S (1995). "Ubiquitous receptor: structures, immunocytochemical localization, and modulation of gene activation by receptors for retinoic acids and thyroid hormones.". Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 761: 38-49. PMID 7625741.
• Seol W, Choi HS, Moore DD (1995). "Isolation of proteins that interact specifically with the retinoid X receptor: two novel orphan receptors.". Mol. Endocrinol. 9 (1): 72-85. PMID 7760852.
• Le Beau MM, Song C, Davis EM, et al. (1995). "Assignment of the human ubiquitous receptor gene (UNR) to 19q13.3 using fluorescence in situ hybridization.". Genomics 26 (1): 166-8. PMID 7782080.
• Shinar DM, Endo N, Rutledge SJ, et al. (1994). "NER, a new member of the gene family encoding the human steroid hormone nuclear receptor.". Gene 147 (2): 273-6. PMID 7926814.
• Song C, Kokontis JM, Hiipakka RA, Liao S (1994). "Ubiquitous receptor: a receptor that modulates gene activation by retinoic acid and thyroid hormone receptors.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 91 (23): 10809-13. PMID 7971966.
• Janowski BA, Grogan MJ, Jones SA, et al. (1999). "Structural requirements of ligands for the oxysterol liver X receptors LXRalpha and LXRbeta.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 96 (1): 266-71. PMID 9874807.
• Feltkamp D, Wiebel FF, Alberti S, Gustafsson JA (1999). "Identification of a novel DNA binding site for nuclear orphan receptor OR1.". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (15): 10421-9. PMID 10187832.
• Lee SK, Jung SY, Kim YS, et al. (2001). "Two distinct nuclear receptor-interaction domains and CREB-binding protein-dependent transactivation function of activating signal cointegrator-2.". Mol. Endocrinol. 15 (2): 241-54. PMID 11158331.
• Whitney KD, Watson MA, Goodwin B, et al. (2001). "Liver X receptor (LXR) regulation of the LXRalpha gene in human macrophages.". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (47): 43509-15. doi:10.1074/jbc.M106155200. PMID 11546778.
• Whitney KD, Watson MA, Collins JL, et al. (2003). "Regulation of cholesterol homeostasis by the liver X receptors in the central nervous system.". Mol. Endocrinol. 16 (6): 1378-85. PMID 12040022.
• Brendel C, Schoonjans K, Botrugno OA, et al. (2003). "The small heterodimer partner interacts with the liver X receptor alpha and represses its transcriptional activity.". Mol. Endocrinol. 16 (9): 2065-76. PMID 12198243.
• Mo J, Fang SJ, Chen W, Blobe GC (2003). "Regulation of ALK-1 signaling by the nuclear receptor LXRbeta.". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (52): 50788-94. doi:10.1074/jbc.M210376200. PMID 12393874.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899-903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMID 12477932.
• Williams S, Bledsoe RK, Collins JL, et al. (2003). "X-ray crystal structure of the liver X receptor beta ligand binding domain: regulation by a histidine-tryptophan switch.". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (29): 27138-43. doi:10.1074/jbc.M302260200. PMID 12736258.
• Färnegårdh M, Bonn T, Sun S, et al. (2003). "The three-dimensional structure of the liver X receptor beta reveals a flexible ligand-binding pocket that can accommodate fundamentally different ligands.". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (40): 38821-8. doi:10.1074/jbc.M304842200. PMID 12819202.
• Fukuchi J, Song C, Ko AL, Liao S (2004). "Transcriptional regulation of farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase by liver X receptors.". Steroids 68 (7-8): 685-91. PMID 12957674.
• Hoerer S, Schmid A, Heckel A, et al. (2004). "Crystal structure of the human liver X receptor beta ligand-binding domain in complex with a synthetic agonist.". J. Mol. Biol. 334 (5): 853-61. PMID 14643652.
• Walczak R, Joseph SB, Laffitte BA, et al. (2004). "Transcription of the vascular endothelial growth factor gene in macrophages is regulated by liver X receptors.". J. Biol. Chem. 279 (11): 9905-11. doi:10.1074/jbc.M310587200. PMID 14699103.
• Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40-5. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039.

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.