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{{Infobox_gene}}
{{PBB_Controls
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'''Syndecan 1''' is a [[protein]] which in humans is encoded by the ''SDC1'' [[gene]].<ref name="pmid2324102">{{cite journal | vauthors = Mali M, Jaakkola P, Arvilommi AM, Jalkanen M | title = Sequence of human syndecan indicates a novel gene family of integral membrane proteoglycans | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 265 | issue = 12 | pages = 6884–9 | date = Apr 1990 | pmid = 2324102 | doi =  | url = http://www.jbc.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=2324102 }}</ref><ref name="pmid2173154">{{cite journal | vauthors = Ala-Kapee M, Nevanlinna H, Mali M, Jalkanen M, Schröder J | title = Localization of gene for human syndecan, an integral membrane proteoglycan and a matrix receptor, to chromosome 2 | journal = Somatic Cell and Molecular Genetics | volume = 16 | issue = 5 | pages = 501–5 | date = Sep 1990 | pmid = 2173154 | doi = 10.1007/BF01233200 }}</ref>
| require_manual_inspection = no
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}}


<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot.  See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
== Function ==
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image =
| image_source =
| PDB =
| Name = Syndecan 1
| HGNCid = 10658
| Symbol = SDC1
| AltSymbols =; CD138; SDC; SYND1; syndecan
| OMIM = 186355
| ECnumber = 
| Homologene = 2252
| MGIid = 1349162
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_SDC1_201286_at_tn.png
| GeneAtlas_image2 = PBB_GE_SDC1_201287_s_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0008092 |text = cytoskeletal protein binding}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005887 |text = integral to plasma membrane}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016020 |text = membrane}}
| Process =
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
    | Hs_EntrezGene = 6382
    | Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000115884
    | Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_001006947
    | Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_001006946
    | Hs_GenLoc_db = 
    | Hs_GenLoc_chr = 2
    | Hs_GenLoc_start = 20264039
    | Hs_GenLoc_end = 20288675
    | Hs_Uniprot = P18827
    | Mm_EntrezGene = 20969
    | Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000020592
    | Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_011519
    | Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_035649
    | Mm_GenLoc_db = 
    | Mm_GenLoc_chr = 12
    | Mm_GenLoc_start = 8797404
    | Mm_GenLoc_end = 8819683
    | Mm_Uniprot = Q3THY2
  }}
}}
'''[[Syndecan]] 1''' is a [[proteoglycan]].


<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot.  See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
The protein encoded by this gene is a transmembrane (type I) [[heparan sulfate]] [[proteoglycan]] and is a member of the [[syndecan]] proteoglycan family. The syndecans mediate cell binding, [[cell signaling]], and [[cytoskeleton|cytoskeletal]] organization and syndecan receptors are required for internalization of the [[HIV| HIV-1]] [[Tat (HIV)|tat protein]]. The syndecan-1 protein functions as an [[integral membrane protein]] and participates in [[cell growth|cell proliferation]], [[cell migration]] and [[cell junction|cell-matrix]] interactions via its receptor for extracellular matrix proteins. Syndecan-1 is a sponge for growth factors, with binding largely via heparan sulfate chains.
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text = The protein encoded by this gene is a transmembrane (type I) heparan sulfate proteoglycan and is a member of the syndecan proteoglycan family. The syndecans mediate cell binding, cell signaling, and cytoskeletal organization and syndecan receptors are required for internalization of the HIV-1 tat protein. The syndecan-1 protein functions as an integral membrane protein and participates in cell proliferation, cell migration and cell-matrix interactions via its receptor for extracellular matrix proteins. Altered syndecan-1 expression has been detected in several different tumor types. While several transcript variants may exist for this gene, the full-length natures of only two have been described to date. These two represent the major variants of this gene and encode the same protein.<ref>{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: SDC1 syndecan 1| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=6382| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}


