Abdominal pain causes

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Abdominal pain Microchapters

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Overview

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Diffuse Abdominal Pain
Left Upper Quadrant
Left Flank
Left Lower Quadrant
Epigastric Quadrant
Umbilical Region
Pelvic Region
Right Upper Quadrant
Right Flank
Right Lower Quadrant
Intraperitoneal
Extraperitoneal

Differentiating Abdominal pain from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

The causes of abdominal pain vary with the distribution of the pain. The distribution can be determined by various methods, such as into either abdominal quadrants or nine sections.

Causes

Causes Based upon Location

Diffuse | Left Upper Quadrant | Left Flank | Left Lower Quadrant | Epigastric Region | Umbilical Region | Pelvic Region | Right Upper Quadrant | Right Flank | Right Lower Quadrant

Life Threatening Causes

Life-threatening causes include conditions that may result in death or permanent disability within the next 24 hours if left untreated.

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Common Causes

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular Anaphylaxis, aortic aneurysm, cholesterol emboli syndrome, chronic necrotizing vasculitis
Chemical / poisoning 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane, 1,2-dibromoethane, 1,2-dichloroethane, 1,4-dioxane, 1-propanol, 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, 2,4-dichlorophenol, 2-acetylamino-fluorene, 2-butoxyethanol, 2-hexanone, 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid,

2-nitropropane, 4-aminopyridine, 4-dimethylaminoazobenzene, 8-hydroxyquinoline, Acetaminophen poisoning, Acetic acid, Acetonitrile, Acetylandromedol, Acetylene tetrabromide, Aconitum, Acrinathrin, Acrylamide, Acrylic acid, Acrylonitrile, Acute mercury inhalation, Adiponitrile, Alanycarb, Albitocin, Alcohol, Aldicarb, Aldoxycarb, Alicyclic hydrocarbons, Aliphatic amines, Aliphatic hydrocarbons, Aliphatic hydrogenated hydrocarbons, Allyl alcohol, Allyl chloride, Allylamines, Allyxycarb, Aloe poisoning, Alpha-cypermethrin, Aluminum phosphide, Amanita phalloides, Amanita polypyramis poisoning, Amaranth, Amidithion, Amines, Aminocarb, Amiton, Ammonium bifluoride, Ammonium nitrate, Amygdalin, Amyl acetate, Andromedotoxin, Anthraquinone, Antimony, Arachnidism, Aromatic amines, Aromatic halogenated hydrocarbons, Arsenic poisoning, Arsenic trioxide, Arsine, Asphalt, Athyl-gusathion, Azalea poisoning, Azinfosethyl, Azinfos-methyl, Azinphosmetile, Azothoate, Barium nitrate, Barium, Bendiocarb, Benoxafos, Benzene, Benzoate, Benzyl chloride, Beryllium, Beta-cyfluthrin, Bifenthrin, Bioallethrin, Bioresmethrin, Bipyridyl pesticides, Bismuth, Black locust poisoning, Black nightshade poisoning, Black widow spider bite, Borates, Boron hydrides, Box thorn poisoning, Bromide, Bromophos, Bufencarb, Butacarb, Butocarboxim, Buttercup poisoning, Cadmium, Cadusafos, Calcium hypochlorite, Calcium oxide, Camphor, Caper spruge poisoning, Captan, Carbamate insecticide poisoning, Carbofuran, Carbon disulfide, Carbon monoxide toxicity, Carbon tetrachloride, Carbophenothion, Carbosulfan, Carmine, Caspofungin, Chlorate salts, Chlordane, Chlorfenvinphos, Chlorinated benzenes, Chlorinated naphthalenes, Chlorobenzene, Chlorodiphenyl, Chloroform, Chloropicrin, Chloroprene, Chloropyrifos, Chokecherry seed poisoning, Christmas cherry poisoning, Chromium, Cicutoxin, Ciguatera poisoning, Clitocybe dealbata, Cloethocarb, Coastal leucothoe poisoning, Cobalt, Cobra poisoning, Coffeeweed poisoning, Copper salts, Copper toxicity, Corsican hellebore poisoning, Coumaphos, Cresol, Cyanthoate, Cycad nut poisoning, Cycasin, Cyclochlorotine, Cyfluthrin, Cypermethrin, Cyphenothrin, Cypress spurge poisoning, Daffodil poisoning, Deadly nightshade (solanum dulcamara) poisoning, Deathcamas poisoning, Decarbofuran, Deltamethrin, Demeton, Demeton-methyl, Devil's snuff box poisoning, Dialifos, Dibromochloropropane, Dichlorvos, Dicresyl, Diethylene glycol, fluoride poisoning, grape seed extract, lead poisoning, oleander, parathion, pesticide, pyridine, snakebites, spider bite, tributyl phosphate

