Vasculitis: Difference between revisions

	Vasculitis
Overview
Classification Large-sized vessel vasculitis Takayasu's Arteritis Temporal Arteritis Medium-sized vessel vasculitis Kawasaki's Disease Polyarteritis Nodosa Small-sized vessel vasculitis Churg-Strauss Syndrome Cutaneous leukocytoclastic vasculitis Essential cryoglobulinemic vasculitis Henoch-Schonlein Purpura Microscopic polyangiitis Wegener's Granulomatosis Variable-sized vessel vasculitis Sjogren syndrome Cogan syndrome Single organ vasculitis Primary central nervous system angiitis
Causes
Differential Diagnosis

VisualWikitext

Latest revision as of 15:10, 21 May 2021

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Eiman Ghaffarpasand, M.D. [2]

Overview

Vasculitis means inflammation of a blood vessel. Vasculitis is classified based on the size of vessels which are involved. Large sized-vessel vasculitis mostly happens in major vessels of the body, such as Takayasu's Arteritis and temporal Arteritis. Medium sized-vessel vasculitis includes Kawasaki's Disease and Polyarteritis Nodosa. Small sized-vessel vasculitis commonly manifests as skin lesions and includes Churg-Strauss Syndrome, leukocytoclastic vasculitis, Henoch-Schonlein Purpura, and Wegener's Granulomatosis. Variable sized-vessel vasculitis are Sjogren syndrome and Cogan syndrome. Single organ vasculitis is basically primary central nervous system angiitis. As the affected vessels are vary in size, the affected organs could be different among patients which leads to different disease presentation and severities. This spectrum of diseases could be primary or secondary to another conditions like sepsis. A high degree of level of suspicious is necessary when encounter a patients with appropriate clinical manifestation to lead to final diagnosis. Diagnosis is based on a combination of clinical scenario, lab findings, and imaging findings. Although the definite diagnostic modality is tissue biopsy and microscopic findings. The diseases course could be acute although they usually presents with constitutional symptoms and chronic progression. Treatment of vasculitis depends on the disease severity consists of applying immunosuppressant agents to induce the remission and maintain the the disease course under control.

Classification

Large-sized vessel vasculitis

Medium-sized vessel vasculitis

Small-sized vessel vasculitis

Variable-sized vessel vasculitis

Single organ vasculitis

Primary central nervous system angiitis

Causes in Alphabetical Order

Vasculitis could be a primary disorder or secondary to an underlying condition. Following is a list of common causes of underlying diseases or drugs that may lead to vasculitis syndrome:

Differentiating Vasculitis from Other Diseases

As vasculitis manifests in a variety of clinical forms, differentiation must be established in accordance with the particular subtype.
- Large-sized vessel vasculitis must be differentiated from other diseases that cause major vessels inflammation, such as Ehlers-Danlos syndrome and fibromuscular dysplasia.
- Medium-sized vessel vasculitis must be differentiated from other diseases that cause visceral vessels vasculitis, such as segmental arterial mediolysis and toxic epidermal necrolysis.
- Small-sized vessel vasculitis must be differentiated from other diseases that cause capillary inflammation and skin lesions, such as diffuse intravascular coagulation and immune thrombocytopenic purpura.
- Single organ vasculitis must be differentiated from other diseases that cause neurovascular disorder, such as eclampsia and histoplasmosis.

To review the differential diagnosis of large-sized vessel vasculitis, click here.

To review the differential diagnosis of large-sized vessel vasculitis with weight loss, click here.

To review the differential diagnosis of large-sized vessel vasculitis with arthralgia, click here.

To review the differential diagnosis of large-sized vessel vasculitis with claudication, click here.

To review the differential diagnosis of large-sized vessel vasculitis with hypertension, click here.

To review the differential diagnosis of medium-sized vessel vasculitis, click here.

To review the differential diagnosis of medium-sized vessel vasculitis with headache, click here.

To review the differential diagnosis of medium-sized vessel vasculitis with fever, click here.

To review the differential diagnosis of medium-sized vessel vasculitis with weight loss, click here.

To review the differential diagnosis of medium-sized vessel vasculitis with arthralgia, click here.

To review the differential diagnosis of medium-sized vessel vasculitis with claudication, click here.

To review the differential diagnosis of medium-sized vessel vasculitis with bruit, click here.

To review the differential diagnosis of medium-sized vessel vasculitis with hypertension, click here.

To review the differential diagnosis of medium-sized vessel vasculitis with focal neurological sign, click here.

To review the differential diagnosis of medium-sized vessel vasculitis with headache, fever, and focal neurological sign, click here.

To review the differential diagnosis of medium-sized vessel vasculitis with headache, fever, weight loss, and arthralgia, click here.

To review the differential diagnosis of medium-sized vessel vasculitis with headache, fever, weight loss, arthralgia, claudication, bruit, and hypertension, click here.

To review the differential diagnosis of small-sized vessel vasculitis, click here.

To review the differential diagnosis of small-sized vessel vasculitis with headache, click here.

To review the differential diagnosis of small-sized vessel vasculitis with fever, click here.

To review the differential diagnosis of small-sized vessel vasculitis with weight loss, click here.

To review the differential diagnosis of small-sized vessel vasculitis with arthralgia, click here.

To review the differential diagnosis of small-sized vessel vasculitis with claudication, click here.

To review the differential diagnosis of small-sized vessel vasculitis with hypertension, click here.

To review the differential diagnosis of small-sized vessel vasculitis with focal neurological sign, click here.

To review the differential diagnosis of small-sized vessel vasculitis with fever and headache, click here.

To review the differential diagnosis of small-sized vessel vasculitis with fever and weight loss, click here.

To review the differential diagnosis of small-sized vessel vasculitis with fever and arthralgia, click here.

To review the differential diagnosis of small-sized vessel vasculitis with fever and claudication, click here.

To review the differential diagnosis of small-sized vessel vasculitis with fever and focal neurological sign, click here.

To review the differential diagnosis of small-sized vessel vasculitis with fever, weight loss, and arthralgia, click here.

To review the differential diagnosis of small-sized vessel vasculitis with fever, weight loss, and focal neurological sign, click here.

To review the differential diagnosis of small-sized vessel vasculitis with fever, headache, weight loss, arthralgia, and claudication, click here.

To review the differential diagnosis of small-sized vessel vasculitis with fever, headache,weight loss, arthralgia, claudication, hypertension, and focal neurological sign, click here.

To review the differential diagnosis of variable-sized vessel vasculitis, click here.

To review the differential diagnosis of single organ vasculitis, click here.

Abbreviations: ABG= Arterial blood gas, ANA= Antinuclear antibody, ANP= Atrial natriuretic peptide, ASO= Antistreptolysin O antibody, BNP= Brain natriuretic peptide, CBC= Complete blood count, COPD= Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, CRP= C-reactive protein, CT= Computed tomography, CXR= Chest X-ray, DVT= Deep vein thrombosis, ESR= Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, HRCT= High Resolution CT, IgE= Immunoglobulin E, LDH= Lactate dehydrogenase, PCWP= Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, PCR= Polymerase chain reaction, PFT= Pulmonary function test.