==References==
An exception is the prosecretory mitogen [[lacritin]] that binds syndecan-1 only after heparanase modification.<ref name="pmid16982797">{{cite journal | vauthors = Ma P, Beck SL, Raab RW, McKown RL, Coffman GL, Utani A, Chirico WJ, Rapraeger AC, Laurie GW | title = Heparanase deglycanation of syndecan-1 is required for binding of the epithelial-restricted prosecretory mitogen lacritin | journal = The Journal of Cell Biology | volume = 174 | issue = 7 | pages = 1097–106 | date = Sep 2006 | pmid = 16982797 | pmc = 1666580 | doi = 10.1083/jcb.200511134 }}</ref><ref name="pmid23504321 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]">{{cite journal | vauthors = Zhang Y, Wang N, Raab RW, McKown RL, Irwin JA, Kwon I, van Kuppevelt TH, Laurie GW | title = Targeting of heparanase-modified syndecan-1 by prosecretory mitogen lacritin requires conserved core GAGAL plus heparan and chondroitin sulfate as a novel hybrid binding site that enhances selectivity | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 288 | issue = 17 | pages = 12090–101 | date = Apr 2013 | pmid = 23504321 | pmc = 3636894 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M112.422717 }}</ref> Binding utilizes an enzyme-regulated 'off-on' switch in which active epithelial [[heparanase]] (HPSE) cleaves off heparan sulfate to expose a binding site in the N-terminal region of syndecan-1's core protein.<ref name="pmid16982797" /> Three SDC1 elements are required.  (1) The heparanase-exposed hydrophobic sequence GAGAL that promotes the alpha helicity of lacritin's C-terminal amphipathic alpha helix form and likely binds to the hydrophobic face.  (2) Heparanase-cleaved heparan sulfate that is 3-O sulfated.<ref name="pmid23504321 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]" />  This likely interacts with the cationic face of lacritin's C-terminal amphipathic alpha helix.  (3) An N-terminal [[chondroitin sulfate]] chain that also likely binds to the cationic face.  Point mutagenesis of lacritin has narrowed the ligation site.<ref name="pmid23504321 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]" />
{{reflist|2}}
 
==Further reading==
While several [[transcript variant|transcript]] variants may exist for this gene, the full-length natures of only two have been described to date. These two represent the major variants of this gene and encode the same protein.<ref>{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: SDC1 syndecan 1| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=6382| accessdate = }}</ref>
 
==Clinical significance==
Altered syndecan-1 expression has been detected in several different tumor types.
 
It is a specific antigen on [[multiple myeloma]] cells.<ref name=ASH2013>[http://www.myelomabeacon.com/resources/mtgs/ash2013/abs/758/ Indatuximab Ravtansine (BT062) In Combination With Lenalidomide and Low-Dose Dexamethasone In Patients With Relapsed and/Or Refractory Multiple Myeloma: Clinical Activity In Len/Dex-Refractory Patients]</ref>
 
[[Indatuximab ravtansine]] targets this protein.
 
== Application ==
 
It is a useful marker for [[plasma cell]]s,<ref name="pmid18770841">{{cite journal | vauthors = Rawstron AC | title = Immunophenotyping of plasma cells | journal = Current Protocols in Cytometry | volume = Chapter 6 | issue =  | pages = Unit6.23 | date = May 2006 | pmid = 18770841 | doi = 10.1002/0471142956.cy0623s36 | isbn = 0-471-14295-6 }}</ref> but only if the cells tested are already known to be derived from blood.<ref name="pmid14983940">{{cite journal | vauthors = O'Connell FP, Pinkus JL, Pinkus GS | title = CD138 (syndecan-1), a plasma cell marker immunohistochemical profile in hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic neoplasms | journal = American Journal of Clinical Pathology | volume = 121 | issue = 2 | pages = 254–63 | date = Feb 2004 | pmid = 14983940 | doi = 10.1309/617D-WB5G-NFWX-HW4L | url = http://ajcp.metapress.com/openurl.asp?genre=article&issn=0002-9173&volume=121&issue=2&spage=254 }}{{Dead link|date=June 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=no }}</ref>
 