Dermatologic Adnexal and skin appendage neoplasms, angioneurotic edema, Behcet's disease, Chiari-Frommel syndrome, chronic necrotizing vasculitis
Drug Side Effect Acetylsalicylic acid, acarbose, acipimox, acyclovir, alosetron, allopurinolaminocaproic acid, amlodipine and benazepril, ambenonium, amodiaquine, amphetamine abuse, amphotericin, anesthetic agent, antiarrhythmics, anticoagulants, antifungals, antihypertensives, antineoplastic agents, antiviral medicationaspirin, ativan withdrawal, atomoxetine, atovaquone, atovaquone-Proguanil, auranofin, azithromycin, aztreonam, basiliximab, benzodiazepine, bethanechol chloride, bezafibrate, bicalutamide, bosutinib, busulfan, butyrophenone, carbarsone, carbarylcaspofungin, cefdinir, cefixime, cefuroxime, cidofovir, cladribine, clidinium, clindamycin, clofibrate, contraceptive patch, dactinomycin, danazol, daptomycin, deferasirox, deferiprone, desmopressin, didanosine, diflunisal, dimercaprol, donepezil, doxorubicin hydrochloride, drotrecogin alfa, dydrogesterone, ecallantide, enoxaparin, entacapone, Elosulfase alfa, erythromycin, ethcathinone, etodolac, etonogestrel, etoposide phosphate, febuxostat, fesoterodine, flucytosine, flurbiprofen, fluvastatin, ganirelix, glyburide and metformin, halofantrine, hydroxychloroquine, idarubicin, imiglucerase, indinavir, interferon beta- 1b, irinotecan hydrochloride, isoniazid, itraconazole, ivacaftor, ivermectin, ketorolac tromethamine, lactulose, lanreotide, lansoprazole, lanthanum carbonate, levonorgestrel, loperamide, lopinavir, loprazolam, loratadine, magnesium citrate, mebendazole, medroxyprogesterone, megestrol, mercaptopurine, mesna, methimazole, methotrexate, methylphenidate, metronidazole, mifepristone, miglitol, misoprostol, moxifloxacin, muscarine, nafcillin, naltrexone, naproxen sodium, naproxen and esomeprazole magnesium, natalizumab, neuromuscular-blocking drugs, niclosamide, nitazoxanide, norethindrone acetate and Ethinyl estradiol, norgestrel and ethinyl estradiol, octreotide injection, omeprazole, olsalazine, orlistat, oxcarbazepine, Pantoprazole, paromomycin sulfate, pasireotide, pazopanib hydrochloride, papaverine, piroxicam, pegaspargase, pentamidine Isethionate, pentavalent antimonial, pentostatin, perindopril, phenazocine, permethrin, pirfenidone, potassium iodide, polyethylene glycol-electrolyte solution (pEG-ES), potassium bicarbonate, potassium citrate, praziquantel, prazosin and polythiazide, primaquine phosphate, procainamide, procarbazine, progesterone, propylthiouracil, protirelin, rabeprazole, rasburicase, rifaximin, ritonavir, roxithromycin, sacrosidase, sargramostim, saquinavir mesylate, saxagliptin, secretin human, siltuximab, simvastatin, sorafenib, sucralfate, sulfasalazine, sunitinib, thiotepa, tianeptine, tigecycline, tolmetin, topiramate, topotecan, trametinib dimethyl sulfoxide, trastuzumab, tretinoin, triclofos, valacyclovir, vancomycin, vardenafil,vandetanib, vigabatrin, vinblastine, voriconazole, zafirlukast


Cefdinir, Cefixime, Cefuroxime, Cephalosporin, Chloramphenicol, Chloroquine, Cidofovir, Cimetidine, Ciprofloxacin, Cisapride, Cladribine, Clidinium, Clindamycin, Clofibrate, Codeine withdrawal, Colchicine, Cyclopropane, Cycloserine, Cytarabine, Dactinomycin, Danazol, Dantrolene, Daptomycin, Darvocet overdose, Deferiprone, Depo-provera, Desmopressin, Dexedrine overdose, Didanosine, Diflunisal,