			Symptoms					Physical examination			Lab Findings				Imaging				Histopathology
Diseases			Clinical manifestations								Para-clinical findings									Gold standard	Additional findings
			Symptoms					Physical examination			Para-clinical findings
			Headache	Fever	Weight loss	Arthralgia	Claudication	Bruit	HTN	Focal neurological disorder	Biomarker	CBC	ESR	Other	CT scan	Angiography	Ultrasound/ Echocardiography	Other	Histopathology
Large-Vessel Vasculitis	Takayasu arteritis^[1]		+	+/-	+	-	+	+	+/-	+/-	MMP-3 and MMP-9	Leukocytosis, Anemia	↑	↑CRP	Aneurysmal dilatation of the aorta	Blood vessel stenosis	Circumferential thickening of the arterial wall (Macaroni sign)	PET-scan, Cardiac CT	Granulomatous inflammation of arteries	Arteriography	Coronary aneurysm
	Giant cell arteritis^[2]		+	-	+	+/-	-	-	-	+/-	Pentraxin 3 (PTX3)	Normal	↑	↑CRP	Stenosis, Occlusion, Dilatation	Aneurysm	-	Mural inflammation in MRA	Granulomatous inflammation of arteries	Biopsy	Jaw pain and claudication
	Neurological disease	Cerebral aneurysm^[3]	+	-	-	-	-	-	+/-	+	-	Normal	Normal	-	Well-defined round, slightly hyperattenuating lesion	Bulging out of the main lumen	-	Heterogeneous signal intensity in MRA	Layers of smooth muscle cells, Intact endothelium	Digital subtraction angiography (DSA)	Nausea, Vomiting
		Neurofibromatosis type 1^[4]	+/-	-	+/-	-	-	-	+	+	NF1 mutated gene	Normal	Normal	Neurofibromin gene	Bone abnormalities	Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA)	-	Optic nerve gliomas in MRI	Elongated spindle-shaped cells in neurofibromas	NIH diagnostic criteria	Cafe au Lait spot
		Neurofibromatosis type 2^[5]	+/-	-	+/-	-	+/-	-	-	+	NF2 mutated gene	Normal	Normal	Schwannomin	Meningioma, Schwannoma, Ependymoma	Fluorescein angiography showed retinal hamartoma	Localized schwannomas in nerve ultrasound	Schwannoma in MRI	Encapsulated biphasic nerve sheath tumor	NIH diagnostic criteria	Hearing loss, Vision loss
	Systemic disease	Fibromuscular dysplasia^[6]	+	-	+/-	+	+	+	+	+/-	Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β)	Normal	↑	↑ Cr or BUN	Alternating stenosis and dilatations in CT angiography	Stenosis in the renal arteries	Luminal narrowing alternating with dilatation (Beads sign)	Focal concentric, long-segment tubular stenosis or outpouching in MRA	Fibrodysplastic changes, Collagen deposition	Digital subtraction angiography (DSA)	Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD)
		Ehlers-Danlos syndrome^[7]	-	-	-	+	+/-	+/-	-	+/-	TGF-β	Normal	Normal	Cultured skin fibroblasts	Multiple vascular segments with aneurysms and dissections	Dissection of the posterolateral branch of the left circumflex coronary artery (LCx)	Visceral arteries abnormality	Vascular abnormalities in MRA	Thin and rare collagen bundles in the dermis	History and physical examination	Bleeding, Bruisability, Heart murmur
		Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR)^[8]	+	-	+/-	+	-	-	-	-	Plasma fibrinogen	Normocytic, normochromic anemia	↑	CRP	Periodontoid localization of calcification	Vessel wall thickening, Increased mural contrast enhancement	Subacromial or subdeltoid bursitis	High F-FDG accumulation around the joints in FDG PET-CT	Small angular fibers, Pyknotic nuclear clumps, or target-targetoid fibers	-	Joint stiffness, Fatigue
		Amyloidosis^[9]	+/-	-	-	+/-	+/-	-	+	+	Immunoglobulin light chain (Amyloid)	Anemia	Normal	↑ Cr or BUN, ↑ ALT or AST	Diffusely hypoattenuating and enlarged liver	Amyloid deposition in the media and adventitia of small arteries	Solid organs increased echogenicity	Tc-DPD for cardiac amyloid deposits	Extracellular deposition of fibrillar proteins	Biopsy	Cardiomegaly, Dyspnea
Diseases			Headache	Fever	Weight loss	Arthralgia	Claudication	Bruit	HTN	Focal neurological disorder	Biomarker	CBC	ESR	Other	CT scan	Angiography	Ultrasound/ Echocardiography	Other	Histopathology	Gold standard	Additional findings
Medium-Vessel Vasculitis	Polyarteritis nodosa^[10]		+	+	+	+	+	+	+/-	+/-	LAMP-2 protein autoantibodies	Leukocytosis, Normochromic anemia, Thrombocytosis	↑	↑ Cr or BUN, ↑ ALT or AST, Proteinuria	Focal regions of infarction or hemorrhage	Multiple microaneurysms, Hemorrhage due to focal rupture, Occlusion	Aneurysms and renal arteriovenous fistula in color Doppler sonography	-	Necrotizing inflammatory lesions	Angiography	Sudden weight loss, Abdominal pain
	Hepatitis B virus-associated polyarteritis nodosa^[11]		+/-	+/-	+	+	+/-	+/-	+	-	HBsAg	Leukocytosis, Normochromic anemia, Thrombocytosis	↑	↑ ALT or AST	Focal regions of infarction or hemorrhage	Microaneurysms in mesenteric artery	Aneurysms and renal arteriovenous fistula in color Doppler sonography	-	Necrotizing inflammatory lesions	Angiography	Peripheral neuropathy, Livedo reticularis
	Kawasaki disease^[12]		-	+	+/-	+	+	-	+/-	-	NT-proBNP, Meprin A, Filamin C	Normochromic anemia, ↑WBC with a left shift, Thrombocytosis	↑	Acute-phase reactants, ↓Cholesterol, ↓HDL, ↓ApolipoA	Coronary artery calcifications	Coronary artery aneurysms, stenosis or occlusion	Coronary artery anomaly in echocardiography	Electron beam CT (EBCT)	Acute destruction of the media by neutrophils, with loss of elastic fibers	History and physical examination	Diarrhea, Vomiting
	Infectious disease	Parvovirus B19 infection^[13]	+	+	+	+	-	-	-	+/-	B19 DNA, ↓Reticulocyte count	Anemia	↑	anti–parvovirus B19 IgM	-	-	Hydrops in fetal ultrasonography	-	-	B19 DNA	Purpuric rash, Erythema multiforme
		Scarlet fever^[14]	+	+	+/-	+	-	-	-	-	Antistreptolysin-O (ASO) titers	Leukocytosis	↑	↑CRP	Thickened pulmonary markings if pneumonia	-	-	-	Sparse neutrophilic perivascular infiltrate	History and physical examination	Sand-paper rashes, Sore throat
		Toxic shock syndrome^[15]	+	+	+	+	-	-	-	+/-	Procalcitonin	Leukocytosis with left shift	↑	Myoglobinuria, Sterile pyuria	Acute respiratory distress syndrome	-	-	-	Necrolysis of keratinocytes in epidermis, Perivascular lymphocytic infiltrate	Clinical criteria	Peeling or rashes, Organ dysfunction
		Mononucleosis^[16]	+	+	+	+	-	-	-	-	EBV DNA	Atypical lymphocyte	↑	Heterophile antibodies	CNS involvement	-	Splenomegaly	Encephalitis in MRI	Lymphoproliferative response in oropharynx, Lymphocytic infiltration in spleen	Heterophile antibody test	Splenomegaly, Palatal petechiae
		Leptospirosis^[17]	+	+	+	+	+/-	-	-	-	IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10	Anemia	-	↑Cr or BUN, ↑ALT or AST, Proteinuria	Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage	-	-	-	Toxin-mediated break down of endothelial cell membranes of capillaries	Culture and the microscopic agglutination test	Red eyes, Skin rash
		Lyme Disease^[18]	+/-	+	+/-	+	+/-	-	-	-	CXCL9 (MIG), CXCL10 (IP-10) and CCL19 (MIP3B)	Leukopenia, Thrombocytopenia	-	Microscopic hematuria, Proteinuria, ↑ALT or AST	Punctate lesions in periventricular white matter in brain SPECT	-	-	-	Acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans	Serologic tests	Erythema migrans
		Measles^[19]	+/-	+	+/-	+	-	-	-	-	Measles IgM	Leukopenia, Lymphocytosis, Thrombocytopenia	-	↑ALT or AST	Pneumonia	-	-	CXR	Spongiosis and vesiculation in the epidermis with scattered dyskeratotic keratinocytes	PCR	Generalized rash, Cough, Coryza, or Conjunctivitis
		Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever^[20]	+	+	+	+	-	-	-	-	R rickettsii serology	Thrombocytopenia, Anemia	-	↑ALT or AST, Hyponatremia	Infarction, edema, and meningeal enhancement	-	Myocardial or conduction abnormalities in echocardiography	-	Immunofluorescent or immunoperoxidase staining of R rickettsii	Clinical criteria and tick exposure	Rash on the palms and soles
		Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome^[21]	+	+	+	+	-	-	+/-	+/-	Anti exfoliatin and anti alpha-toxin antibodies	Leukocytosis with left shift	↑	Blood culture	Pneumonia	-	-	-	Intraepidermal blister, dense superficial perivascular lymphohistiocytic infiltrate	Blood culture and clinical findings	Widespread skin erythema, fluid-filled blisters
		Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis^[22]	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	+/-	MicroRNA-124	Normochromic normocytic anemia, Eosinophilia	↑	Fluid loss and electrolyte abnormalities	Tracheobronchial inflammation	-	-	-	Necrotic keratinocytes with full-thickness epithelial necrosis	Histopathology and clinical findings	Erythematous macular rash with purpuric centers
	Cardiovascular disease	Atrial Myxoma^[23]	-	-	+/-	-	-	-	-	+/-	Calretinin	Mild anemia, Leukocytosis	↑	↑IL-6	Atrial filling defect larger than a thrombus	-	Tumor location, size, attachment, and mobility in echocardiography	Size, shape, and surface characteristics in MRI	Lipidic cells embedded in a vascular myxoid stroma	Echocardiography	Dyspnea on exertion, Syncope
		Cholesterol Embolism^[24]	+/-	+/-	-	-	+	-	-	+	IL-5	Eosinophilia, Leukocytosis	↑	Eosinophiluria	Thoracic and abdominal aortic sources of embolism	Atheroembolism in abdominal aorta and the lower extremity arteries	Excluding an intracardiac source of embolism with echocardiography	-	Birefringent crystals or biconvex needle-shaped ghostly clefts within the arterial lumen	Angiography	Livedo reticularis, Ischemic patches