== References ==
{{reflist}}
 
== Further reading ==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
* {{cite journal | vauthors = David G | title = Structural and functional diversity of the heparan sulfate proteoglycans | journal = Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology | volume = 313 | issue =  | pages = 69–78 | year = 1992 | pmid = 1442271 | doi = 10.1007/978-1-4899-2444-5_7 }}
| citations =
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Jaakkola P, Jalkanen M | title = Transcriptional regulation of Syndecan-1 expression by growth factors | journal = Progress in Nucleic Acid Research and Molecular Biology | volume = 63 | issue =  | pages = 109–38 | year = 1999 | pmid = 10506830 | doi = 10.1016/S0079-6603(08)60721-7 | isbn = 978-0-12-540063-3 | series = Progress in Nucleic Acid Research and Molecular Biology }}
*{{cite journal | author=David G |title=Structural and functional diversity of the heparan sulfate proteoglycans. |journal=Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. |volume=313 |issue=  |pages= 69-78 |year= 1992 |pmid= 1442271 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Wijdenes J, Dore JM, Clement C, Vermot-Desroches C | title = CD138 | journal = Journal of Biological Regulators and Homeostatic Agents | volume = 16 | issue = 2 | pages = 152–5 | year = 2003 | pmid = 12144130 | doi =  }}
*{{cite journal | author=Jaakkola P, Jalkanen M |title=Transcriptional regulation of Syndecan-1 expression by growth factors. |journal=Prog. Nucleic Acid Res. Mol. Biol. |volume=63 |issue=  |pages= 109-38 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10506830 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Lories V, Cassiman JJ, Van den Berghe H, David G | title = Differential expression of cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans in human mammary epithelial cells and lung fibroblasts | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 267 | issue = 2 | pages = 1116–22 | date = Jan 1992 | pmid = 1339431 | doi =  }}
*{{cite journal | author=Wijdenes J, Dore JM, Clement C, Vermot-Desroches C |title=CD138. |journal=J. Biol. Regul. Homeost. Agents |volume=16 |issue= 2 |pages= 152-5 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12144130 |doi=  }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Vainio S, Jalkanen M, Bernfield M, Saxén L | title = Transient expression of syndecan in mesenchymal cell aggregates of the embryonic kidney | journal = Developmental Biology | volume = 152 | issue = 2 | pages = 221–32 | date = Aug 1992 | pmid = 1644217 | doi = 10.1016/0012-1606(92)90130-9 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Lories V, Cassiman JJ, Van den Berghe H, David G |title=Differential expression of cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans in human mammary epithelial cells and lung fibroblasts. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=267 |issue= 2 |pages= 1116-22 |year= 1992 |pmid= 1339431 |doi=  }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Kiefer MC, Ishihara M, Swiedler SJ, Crawford K, Stephans JC, Barr PJ | title = The molecular biology of heparan sulfate fibroblast growth factor receptors | journal = Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences | volume = 638 | issue =  | pages = 167–76 | year = 1992 | pmid = 1664683 | doi = 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1991.tb49027.x }}
*{{cite journal | author=Vainio S, Jalkanen M, Bernfield M, Saxén L |title=Transient expression of syndecan in mesenchymal cell aggregates of the embryonic kidney. |journal=Dev. Biol. |volume=152 |issue= 2 |pages= 221-32 |year= 1992 |pmid= 1644217 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Ala-Kapee M, Nevanlinna H, Mali M, Jalkanen M, Schröder J | title = Localization of gene for human syndecan, an integral membrane proteoglycan and a matrix receptor, to chromosome 2 | journal = Somatic Cell and Molecular Genetics | volume = 16 | issue = 5 | pages = 501–5 | date = Sep 1990 | pmid = 2173154 | doi = 10.1007/BF01233200 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Kiefer MC, Ishihara M, Swiedler SJ, ''et al.'' |title=The molecular biology of heparan sulfate fibroblast growth factor receptors. |journal=Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. |volume=638 |issue=  |pages= 167-76 |year= 1992 |pmid= 1664683 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Mali M, Jaakkola P, Arvilommi AM, Jalkanen M | title = Sequence of human syndecan indicates a novel gene family of integral membrane proteoglycans | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 265 | issue = 12 | pages = 6884–9 | date = Apr 1990 | pmid = 2324102 | doi =  }}
*{{cite journal | author=Ala-Kapee M, Nevanlinna H, Mali M, ''et al.'' |title=Localization of gene for human syndecan, an integral membrane proteoglycan and a matrix receptor, to chromosome 2. |journal=Somat. Cell Mol. Genet. |volume=16 |issue= 5 |pages= 501-5 |year= 1990 |pmid= 2173154 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Sanderson RD, Lalor P, Bernfield M | title = B lymphocytes express and lose syndecan at specific stages of differentiation | journal = Cell Regulation | volume = 1 | issue = 1 | pages = 27–35 | date = Nov 1989 | pmid = 2519615 | pmc = 361422 | doi =  }}
*{{cite journal | author=Mali M, Jaakkola P, Arvilommi AM, Jalkanen M |title=Sequence of human syndecan indicates a novel gene family of integral membrane proteoglycans. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=265 |issue= 12 |pages= 6884-9 |year= 1990 |pmid= 2324102 |doi=  }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Asundi VK, Carey DJ | title = Self-association of N-syndecan (syndecan-3) core protein is mediated by a novel structural motif in the transmembrane domain and ectodomain flanking region | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 270 | issue = 44 | pages = 26404–10 | date = Nov 1995 | pmid = 7592855 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.270.44.26404 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Sanderson RD, Lalor P, Bernfield M |title=B lymphocytes express and lose syndecan at specific stages of differentiation. |journal=Cell Regul. |volume=1 |issue= 1 |pages= 27-35 |year= 1992 |pmid= 2519615 |doi=  }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Zhang L, David G, Esko JD | title = Repetitive Ser-Gly sequences enhance heparan sulfate assembly in proteoglycans | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 270 | issue = 45 | pages = 27127–35 | date = Nov 1995 | pmid = 7592967 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.270.45.27127 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Asundi VK, Carey DJ |title=Self-association of N-syndecan (syndecan-3) core protein is mediated by a novel structural motif in the transmembrane domain and ectodomain flanking region. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=270 |issue= 44 |pages= 26404-10 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7592855 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Barillari G, Gendelman R, Gallo RC, Ensoli B | title = The Tat protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1, a growth factor for AIDS Kaposi sarcoma and cytokine-activated vascular cells, induces adhesion of the same cell types by using integrin receptors recognizing the RGD amino acid sequence | journal = Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | volume = 90 | issue = 17 | pages = 7941–5 | date = Sep 1993 | pmid = 7690138 | pmc = 47263 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.90.17.7941 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Zhang L, David G, Esko JD |title=Repetitive Ser-Gly sequences enhance heparan sulfate assembly in proteoglycans. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=270 |issue= 45 |pages= 27127-35 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7592967 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Spring J, Goldberger OA, Jenkins NA, Gilbert DJ, Copeland NG, Bernfield M | title = Mapping of the syndecan genes in the mouse: linkage with members of the myc gene family | journal = Genomics | volume = 21 | issue = 3 | pages = 597–601 | date = Jun 1994 | pmid = 7959737 | doi = 10.1006/geno.1994.1319 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Barillari G, Gendelman R, Gallo RC, Ensoli B |title=The Tat protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1, a growth factor for AIDS Kaposi sarcoma and cytokine-activated vascular cells, induces adhesion of the same cell types by using integrin receptors recognizing the RGD amino acid sequence. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=90 |issue= 17 |pages= 7941-5 |year= 1993 |pmid= 7690138 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Sneed TB, Stanley DJ, Young LA, Sanderson RD | title = Interleukin-6 regulates expression of the syndecan-1 proteoglycan on B lymphoid cells | journal = Cellular Immunology | volume = 153 | issue = 2 | pages = 456–67 | date = Feb 1994 | pmid = 8118875 | doi = 10.1006/cimm.1994.1042 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Spring J, Goldberger OA, Jenkins NA, ''et al.'' |title=Mapping of the syndecan genes in the mouse: linkage with members of the myc gene family. |journal=Genomics |volume=21 |issue= 3 |pages= 597-601 |year= 1994 |pmid= 7959737 |doi= 10.1006/geno.1994.1319 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Maruyama K, Sugano S | title = Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides | journal = Gene | volume = 138 | issue = 1-2 | pages = 171–4 | date = Jan 1994 | pmid = 8125298 | doi = 10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Sneed TB, Stanley DJ, Young LA, Sanderson RD |title=Interleukin-6 regulates expression of the syndecan-1 proteoglycan on B lymphoid cells. |journal=Cell. Immunol. |volume=153 |issue= 2 |pages= 456-67 |year= 1994 |pmid= 8118875 |doi= 10.1006/cimm.1994.1042 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Kokenyesi R, Bernfield M | title = Core protein structure and sequence determine the site and presence of heparan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate on syndecan-1 | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 269 | issue = 16 | pages = 12304–9 | date = Apr 1994 | pmid = 8163535 | doi =  }}
*{{cite journal | author=Maruyama K, Sugano S |title=Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides. |journal=Gene |volume=138 |issue= 1-2 |pages= 171-4 |year= 1994 |pmid= 8125298 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Albini A, Benelli R, Presta M, Rusnati M, Ziche M, Rubartelli A, Paglialunga G, Bussolino F, Noonan D | title = HIV-tat protein is a heparin-binding angiogenic growth factor | journal = Oncogene | volume = 12 | issue = 2 | pages = 289–97 | date = Jan 1996 | pmid = 8570206 | doi =  }}
*{{cite journal | author=Kokenyesi R, Bernfield M |title=Core protein structure and sequence determine the site and presence of heparan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate on syndecan-1. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=269 |issue= 16 |pages= 12304-9 |year= 1994 |pmid= 8163535 |doi=  }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Bonaldo MF, Lennon G, Soares MB | title = Normalization and subtraction: two approaches to facilitate gene discovery | journal = Genome Research | volume = 6 | issue = 9 | pages = 791–806 | date = Sep 1996 | pmid = 8889548 | doi = 10.1101/gr.6.9.791 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Albini A, Benelli R, Presta M, ''et al.'' |title=HIV-tat protein is a heparin-binding angiogenic growth factor. |journal=Oncogene |volume=12 |issue= 2 |pages= 289-97 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8570206 |doi=  }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Kaukonen J, Alanen-Kurki L, Jalkanen M, Palotie A | title = The mapping and visual ordering of the human syndecan-1 and N-myc genes near the telomeric region of chromosome 2p | journal = Human Genetics | volume = 99 | issue = 3 | pages = 295–7 | date = Mar 1997 | pmid = 9050911 | doi = 10.1007/s004390050360 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Bonaldo MF, Lennon G, Soares MB |title=Normalization and subtraction: two approaches to facilitate gene discovery. |journal=Genome Res. |volume=6 |issue= 9 |pages= 791-806 |year= 1997 |pmid= 8889548 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Kaukonen J, Alanen-Kurki L, Jalkanen M, Palotie A |title=The mapping and visual ordering of the human syndecan-1 and N-myc genes near the telomeric region of chromosome 2p. |journal=Hum. Genet. |volume=99 |issue= 3 |pages= 295-7 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9050911 |doi= }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{refend}}