Ear Nose Throat No underlying causes
Endocrine Addison's disease, adrenal crisis, adrenal disorders, adrenal gland hypofunction, adrenal hemorrhage, adrenal hyperplasia, adrenal insufficiency, Chiari-Frommel syndrome, congenital adrenal hyperplasia, cushing syndrome, diabetes mellitus type 2, diabetic gastroparesis, diabetic ketoacidosis, multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1
Environmental No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic Abdominal cramps, abdominal cutaneous nerve entrapment syndrome, abdominal mass, accessory pancreas, acute pancreatitis, appendicitis, autoimmune hepatitis, autoimmune pancreatitis, bacterial gastroenteritis, bowel obstruction, caecitis, carcinoid syndrome, celiac disease, Charcot's triad, cholangiocarcinoma, cholangitis, cholecystitis, choledochal cysts, chronic pancreatitis, cirrhosis, clostridial necrotizing enteritis, colitis, colonic polyps, colorectal cancer, constipation, Crohn's disease, diverticulitis, duodenitis, dyspepsia, enteritis, epiploic appendagitis, gastric outlet obstruction, gastritis, gastroenteritis, gastrointestinal perforation, gastrointestinal stromal tumor, hemosuccus pancreaticus, ileitis, ileus, intestinal malrotation, intestinal pseudoobstruction, intussusception, irritable bowel syndrome, ischemic colitis, König's syndrome, Krukenberg tumor, malabsorption, Meckel's diverticulum, mesenteric ischemia, ogilvie syndrome, pancreatic cancer, pancreatitis, peptic ulcer, peritonitis, porcelain gallbladder, proctitis, pseudomembranous colitis, pseudomyxoma peritonei, toxic megacolon, ulcerative colitis, volvulus, Whipple's disease
Genetic Gilbert's syndrome, Marfan syndrome, periodic fever syndrome, pyruvate carboxylase deficiency, Slone's disease
Hematologic Capillary leak syndrome, cholesterol emboli syndrome, mastocytosis, porphyria
Iatrogenic Adjustable gastric band, postcholecystectomy syndrome, short bowel syndrome, transfusion-associated graft versus host disease
Infectious Disease African horse sickness, Anisakis, Ascaris infection, Astroviridae, Bacillus cereus, blastocystosis, Brachylaima, campylobacteriosis, cat scratch fever, Cestoda, Clostridium difficile, Colorado tick fever, Cryptosporidium parvum, Dengue fever, Ebola, Entamoeba histolytica, familial Mediterranean fever, fasciolopsiasis, fasciolosis, fungemia, Fusarium, Giardia lamblia, Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, Helicobacter pylori infection, Henipavirus, hookworm, Hymenolepis infection, isosporiasis, leptospirosis, Mycobacterium avium complex, Norovirus, Opisthorchis infection, Paragonimus infection, Q fever, rheumatic fever, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, salmonellosis, scarlet fever, schistosomiasis, scombrotoxic fish poisoning, shigellosis, strongyloidiasis, toxocariasis, trichomoniasis, typhoid fever, Vibrio vulnificus, viral hepatitis , whipworm infection, yellow fever, yersiniosis
Musculoskeletal / Ortho No underlying causes
Neurologic Autonomic neuropathy
Nutritional / Metabolic Diabetic ketoacidosis, food allergy, food intolerance, lactic acidosis, metabolic acidosis, pantothenic acid, Zieve's syndrome
Obstetric / Gynecologic Cervical cancer, ectopic pregnancy, endometrial cancer, endometriosis, menstruation, ovarian cancer, ovarian cyst, ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, ovarian torsion, pelvic inflammatory disease, placental abruption, pregnancy, Salpingitis, uterine fibroids, uterine rupture, uterine sarcoma
Oncologic Desmoplastic small round cell tumor, liposarcoma, liver tumor, mesothelioma, sacrococcygeal teratoma
Ophthalmologic No underlying causes
Overdose / Toxicity 4-Nitrophenol, cicutoxin, cinchonism, clitocybe dealbata, colchicine, hebeloma crustuliniforme, hypervitaminosis A, sorbitol, statins, tegaserod, tetrodotoxin
Psychiatric Bulimia nervosa, childhood-onset bipolar disorder, depression
Pulmonary Allergies, alveolar hydatid disease, anaphylaxis, acquired angioedema, angioneurotic edema, aspiration pneumonia, basal pneumonia, Chilaiditi syndrome, Churg-Strauss syndrome, congenital bronchogenic cyst, decompression sickness, empyema, pleuritis, pulmonary embolism, pulmonary infarction, tuberculosis
Renal / Electrolyte Bright's disease, Burnett's milk drinker's syndrome, chronic renal insufficiency, clear cell renal cell carcinoma, collecting duct carcinoma, congenital lactic acidosis, congenital megalo-ureter, continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis, Cope's syndrome, cystitis, hydronephrosis, hypercalcemia, hyperkalemia, hypocalcemia, nutcracker syndrome, polycystic kidney disease, pyelonephritis, ureterocele,urinary tract infection
Rheum / Immune / Allergy Allergies, alpha heavy chain disease, anaphylaxis, acquired angioedema, angiofollicular ganglionic hyperplasia, angioneurotic edema, autoimmune oophoritis, autoimmune pancreatitis, autoimmune thyroid disease, Behcet's disease, celiac disease, chronic fatigue syndrome, chronic necrotizing vasculitis, Churg-Strauss syndrome, citric acid intolerance, collagenous celiac disease, diffuse systemic sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, polyarteritis nodosa
Sexual No underlying causes
Trauma No underlying causes
Urologic Prostate cancer, prostatitis
Miscellaneous Alcoholic hepatitis, chronic fatigue syndrome, chronic functional abdominal pain, foreign body, ruptured spleen, side stitch, Situs inversus, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome

Causes in Alphabetical Order

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Acute Abdomen

Common causes of acute abdomen include:

Chronic Functional Abdominal Pain

Common causes of CFAP stem from:

References

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