		Segmental arterial mediolysis^[25]	+	-	-	-	+	+	+	+/-	-	Leukocytosis	-	-	Visceral artery aneurysm in CT angiography	Alternating aneurysms and stenoses (beading)	Retroperitoneal hematoma	-	Disruption of the smooth muscle in the media	Angiography	Hematuria, Ischemic colitis
	Systemic disease	Antiphospholipid Syndrome^[26]	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	+/-	Antiphospholipid antibodies	Thrombocytopenia, Hemolytic anemia	-	Lupus anticoagulant (LA)	Stroke, Pulmonary embolism, Budd-Chiari syndrome	Thrombus in major vessels	Valve thickening, vegetations, or insufficiency in echocardiography	-	Noninflammatory bland thrombosis without perivascular inflammation	Hx of thrombosis and antiphospholipid antibodies	Miscarriage, Pulmonary hypertension
	Systemic disease	Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis^[27]	-	-	-	+	+/-	-	-	-	Rheumatoid factor (RF), S100A12	Lymphocytosis, Thrombocytopenia	↑	Myeloid-related proteins 8/14 (MRP8/14)	Synovial hypertrophy, Joint effusions	Cerebral vasculitis	Inflamed synovium	Bone scanning	Vascular congestion, RBC extravasation, Venular lumen occlusion	Conventional radiography	Evanescent rash, Dactylitis
Diseases			Headache	Fever	Weight loss	Arthralgia	Claudication	Bruit	HTN	Focal neurological disorder	Biomarker	CBC	ESR	Other	CT scan	Angiography	Ultrasound/ Echocardiography	Other	Histopathology	Gold standard	Additional findings
Small-Vessel Vasculitis	ANCA-associated vasculitis	Microscopic polyangiitis^[28]	+	-	-	+/-	-	-	-	+	Anti-PR3 antibody (C-ANCA) (40%), Anti-MPO antibody (P-ANCA) (60%)	Leukocytosis, Normocytic anemia	↑	Proteinuria, Erythrocyte casts	Suspected pancreatitis	Mesenteric angiography for differentiating from polyarteritis nodosa	-	Bilateral nodular, and patchy opacities in CXR	Glomerulonephritis with focal necrosis, crescent formation, and lack or paucity of immunoglobulin deposits	Histological confirmation	Rash, Hemoptysis
		Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener’s)^[29]	+	+/-	+/-	-	-	-	-	+	Anti-PR3 antibody (C-ANCA) (90%), Anti-MPO antibody (P-ANCA) (10%)	Leukocytosis, Normochromic normocytic anemia	↑	↑Cr or BUN, Hypoalbuminemia	Consolidation, Patchy or diffuse ground-glass opacities	Occlusion or stenosis of LAD and RCA in coronary angiography	-	Single or multiple nodules and masses with cavitation in CXR	Parenchymal necrosis, Granulomatous inflammation	Histological confirmation	Conjunctivitis, Episcleritis, Uveitis, Optic nerve vasculitis
		Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Churg-Strauss)^[30]	+/-	-	-	+	-	-	-	+	Anti-MPO antibody (P-ANCA) (40%), Eotaxin-3	Eosinophilia, Anemia	↑	↑Cr or BUN, Proteinuria, Erythrocyte casts, ↑IgE levels	Significant enlargement of peripheral pulmonary arteries	Myocardial ischemia and infarction in coronary angiography	Congestive heart failure (CHF) in echocardiography	Extensive air-space opacities in CXR	Small necrotizing granulomas with eosinophilic core surrounded by macrophages and epithelioid giant cells	Histological confirmation	Allergic rhinitis, Asthma, Urticarial rash
		Hydralazine-associated ANCA-associated vasculitis^[31]	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	+/-	Anti-MPO antibody (P-ANCA), Anti-histone antibodies	Anemia	-	↑Cr or BUN, Hypoalbuminemia	Bilateral pulmonary infiltrates	Aneurysms or occlusions of the visceral arteries	-	-	Pauci-immune necrotizing and crescentic glomerulonephritis	Histological confirmation	Sinusitis, Hemoptysis
	Immune complex small-vessel vasculitis	Anti-glomerular basement membrane disease^[32]	+	+/-	-	-	-	-	+	-	Anti-GBM antibodies	Hypochromic microcytic anemia, Thrombocytopenia	-	↓C3 level	Pulmonary hemorrhage	-	Normal kidneys	Alveolar infiltrates spreading from the hilum in CXR	Cellular crescents in the glomeruli, Intra-alveolar hemorrhages	Anti-GBM antibodies	Hemoptysis, Hematuria
		Cryoglobulinemic vasculitis^[33]	+/-	+/-	-	+	+/-	-	-	-	C4 component	Leukocytosis, Anemia	↑	ANA, hypocomplementemia	R/O underlying malignancy	Stenosis or occlusions of the visceral arteries	Bacterial endocarditis in echocardiography	Interstitial involvement or pleural effusions in CXR	HCV-associated proteins in vasculitic skin, Intraluminal cryoglobulin deposits	Histological confirmation	Acrocyanosis, Retinal hemorrhage, Purpura
		Hepatitis C virus-associated cryoglobulinemic vasculitis^[34]	+/-	+/-	+	+	-	-	+	+/-	HCV RNA, Cryoglobulins	Leukocytosis, Anemia	↑	↓Serum C4, Positive RF	Increased hepatic echogenicity	-	Hepatomegaly, Splenomegaly	Increased hepatic echogenicity in MRI	Vasculitic skin, Antigen infilteration in lesions	HCV RNA, Histological confirmation	Palpable purpura, Microscopic hematuria
		IgA vasculitis (Henoch-Schönlein purpura)^[35]	-	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	IgA	Normochromic anemia, Leukocytosis	↑	Stool OB, ↓C3, ↓C4	-	-	Increased bowel wall thickness, hematomas, peritoneal fluid, and intussusception	Dilated loops of bowel consistent in abdominal X-ray	Leukocytoclastic vasculitis in postcapillary venules with IgA deposition	History and physical examination	Hematuria, Palpable purpura
		Hypocomplementemic urticarial vasculitis (anti-C1q vasculitis)^[36]	-	-	+/-	+	-	-	-	-	C1q	Mild anemia	↑	ANA, ↓C1q, ↓C3, ↓C4	-	-	Hepatomegaly, Splenomegaly	-	Deposits of immunoglobulins, complement, or fibrin around blood vessels	Urticaria, Histological confirmation	Urticaria, Hematuria
	Gastrointestinal disease	Acute mesenteric ischemia^[37]	-	+/-	-	-	-	-	-	-	I-FABP, Alpha-GST, Ischemia-modified albumin (IMA)	Leukocytosis, ↑HCT	-	↑Amylase	Bowel wall thickening, Intestinal pneumatosis, Portomesenteric thrombosis	Mesenteric venous thrombosis	Arterial stenosis or occlusion of the celiac or superior mesenteric arteries in duplex ultrasound	Ileus with distended loops of bowel, Bowel wall thickening in abdominal X-ray	Superficial mucosal hemorrhage, edema and necrosis	History and physical examination	Abdominal pain, Distension, Absent bowel sounds
	Cardiovascular disease	Infective Endocarditis^[38]	+	+	+	-	-	-	-	+	NT-proBNP	Normochromic-normocytic anemia	↑	Hyperglobulinemia, Cryoglobulinemia	Metastatic infections, such as splenic infarct, renal infarcts, or psoas abscess	-	Vegetation, abscess, or new dehiscence of a prosthetic valvein echocardiography	Vertebral osteomyelitis in MRI	Vegetation or intracardiac abscess demonstrating active endocarditis	Echocardiography (TTE)	Janeway lesions, Osler nodes, Roth spots, Vertebral osteomyelitis
	Cardiovascular disease	Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis^[39]	+	-	-	+	-	-	-	+	IgM, IgA, IgG	Leukocytosis, Anemia	↑	Hypocomplementemia	-	Vascular stenosis and obstruction in visceral angiography	-	-	Perivascular inflammatory infiltrate of neutrophils with leukocytoclasia (releasing nuclear debris)	Histological confirmation	Palpable purpura, Petechiae
	Pulmonary disease	Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis^[40]	+/-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	CD1a, CD207,BRAF-V600E	Anemia	↑	Hypercalcemia	Pulmonary cysts and nodules, Bone lytic lesions	-	Hepatomegaly, Splenomegaly	Cerebellum and pons hyperintensity in MRI	Birbeck granules by electron microscopy	Histological confirmation	Brown to purplish papules, Eczematous rash
		Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer^[41]	-	+/-	+	-	-	-	-	+/-	EGFR, ROS1, EML4-ALK, PD-L1	Leukocytosis, Anemia	↑	Hypercalcemia, Hyponatremia	Pulmonary lesion or mass	-	Pulmonary marginal lesions	Staging and response to treatment in PET-CT	Adenocarcinoma, Squamous cell carcinoma	High resolution CT-scan	Cough, Hemoptysis
		Small Cell Lung Cancer^[42]	-	+/-	+	-	-	-	-	+/-	p53, Thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF1)	Anemia	↑	Hyponatremia	Large hilar mass with bulky mediastinal adenopathy	-	Endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS)	Standard staging	Spindled cells with dark nuclei, scant cytoplasm, and fine, granular nuclear chromatin	High resolution CT-scan	Cough, Hemoptysis
		Pulmonary Infarction^[43]	+/-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	D-dimer	Mild leukocytosis, Mild anemia	-	Hypoxemia, Hypocarbia or Hypercarbia, Respiratory alkalosis	Pulmonary embolism	Low-density filling defect within the pulmonary artery	Pericardial effusion in echocardiography	Pulmonary infiltrates, atelectasis, and pleural effusions in CXR	Infarct induced apoptosis	Pulmonary artery angiography	Cough, Hemoptysis
	Renal disease	Acute Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis^[44]	-	-	-	+	-	-	+	+/-	Antistreptolysin-O (ASO) titers	Leukocytosis	↑	Hypocomplementemia	-	-	Normal to slightly enlarged kidneys	Central venous congestion in a hilar pattern in CXR	Hypercellularity of endothelial and mesangial cells, Infiltration of the glomerular tuft with polymorphonuclear cells	Histological confirmation	Hematuria
	Hematologic disease	Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome^[45]	+	+	-	+	-	-	+	+	C5b-9, ADAMTS13	Anemia, Thrombocytopenia, Reticulocytosis	↑	↑Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), Hypercalcemia	Thalami, brainstem, or cerebellum abnormality	Cerebral microangiopathy or hypertension	Hypoechoic kidney	Abnormal hyperintensity in the brain cisterns in MRI	Microthromboses include fibrin thrombi that may occlude the glomerular tuft	Clinical findings coupled with laboratory abnormalities	Hematuria, Proteinuria
		Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)^[46]	+	+	+	+	+/-	-	-	+/-	CD5, CD19, CD20, IgV_H	Absolute lymphocytosis, Smudge cells	↑	Flow cytometry	Staging	-	-	-	Large atypical cells, cleaved cells, and prolymphocytes	Chromosomal and genetic testing	Easy bruising
		Multiple Myeloma^[47]	+	-	+	+	+	+	+/-	+/-	Ig light chain	Anemia, Thrombocytopenia, Leukopenia	↑	Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy, ↑Cr	Osseous involvement and lytic lesions	Peripheral zone of increased vascularity in lesions	-	Punched-out lesion in skull X-ray	Clonal proliferation of plasma cells	Protein electrophoresis plus conventional X-rays	Constipation
		Hypereosinophilic Syndrome^[48]	+/-	+/-	-	-	-	-	-	-	IgE, CD117 with CD2	Eosinophilia	-	↑Serum tryptase	Lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly	-	Intracardiac thrombi in echocardiography	-	Reticulin stain for myelofibrosis and tryptase staining for mast cells	Clinical findings coupled with laboratory abnormalities	Splinter hemorrhages, Raynaud phenomenon
		Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma^[49]	+	+	+	+	+/-	+/-	+/-	+/-	MYC, BCL2, BCL6, and TP53	Lymphocytosis, Anemia, Thrombocytopenia	↑	↑Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), Hypercalcemia	Enlarged lymph nodes, Hepatosplenomegaly, Filling defects in the liver and spleen	-	Hepatosplenomegaly	Mediastinal lymphadenopathy	Small cleaved or noncleaved, intermediate, or large cell with a follicular or diffuse pattern	Surgically excised tissue biopsy	Easy bruising, Testicular mass, Skin lesion
		Serum Sickness^[50]	+	+	-	+/-	+/-	-	-	+/-	IL-1, IL-6, TNF	Leukopenia	↑	Polyclonal gammopathy, ↑Cr, Cryoglobulinemia	-	-	-	-	Arteritic lesions are focal, necrotizing, and inflammatory involving all layers of the artery	Clinical findings coupled with laboratory abnormalities	Hematuria, Skin rash
		Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation^[51]	+/-	+	-	+/-	-	-	+	+	Fibrin degradation product (FDP)	Thrombocytopenia, Schistocytes	↑	↑D-dimer, aPTT and PT	Intracranial hemorrhage	-	-	-	Ischemia and necrosis due to fibrin deposition in small and medium-sized vessels	Clinical findings coupled with laboratory abnormalities	Acral cyanosis, Hemorrhagic skin infarctions
		Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura^[52]	+	+/-	-	+	-	-	-	+	FC gamma receptors (FCGR) IIb	Anemia, Thrombocytopenia	-	HIV, ANA	R/O other causes	-	R/O splenomegaly	-	Increased number of normal morphologic megakaryocytes	Clinical findings coupled with thrombocytopenia	Easy bruising, Purpura
	Systemic disease	Sarcoidosis^[53]	+	+	+	+	-	-	-	+/-	IL-2 and IFN-γ	Mild anemia	↑	↑ACE, ↑1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D	Active alveolitis or fibrosis	-	Hepatosplenomegaly	Bilateral hilar adenopathy	Noncaseating granulomas (NCGs)	Histological confirmation	Heart block, Ocular lesion
		Legionella Infection^[54]	+	+	+	+	-	-	-	+/-	Inflammatory cytokines	Leukocytosis with left shift, Thrombocytosis	↑	↑D-dimer, FDP, Hyponatremia	Pleural effusion	-	-	Nonspecific and indistinguishable CXR	Intra-alveolar inflammation, Microabscesses in the parenchyma	Sputum culture	Cough, Diarrhea
		Systemic lupus erythematosus^[55]	+	+	+	+	-	-	+	+	Anti dsDNA, ANA	Leukopenia, Lymphopenia, Anemia, Thrombocytopenia	↑	↑Cr or BUN, ↑ALT or AST, Proteinuria	Interstitial lung disease, Pneumonitis, Pulmonary emboli, Alveolar hemorrhage	Aneurysms	Pericardial effusion, pulmonary hypertension, or verrucous Libman-Sacks endocarditis in echocardiography	Central nervous system (CNS) lupus white-matter changes in MRI	Staging lupus nephritis	Anti-dsDNA antibody test	Skin rashes or photosensitivity
		Rheumatoid arthritis^[56]	-	-	+	+	+	+	-	-	RF, Anti-CCP antibody	Anemia	↑	↑Cr or BUN, ↑ALT or AST, ANA	Microfractures	Aneurysms	Effusions in joints	Basilar invagination with cranial migration of an eroded odontoid peg in MRI	Influx of inflammatory cells into the synovial membrane, with angiogenesis, proliferation of chronic inflammatory cells	Clinical findings coupled anti-CCP antibody	Rheumatoid nodules
		Relapsing polychondritis^[57]	-	+/-	+/-	+	+	-	-	-	-	Leukocytosis, Anemia	-	Cryoglobulins, ANA, C-ANCA	Calcification of cartilaginous structures	Aortic root dilatation	Aortic root dilatation and degree of aortic regurgitation in echocardiography	Tracheal stenosis in CXR	Chondrolysis, Chondritis, Perichondritis	Clinical findings coupled with imaging	Ear pain and redness, Polyarthritis
Diseases			Headache	Fever	Weight loss	Arthralgia	Claudication	Bruit	HTN	Focal neurological disorder	Biomarker	CBC	ESR	Other	CT scan	Angiography	Ultrasound/ Echocardiography	Other	Histopathology	Gold standard	Additional findings
Variable-vessel vasculitis	Behçet’s syndrome^[58]		-	-	-	+	-	-	+/-	-	CXCL1	Mild anemia, Neutrophilia	↑	Factor V Leiden	Focal CNS lesions	Aneurysm formation and thrombosis areas	Valve vegetations and ventricular thrombi in echocardiography	Meningoencephalitis in MRI	Lymphocytic and plasma cell invasion in the prickle cell layer of the epidermis	Clinical criteria	Genital ulcerations, Oral ulceration
	Cogan's syndrome^[59]		+/-	-	-	+/-	-	-	-	+	Anti-Hsp70 antibodies	Anemia, Thrombocytosis	↑	RF, ANA	Thickening and enhancement of both posterior sclera	Stenosis, thrombosis or more lesions in aortic root	Aortic insufficiency in echocardiography	Early interstitial keratitis by slit lamp	Muscle necrosis and atrophy resembling myositis	-	Red eye, Hearing loss, Vertigo
	Gastrointestinal disease	Inflammatory Bowel Disease^[60]	+/-	+	+	+	+	-	-	-	Anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibody (ASCA), P-ANCA	Leukocytosis, Anemia	↑	Iron or vitamin deficiency, Stool OB	Mesenteric fat stranding, bowel wall enhancement, increased vascularity (comb sign)	-	Fistulas, Abscesses, Stenosis	Grossly denuded mucosa with active bleeding in colonoscopy	Crypt abscesses and mucosal ulceration, Granulomas	Endoscopy	GI bleeding
		Whipple's disease^[61]	+	+/-	+	+	+	+	+	+	CCR6, Gut-homing marker integrin β7-chain, T whippelii DNA	Mild anemia, Neutrophilia	↑	72-hour fecal fat determination	Nonspecific malabsorption	-	Hepatosplenomegaly	-	Periodic acid-Schiff–positive macrophages infiltration in lamina propria of the small bowel	Broad-spectrum PCR amplifications	Cachexia, Glossitis
		Sjögren's syndrome^[62]	-	-	+/-	+	-	-	-	-	Anti-Ro and Anti-La, Anti-alpha-fodrin antibody	Anemia, Leukopenia, Eosinophilia	↑	Hypergammaglobulinemia, Low bicarbonate level, Hypokalemia	Salt and pepper or honeycomb appearance in parotid glands	-	Multicystic or reticular pattern in atrophic salivary gland	R/O obstructions or strictures with Sialography	Focal aggregates of lymphocytes	Schirmer test	Keratoconjunctivitis, Gingival inflammation
Single-organ vasculitis	Primary central nervous system vasculitis^[63]		+	+	+	-	+	-	+	+	von Willebrand factor antigen (vWF)	Normal	-	CSF pleocytosis, predominantly lymphocytes	Cerebral infarcts or hemorrhages with mass effect, or hydrocephalus	Aneurysm in circle of Willis	-	Progression of the disease or response to therapy in MRI	Chronic granulomatous inflammation and giant cells	Histological confirmation	Skin rash, Purpura
	Infectious disease	Aspergillosis^[64]	+	+	+	-	-	-	-	+	Aspergillus nucleic acid in blood, Galactomannan	Eosinophilia	↑	↑Serum IgE	Aspergilloma mass within a cavity	Mass effect stenosis	-	Aspergilloma mass within the brain in MRI	Septate hyphae, branching at acute angles, and tissue necrosis with granulomata and blood vessel invasion	Histological confirmation	Hemoptysis, Aspergilloma
		Histoplasmosis^[65]	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	+	-	Mild anemia	↑	↑ALP, ↑LDH	Cerebral histoplasmosis	-	Valvular involvement in echocardiography	PFT	Presence of yeast forms in tissue through hematoxylin and eosin staining	Sputum cultures	Pneumonia, Mediastinitis
		Herpes Simplex Encephalitis^[66]	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	+	HSV DNA	Mild lymphocytosis	↑	CSF pleocytosis	Low-density lesions in the temporal and/or frontal lobe	-	-	Hemorrhagic lesion in white matter	Multinuclear giant cells	PCR or brain biopsy	Seizures, Vomiting
	Systemic disease	Eclampsia^[67]	+	+	-	+	-	-	+	+	VEGF, PlGF, Soluble FLT-1	Anemia, Thrombocytopenia, Schistocytes	-	↑Bilirubin, ↓Haptoglobin, ↑LDH, ↑Cr	Cortical hypodense areas in the occipital lobes, Diffuse cerebral edema	-	Poor fetal growth, Oligohydramnios, Abnormal umbilical artery	Increased signal at the gray-white matter junction in MRI	-	24-hour urine study	Seizure, Edema
	Systemic disease	Fibromuscular dysplasia^[6]	+	-	+/-	+	+	+	+	+/-	Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β)	Normal	↑	↑ Cr or BUN	Alternating stenosis and dilatations in CT angiography	Stenosis in the renal arteries	Luminal narrowing alternating with dilatation (Beads sign)	Focal concentric, long-segment tubular stenosis or outpouching in MRA	Fibrodysplastic changes, Collagen deposition	Digital subtraction angiography (DSA)	Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD)