==External links==
== External links ==
* {{MeshName|Syndecan-1}}
* {{MeshName|Syndecan-1}}


{{biochemistry-stub}}
{{Clusters of differentiation}}
{{Clusters of differentiation}}
{{Clusters of differentiation by lineage}}
{{Proteoglycans}}
{{Proteoglycans}}


[[Category:Proteoglycans]]
[[Category:Proteoglycans]]

Latest revision as of 00:15, 10 June 2018

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Identifiers
Aliases
External IDsGeneCards: [1]
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

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Ensembl

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UniProt

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RefSeq (mRNA)

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RefSeq (protein)

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Location (UCSC)n/an/a
PubMed searchn/an/a
Wikidata
View/Edit Human

Syndecan 1 is a protein which in humans is encoded by the SDC1 gene.[1][2]

Function

The protein encoded by this gene is a transmembrane (type I) heparan sulfate proteoglycan and is a member of the syndecan proteoglycan family. The syndecans mediate cell binding, cell signaling, and cytoskeletal organization and syndecan receptors are required for internalization of the HIV-1 tat protein. The syndecan-1 protein functions as an integral membrane protein and participates in cell proliferation, cell migration and cell-matrix interactions via its receptor for extracellular matrix proteins. Syndecan-1 is a sponge for growth factors, with binding largely via heparan sulfate chains.

An exception is the prosecretory mitogen lacritin that binds syndecan-1 only after heparanase modification.[3][4] Binding utilizes an enzyme-regulated 'off-on' switch in which active epithelial heparanase (HPSE) cleaves off heparan sulfate to expose a binding site in the N-terminal region of syndecan-1's core protein.[3] Three SDC1 elements are required. (1) The heparanase-exposed hydrophobic sequence GAGAL that promotes the alpha helicity of lacritin's C-terminal amphipathic alpha helix form and likely binds to the hydrophobic face. (2) Heparanase-cleaved heparan sulfate that is 3-O sulfated.[4] This likely interacts with the cationic face of lacritin's C-terminal amphipathic alpha helix. (3) An N-terminal chondroitin sulfate chain that also likely binds to the cationic face. Point mutagenesis of lacritin has narrowed the ligation site.[4]

While several transcript variants may exist for this gene, the full-length natures of only two have been described to date. These two represent the major variants of this gene and encode the same protein.[5]

Clinical significance

Altered syndecan-1 expression has been detected in several different tumor types.