References

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Template:WH Template:WS

[pmid23626437-1] Vaideeswar P, Deshpande JR (2013). "Pathology of Takayasu arteritis: A brief review". Ann Pediatr Cardiol. 6 (1): 52–8. doi:10.4103/0974-2069.107235. PMC 3634248. PMID 23626437.

[pmid13679546-2] Calvo-Romero JM (2003). "Giant cell arteritis". Postgrad Med J. 79 (935): 511–5. PMC 1742823. PMID 13679546.

[pmid20557771-3] Stafa A, Leonardi M (2008). "Role of neuroradiology in evaluating cerebral aneurysms". Interv Neuroradiol. 14 Suppl 1: 23–37. doi:10.1177/15910199080140S106. PMC 3328052. PMID 20557771.

[pmid28512424-4] Cassiman C, Casteels I, Stalmans P, Legius E, Jacob J (2017). "Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography of Retinal Microvascular Changes Overlying Choroidal Nodules in Neurofibromatosis Type 1". Case Rep Ophthalmol. 8 (1): 214–220. doi:10.1159/000469702. PMC 5422752. PMID 28512424.

[Evans2000-5] Evans, D G. R (2000). "Neurofibromatosis type 2". Journal of Medical Genetics. 37 (12): 897–904. doi:10.1136/jmg.37.12.897. ISSN 1468-6244.

[pmid17555581-6] 6.0 ^6.1 Plouin PF, Perdu J, La Batide-Alanore A, Boutouyrie P, Gimenez-Roqueplo AP, Jeunemaitre X (2007). "Fibromuscular dysplasia". Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2: 28. doi:10.1186/1750-1172-2-28. PMC 1899482. PMID 17555581.

[pmid27824552-7] Gazit Y, Jacob G, Grahame R (2016). "Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome-Hypermobility Type: A Much Neglected Multisystemic Disorder". Rambam Maimonides Med J. 7 (4). doi:10.5041/RMMJ.10261. PMC 5101008. PMID 27824552.

[pmid18390527-8] Michet CJ, Matteson EL (2008). "Polymyalgia rheumatica". BMJ. 336 (7647): 765–9. doi:10.1136/bmj.39514.653588.80. PMC 2287267. PMID 18390527.

[pmid23227278-9] Baker KR, Rice L (2012). "The amyloidoses: clinical features, diagnosis and treatment". Methodist Debakey Cardiovasc J. 8 (3): 3–7. PMC 3487569. PMID 23227278.

[pmid25770638-10] Howard T, Ahmad K, Swanson JA, Misra S (2014). "Polyarteritis nodosa". Tech Vasc Interv Radiol. 17 (4): 247–51. doi:10.1053/j.tvir.2014.11.005. PMC 4363102. PMID 25770638.

[pmid25755502-11] Sharma A, Sharma K (September 2013). "Hepatotropic viral infection associated systemic vasculitides-hepatitis B virus associated polyarteritis nodosa and hepatitis C virus associated cryoglobulinemic vasculitis". J Clin Exp Hepatol. 3 (3): 204–12. doi:10.1016/j.jceh.2013.06.001. PMC 4216827. PMID 25755502.

[pmid21447126-12] Takahashi K, Oharaseki T, Yokouchi Y (2011). "Pathogenesis of Kawasaki disease". Clin Exp Immunol. 164 Suppl 1: 20–2. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2249.2011.04361.x. PMC 3095860. PMID 21447126.

[pmid12097253-13] Heegaard ED, Brown KE (2002). "Human parvovirus B19". Clin Microbiol Rev. 15 (3): 485–505. PMC 118081. PMID 12097253.

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-{{Infobox_Disease |
+__NOTOC__
-  Name           = {{PAGENAME}} |
+{| class="infobox" style="float:right;"
-  Image          = Acute vasculitis due to transplant rejection 2.jpg|
+|-
-  Caption        = Kidney: Transplant: Micro H&E high mag excellent example acute vasculitis due to rejection <br> <small> [http://www.peir.net Image courtesy of Professor Peter Anderson DVM PhD and published with permission © PEIR, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Pathology] </small>|
+| [[File:Siren.gif|30px|link=Vasculitis resident survival guide]]|| <br> || <br>
-  DiseasesDB     = 13750 |
+| [[Vasculitis resident survival guide|'''Resident'''<br>'''Survival'''<br>'''Guide''']]
-  ICD10          = |
+|}
-  ICD9           = {{ICD9|447.6}} |
+{{Vasculitis}}
-  ICDO           = |
+{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{EG}}
-  OMIM           = |
-  MedlinePlus    = |
-  eMedicineSubj  = |
-  eMedicineTopic = |
-  MeshID         = D014657 |
-}}
-{{SI}}
-{{CMG}}
-'''Associate Editor-In-Chief:''' {{MUT}}
-{{Editor Join}}
 ==Overview==
+Vasculitis means [[inflammation]] of a [[blood vessel]]. Vasculitis is classified based on the size of vessels which are involved. Large sized-vessel vasculitis mostly happens in major vessels of the body, such as [[Takayasu's Arteritis]] and [[Temporal arteritis|temporal Arteritis]]. Medium sized-vessel vasculitis includes [[Kawasaki's Disease]] and [[Polyarteritis Nodosa]]. Small sized-vessel vasculitis commonly manifests as skin lesions and includes [[Churg-Strauss Syndrome]], [[leukocytoclastic vasculitis]], [[Henoch-Schonlein Purpura]], and [[Wegener's Granulomatosis]]. Variable sized-vessel vasculitis are [[Sjogren syndrome]] and [[Cogan syndrome]]. Single organ vasculitis is basically primary [[central nervous system]] angiitis. As the affected vessels are vary in size, the affected organs could be different among patients which leads to different disease presentation and severities. This spectrum of diseases could be primary or secondary to another conditions like [[sepsis]]. A high degree of level of suspicious is necessary when encounter a patients with appropriate clinical manifestation to lead to final diagnosis. Diagnosis is based on a combination of clinical scenario, lab findings, and imaging findings. Although the definite diagnostic modality is tissue biopsy and microscopic findings. The diseases course could be acute although they usually presents with constitutional symptoms and chronic progression. Treatment of vasculitis depends on the disease severity consists of applying immunosuppressant agents to induce the remission and maintain the the disease course under control.
+== Classification ==
-'''Vasculitis''' (plural: ''vasculitides''), a group of diseases featuring [[inflammation]] of the wall of [[blood vessel]]s including veins ([[phlebitis]]), arteries ([[arteritis]]) and capillaries due to [[leukocyte]] migration and resultant damage. While most vasculitides are rare, they generally affect several organ systems and can cause severe disability.
+=== '''Large-sized vessel''' vasculitis ===
+*[[Takayasu's Arteritis]]
+*[[Temporal Arteritis]]
-==Classification==
+=== '''Medium-sized vessel''' vasculitis ===
-Vasculitides can be classified by the size of the blood vessel that they predominantly affect.<ref name="pmid8129773">{{cite journal |author=Jennette JC, Falk RJ, Andrassy K, ''et al'' |title=Nomenclature of systemic vasculitides. Proposal of an international consensus conference |journal=Arthritis Rheum. |volume=37 |issue=2 |pages=187-92 |year=1994 |pmid=8129773 |doi=}}</ref>
+*[[Kawasaki's Disease]]
+*[[Polyarteritis Nodosa]]
-===Large vessel vasculitis===
+=== '''Small-sized vessel''' vasculitis ===
-'''[[Takayasu arteritis]]'''. Primarily affects the [[aorta]] and its main branches. At least 3 out of 6 criteria yields sensitivity and specificity of 90.5 and 97.8%:
+*[[Churg-Strauss Syndrome]]
+*[[Leukocytoclastic vasculitis|Cutaneous leukocytoclastic vasculitis]]
+*[[Essential cryoglobulinemic vasculitis]]
+*[[Henoch-Schonlein Purpura]]
+*[[Microscopic polyangiitis]]
+*[[Wegener's Granulomatosis]]
-* Onset < 40 years
+=== Variable-sized '''vessel''' vasculitis ===
-* [[Claudication]] of extremities
+* [[Sjogren syndrome]]
-* Decreased pulsation of one or both [[brachial|brachial arteries]]
+* [[Cogan syndrome]]
-* At least 10 mmHg [[cardiac cycle|systolic]] difference in both arms
-* [[Bruit]] over one or both [[carotid arteries]] or abdominal aorta
-* Arteriographic narrowing of [[aorta]], its primary branches, or large arteries in upper or lower extremities
-----
+=== Single organ vasculitis ===
+* Primary [[central nervous system]] angiitis
-'''[[temporal arteritis|Giant cell (temporal) arteritis]]'''. Chronic vasculitis of both large and medium vessels, primarily affecting cranial branches of the arteries arising from the aortic arch. At least 3 out of 5 criteria yields sensitivity and specificity of 95 and 91%:
+== Causes in Alphabetical Order ==
-* Age at onset ≥ 50 years
+Vasculitis could be a primary disorder or secondary to an underlying condition. Following is a list of common causes of underlying diseases or drugs that may lead to vasculitis syndrome:
-* New onset [[headache]] with localized tenderness
+* [[Allopurinol]]
-* [[Temporal artery]] tenderness or decreased pulsation
+* [[Amantadine]]
-* Elevated [[ESR]] ≥ 50 mm/hour Westergren
+* [[Anti-cardiolipin antibodies]]
-* Temporal artery biopsy showing vasculitis with [[mononuclear cell]] infiltrate or granulomatous inflammation, usually with multinucleated giant cells
+* [[Arthus reaction]]
+* [[Bazin disease]]
+* [[Behcet's disease]]
+* [[Benzylthiouracil]]
+* [[Buerger's disease]]
+* [[Acquired C1-esterase inhibitor deficiency|C1 esterase inhibitor (C1-INH) deficiency]]
+* [[Cefaclor]]
+* [[Cholesterol embolism]]
+* [[Cocaine]]
+* [[Cryoglobulinemia]]
+* [[Cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita]]
+* [[Cytarabine]]
+* [[Degos disease]]
+* [[Tetanus and Diphtheria Vaccine|Diptheria & tetanus vaccine]]
+* [[Familial Mediterranean fever]]
+* [[Golfer's vasculitis]]
+* [[Hepatitis C]]
+* [[Hughes-Stovin syndrome]]
+* [[Hydralazine]]
+* [[Hypersensitivity vasculitis]]
+* [[Indinavir]]
+* [[Isoniazid]]
+* [[Isotretinoin]]
+* [[Janumet]] ([[sitagliptin]] and [[metformin]])
+* [[Juvenile dermatomyositis]]
+* [[Late congenital syphilitic oculopathy]]
+* [[Lepromatous leprosy]]
+* [[Livedoid vasculitis]]
+* [[Lung cancer]]
+* [[Methotrexate]]
+* [[Metolazone]]
+* [[Minocycline]]
+* [[Necrobiosis lipoidica]]
+* [[Neisseria meningiditis]]
+* [[Oxaprozin]]
+* [[Pancreatic cancer]]
+* [[Pancreatitis]]
+* [[Parvovirus B19 infection]]
+* [[Penicillamine]]
+* [[Pergolide]]
+* [[Phenytoin]]
+* [[Polychondritis]]
+* [[Polymyalgia rheumatica]]
+* [[Polymyositis]]
+* [[Propylthiouracil]]
+* [[Quinidine]]
+* [[Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis]]
+* [[Rheumatoid arthritis]]
+* [[Smoking]]
+* [[Sneddon syndrome]]
+* [[Streptococcus Group A]]
+* [[Sweet's syndrome]]
+* [[Systemic lupus erythematosus]]
+* [[Thromboangiitis obliterans]]
+* [[Trazodone]]
+* [[Treponema pallidum]]
+* [[Trovafloxacin mesylate]]
+* [[Tuberculosis]]
-----
+==Differentiating Vasculitis from Other Diseases ==
+* As vasculitis manifests in a variety of clinical forms, differentiation must be established in accordance with the particular subtype.
+** Large-sized vessel vasculitis must be differentiated from other diseases that cause major vessels [[inflammation]], such as [[Ehlers-Danlos syndrome]] and [[fibromuscular dysplasia]].