It is a specific antigen on multiple myeloma cells.[6]

Indatuximab ravtansine targets this protein.

Application

It is a useful marker for plasma cells,[7] but only if the cells tested are already known to be derived from blood.[8]

References

  1. ↑ Mali M, Jaakkola P, Arvilommi AM, Jalkanen M (Apr 1990). "Sequence of human syndecan indicates a novel gene family of integral membrane proteoglycans". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 265 (12): 6884–9. PMID 2324102.
  2. ↑ Ala-Kapee M, Nevanlinna H, Mali M, Jalkanen M, Schröder J (Sep 1990). "Localization of gene for human syndecan, an integral membrane proteoglycan and a matrix receptor, to chromosome 2". Somatic Cell and Molecular Genetics. 16 (5): 501–5. doi:10.1007/BF01233200. PMID 2173154.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Ma P, Beck SL, Raab RW, McKown RL, Coffman GL, Utani A, Chirico WJ, Rapraeger AC, Laurie GW (Sep 2006). "Heparanase deglycanation of syndecan-1 is required for binding of the epithelial-restricted prosecretory mitogen lacritin". The Journal of Cell Biology. 174 (7): 1097–106. doi:10.1083/jcb.200511134. PMC 1666580. PMID 16982797.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Zhang Y, Wang N, Raab RW, McKown RL, Irwin JA, Kwon I, van Kuppevelt TH, Laurie GW (Apr 2013). "Targeting of heparanase-modified syndecan-1 by prosecretory mitogen lacritin requires conserved core GAGAL plus heparan and chondroitin sulfate as a novel hybrid binding site that enhances selectivity". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 288 (17): 12090–101. doi:10.1074/jbc.M112.422717. PMC 3636894. PMID 23504321.
  5. ↑ "Entrez Gene: SDC1 syndecan 1".
  6. ↑ Indatuximab Ravtansine (BT062) In Combination With Lenalidomide and Low-Dose Dexamethasone In Patients With Relapsed and/Or Refractory Multiple Myeloma: Clinical Activity In Len/Dex-Refractory Patients
  7. ↑ Rawstron AC (May 2006). "Immunophenotyping of plasma cells". Current Protocols in Cytometry. Chapter 6: Unit6.23. doi:10.1002/0471142956.cy0623s36. ISBN 0-471-14295-6. PMID 18770841.
  8. ↑ O'Connell FP, Pinkus JL, Pinkus GS (Feb 2004). "CD138 (syndecan-1), a plasma cell marker immunohistochemical profile in hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic neoplasms". American Journal of Clinical Pathology. 121 (2): 254–63. doi:10.1309/617D-WB5G-NFWX-HW4L. PMID 14983940.[permanent dead link]

Further reading

  • David G (1992). "Structural and functional diversity of the heparan sulfate proteoglycans". Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. 313: 69–78. doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-2444-5_7. PMID 1442271.
  • Jaakkola P, Jalkanen M (1999). "Transcriptional regulation of Syndecan-1 expression by growth factors". Progress in Nucleic Acid Research and Molecular Biology. Progress in Nucleic Acid Research and Molecular Biology. 63: 109–38. doi:10.1016/S0079-6603(08)60721-7. ISBN 978-0-12-540063-3. PMID 10506830.
  • Wijdenes J, Dore JM, Clement C, Vermot-Desroches C (2003). "CD138". Journal of Biological Regulators and Homeostatic Agents. 16 (2): 152–5. PMID 12144130.
  • Lories V, Cassiman JJ, Van den Berghe H, David G (Jan 1992). "Differential expression of cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans in human mammary epithelial cells and lung fibroblasts". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 267 (2): 1116–22. PMID 1339431.
  • Vainio S, Jalkanen M, Bernfield M, Saxén L (Aug 1992). "Transient expression of syndecan in mesenchymal cell aggregates of the embryonic kidney". Developmental Biology. 152 (2): 221–32. doi:10.1016/0012-1606(92)90130-9. PMID 1644217.
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External links

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