+** Medium-sized vessel vasculitis must be differentiated from other diseases that cause visceral vessels vasculitis, such as segmental [[arterial]] mediolysis and [[toxic epidermal necrolysis]].
+** Small-sized vessel vasculitis must be differentiated from other diseases that cause [[capillary]] inflammation and [[skin lesions]], such as [[diffuse intravascular coagulation]] and [[immune thrombocytopenic purpura]].
+** Single organ vasculitis must be differentiated from other diseases that cause [[Neurovascular bundle|neurovascular disorder]], such as [[eclampsia]] and [[histoplasmosis]].
-===Medium vessel vasculitis===
+=== '''To review the differential diagnosis of large-sized vessel vasculitis, [[Large-sized vessel vasculitis|click here]]'''. ===
-'''[[Polyarteritis nodosa]]'''. Systemic necrotizing vasculitis and [[aneurysm]] formation affecting both medium and small arteries. If only small vessels are affected, it is called microscopic polyangiitis, although it is more associated with [[Wegener's granulomatosis]] than to classic [[PAN]]. At least 3 out of 10 criteria yields sensitivity and specificity of 82 and 87%:
+'''''To review the differential diagnosis of large-sized vessel vasculitis with weight loss, [[Large-sized vessel vasculitis with weight loss|click here]]'''.''
-* Unexplained [[weight loss]] > 4 kg
+'''''To review the differential diagnosis of large-sized vessel vasculitis with arthralgia, [[Large-sized vessel vasculitis with arthralgia|click here]]'''.''
-* [[Livedo reticularis]]
-* [[Testicular pain]]
-* [[Myalgias]], [[weakness]]
-* [[Mononeuropathy]] or [[polyneuropathy]]
-* New onset diastolic blood pressure > 90 mmHg
-* Elevated serum [[BUN]] (> 40 mg/dL) or serum [[creatinine]] (> 1.5 mg/dL)
-* [[Hepatitis B infection]]
-* Arteriographic abnormalities
-* Arterial biopsy showing [[polymorphonuclear cells]]
-----
+'''''To review the differential diagnosis of large-sized vessel vasculitis with claudication, [[Large-sized vessel vasculitis with claudication|click here]]'''.''
-'''[[Wegener's granulomatosis]]'''. Systemic vasculitis of medium and small arteries, including venules and arterioles. Produces granulomatous inflammation of the respiratory tracts and necrotizing, pauci-immune glomerulonephritis. Most common cause of saddle nose deformity in USA (nose flattened due to destruction of nasal septum by granulomatous inflammation). Almost all patients with WG has c-ANCA, but not vice versa. Current treatment of choice is cyclophosphamide. At least 2 out of 4 criteria yields sensitivity and specificity of 88 and 92%.
+'''''To review the differential diagnosis of large-sized vessel vasculitis with hypertension, [[Large-sized vessel vasculitis with hypertension|click here]]'''.''
-* nasal or oral inflammation (oral ulcers or purulent/bloody nasal discharge, may be painful)
+=== '''To review the differential diagnosis of medium-sized vessel vasculitis, [[Medium-sized vessel vasculitis|click here]]'''. ===
-* abnormal CXR showing nodules, infiltrates, cavities
+'''''To review the differential diagnosis of medium-sized vessel vasculitis with headache, [[Medium-sized vessel vasculitis with headache|click here]]'''.''
-* microscopic hematuria or RBC casts
-* vessel biopsy shows granulomatous inflammation
-----
+'''''To review the differential diagnosis of medium-sized vessel vasculitis with fever, [[Medium-sized vessel vasculitis with fever|click here]]'''.''
-'''[[Kawasaki disease]]'''. Usually in children, it affects large, medium, and small vessels, prominently the coronary arteries. Associated with a mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome. Diagnosis requires fever lasting five days or more with at least 4 out of 5 criteria:
+'''''To review the differential diagnosis of medium-sized vessel vasculitis with weight loss, [[Medium-sized vessel vasculitis with weight loss|click here]]'''.''
-* bilateral conjunctival injection
+'''''To review the differential diagnosis of medium-sized vessel vasculitis with arthralgia, [[Medium-sized vessel vasculitis with arthralgia|click here]]'''.''
-* injected or fissured lips, injected pharynx, or strawberry tongue
-* erythema of palms/soles, edema of hands/feet, periungual desquamation
-* polymorphous rash
-* cervical lymphadenopathy (at least one node > 1.5 cm)
-----
+'''''To review the differential diagnosis of medium-sized vessel vasculitis with claudication, [[Medium-sized vessel vasculitis with claudication|click here]]'''.''
-'''Isolated CNS vasculitis'''. Affects medium and small arteries over a diffuse CNS area, without symptomatic extracranial vessel involvement. Patients have CNS symptoms as well as cerebral vasculitis by angiography and leptomeningeal biopsy.
+'''''To review the differential diagnosis of medium-sized vessel vasculitis with bruit, [[Medium-sized vessel vasculitis with bruit|click here]]'''.''
-===Small vessel vasculitis===
+'''''To review the differential diagnosis of medium-sized vessel vasculitis with hypertension, [[Medium-sized vessel vasculitis with hypertension|click here]]'''.''
-There are several vasculitides that affect small vessels.<ref name="pmid9366584">{{cite journal |author=Jennette JC, Falk RJ |title=Small-vessel vasculitis |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=337 |issue=21 |pages=1512-23 |year=1997 |pmid=9366584 |doi=}}</ref>
-'''[[Churg-Strauss syndrome|Churg-Strauss arteritis]]'''. Affects medium and small vessels with vascular and extravascular granulomatosis. Classically involves arteries of lungs and skin, but may be generalized.  At least 4 criteria yields sensitivity and specificity of 85 and 99.7%.
+'''''To review the differential diagnosis of medium-sized vessel vasculitis with focal neurological sign, [[Medium-sized vessel vasculitis with focal neurological sign|click here]]'''.''
-* [[Asthma]] (history of [[wheezing]] or presently wheezing)
+'''''To review the differential diagnosis of medium-sized vessel vasculitis with headache, fever, and focal neurological sign, [[Medium-sized vessel vasculitis with headache, fever, and focal neurological sign|click here]]'''.''
-* [[Eosinophilia]] > 10% on CBC
-* [[Mononeuropathy]] or [[polyneuropathy]]
-* Migratory or transient pulmonary opacities on [[CXR]]
-* [[Paranasal sinus]] abnormalities
-* Vessel biopsy showing eosinophils in extravascular areas
-'''[[microscopic polyangiitis|Microscopic polyarteritis/polyangiitis]]'''. Affects [[capillaries]], [[venules]], or [[arterioles]]. Thought to be part of a group that includes [[Wegeners]] since both are associated with [[ANCA]] and similar extrapulmonary manifestations. Patients do not usually have symptomatic or histologic respiratory involvement.
+'''''To review the differential diagnosis of medium-sized vessel vasculitis with headache, fever, weight loss, and arthralgia, [[Medium-sized vessel vasculitis with headache, fever, weight loss, and arthralgia|click here]]'''.''
-'''[[Hypersensitivity vasculitis]]'''. Usually due to a [[hypersensitivity]] reaction to a known drug. There is presence of skin vaculitis with palpable [[petechiae]] or [[purpura]]. Biopsy of these lesions reveal inflammation of the small vessels, termed leukocytoclastic vasculitis, which is most prominent in postcapillary venules. At least 3 out of 5 criteria yields sensitivity and specificity of 71 and 84%:
+'''''To review the differential diagnosis of medium-sized vessel vasculitis with headache, fever, weight loss, arthralgia, claudication, bruit, and hypertension, [[Medium-sized vessel vasculitis with headache, fever, weight loss, arthralgia, claudication, bruit, and hypertension|click here]]'''.''
-* Age > 16
+=== '''To review the differential diagnosis of small-sized vessel vasculitis, [[Small-sized vessel vasculitis|click here]]'''. ===
-* Use of possible triggering drug in relation to symptoms
+'''''To review the differential diagnosis of small-sized vessel vasculitis with headache, [[Small-sized vessel vasculitis with headache|click here]]'''.''
-* Palpable [[purpura]]
-* Maculopapular rash
-* Skin biopsy showing [[neutrophils]] around vessel
-'''[[Henoch-Schonlein purpura]]'''. Systemic vasculitis due to tissue deposition of [[IgA]]-containing immune complexes. Biopsy of lesions shows inflammation of small vessels. It is considered a form of hypersensitivity vasculitis but is distinguished by prominent deposits of IgA. This is the most common vasculitis in children. Presence of 3 or more criteria yielded sensitivity of 87% while less than 2 criteria yielded hypersensitivity vasculitis in 74%:
+'''''To review the differential diagnosis of small-sized vessel vasculitis with fever, [[Small-sized vessel vasculitis with fever|click here]]'''.''
-* Palpable [[purpura]] (usually of buttocks & legs)
+'''''To review the differential diagnosis of small-sized vessel vasculitis with weight loss, [[Small-sized vessel vasculitis with weight loss|click here]]'''.''
-* [[Mesenteric ischemia]]
-* [[GI bleed]]
-* [[Hematuria]]
-* Onset < 20 years
-* No new medications
-'''[[Essential cryoglobulinemic vasculitis]]'''. Most often due to [[hepatitis C infection]], immune complexes of [[cryoglobulins]] --- proteins that consists of [[immunoglobulins]] and [[complement]] and precipitate in the cold while dissolving upon rewarming --- are deposited in walls of capillaries, venules, or arterioles. Therefore, complement will be low with histology showing vessel inflammation with immune deposits.
+'''''To review the differential diagnosis of small-sized vessel vasculitis with arthralgia, [[Small-sized vessel vasculitis with arthralgia|click here]]'''.''
-'''Vasculitis secondary to connective tissue disorders'''. Usually secondary to [[lupus erythematosus| systemic lupus erythematosus]] (SLE), [[rheumatoid arthritis]] (RA), relapsing [[polychondritis]], [[Behcet's disease]], and other connective tissue disorders.
+'''''To review the differential diagnosis of small-sized vessel vasculitis with claudication, [[Small-sized vessel vasculitis with claudication|click here]]'''.''
-'''Vasculitis secondary to viral infection'''. Usually due to [[hepatitis B]] and C, [[HIV]], [[cytomegalovirus]], [[Epstein-Barr virus]], and [[Parvo B19 virus]].
+'''''To review the differential diagnosis of small-sized vessel vasculitis with hypertension, [[Small-sized vessel vasculitis with hypertension|click here]]'''.''
-==Symptoms and signs==
+'''''To review the differential diagnosis of small-sized vessel vasculitis with focal neurological sign, [[Small-sized vessel vasculitis with focal neurological sign|click here]]'''.''
-Patients usually present with systemic symptoms with single or multiorgan dysfunction. Common (and nonspecific) complaints include fatigue, weakness, fever, arthralgias, abdominal pain, hypertension, renal insufficiency, and neurologic dysfunction. The following symptoms should raise a strong suspicion of a vasculitis:
-*'''[[Mononeuritis multiplex]]'''. Also known as asymmetric polyneuropathy is highly suggestive of vasculitis, since diabetes is the only other cause of this.
+'''''To review the differential diagnosis of small-sized vessel vasculitis with fever and headache, [[Small-sized vessel vasculitis with fever and headache|click here]]'''.''
-*'''Palpable purpura'''. If patients have this in isolation, it is most likely due to cutaneous leukocytoclastic vasculitis. If the purpura is in combination with systemic organ involvement, it is most likely to be Henoch-Schonlein purpura or microscopic polyarteritis.
+'''''To review the differential diagnosis of small-sized vessel vasculitis with fever and weight loss, [[Small-sized vessel vasculitis with fever and weight loss|click here]]'''.''
-*'''Pulmonary-Renal'''. Patients with hemoptysis and renal involvement are likely to have [[Wegener's granulomatosis]], [[microscopic polyangiitis]], or anti-GBM disease ([[Goodpasture's syndrome]]).
+'''''To review the differential diagnosis of small-sized vessel vasculitis with fever and arthralgia, [[Small-sized vessel vasculitis with fever and arthralgia|click here]]'''.''
-==Diagnosis==
+'''''To review the differential diagnosis of small-sized vessel vasculitis with fever and claudication, [[Small-sized vessel vasculitis with fever and claudication|click here]]'''.''
-A detailed history is important to elicit any recent medications, any risk of [[hepatitis]] infection, or any recent diagnosis with a connective tissue disorder such as [[lupus erythematosus| systemic lupus erythematosus]] ([[SLE]]). A thorough physical exam is needed as usual.
-*'''Lab tests'''. Basic lab tests may include a CBC, chem-7 (look for creatinine), muscle enzyme, liver function tests, ESR, hepatitis seroloties, urinalysis, CXR, and EKG. Additional, more specific tests include:
+'''''To review the differential diagnosis of small-sized vessel vasculitis with fever and focal neurological sign, [[Small-sized vessel vasculitis with fever and focal neurological sign|click here]]'''.''
-** [[Antinuclear antibody]] (ANA) test can detect an underlying connective tissue disorder, especially [[lupus erythematosus| SLE]]
-** Complement levels that are low can suggest mixed cryoglobulinemia, hepatitis C infection, and [[lupus erythematosus| SLE]], but not most other vasculitides.
-** [[Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody]] ([[ANCA]]) may highly suggest [[Wegener's granulomatosis]], [[microscopic polyangiitis]], [[Churg-Strauss syndrome]], or drug-induced vasculitis, but is not diagnostic.
-*'''[[Electromyography]]'''. It is useful if a systemic vasculitis is suspected and neuromuscular symptoms are present.
+'''''To review the differential diagnosis of small-sized vessel vasculitis with fever, weight loss, and arthralgia, [[Small-sized vessel vasculitis with fever, weight loss, and arthralgia|click here]]'''.''
-*'''[[Arteriography]]'''. Arteriograms are helpful in vasculitis affecting the large and medium vessels but not helpful in small vessel vasculitis. Angiograms of mesenteri or renal arteries in polyarteritis nodosa may show aneurysms, occlusions, and vascular wall abnormalities. Arteriography are not diagnostic in itself if other accessible areas for biopsy are present. However, in Takayasu's arteritis, where the aorta may be involved, it is unlikely a biopsy will be successful and angiography can be diagnostic.
+'''''To review the differential diagnosis of small-sized vessel vasculitis with fever, weight loss, and focal neurological sign, [[Small-sized vessel vasculitis with fever, weight loss, and focal neurological sign|click here]]'''.''
-*'''Tissue biopsy'''. This is the gold standard of diagnosis when biopsy is taken from the most involved area.
+'''''To review the differential diagnosis of small-sized vessel vasculitis with fever, headache, weight loss, arthralgia, and claudication, [[Small-sized vessel vasculitis with fever, headache, weight loss, arthralgia, and claudication|click here]]'''.''
-==Pathological Findings==
+'''''To review the differential diagnosis of small-sized vessel vasculitis with fever, headache,weight loss, arthralgia, claudication, hypertension, and focal neurological sign, [[Small-sized vessel vasculitis with fever, headache,weight loss, arthralgia, claudication, hypertension, and focal neurological sign|click here]]'''.''
-[http://www.peir.net Images courtesy of Professor Peter Anderson DVM PhD and published with permission © PEIR, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Pathology]
+=== '''To review the differential diagnosis of variable-sized vessel vasculitis, [[Variable-sized vessel vasculitis|click here]]'''. ===
-<div align="left">
+=== '''To review the differential diagnosis of single organ vasculitis, [[Single organ vasculitis|click here]]'''. ===
-<gallery heights="175" widths="175">
+<span style="font-size:85%">'''Abbreviations:'''
-Image:Acute vasculitis due to transplant rejection 2.jpg|Kidney: Transplant: Micro H&E high mag excellent example acute vasculitis due to rejection
+ABG= [[Arterial blood gas]], ANA= [[Antinuclear antibody]], ANP= [[Atrial natriuretic peptide]], ASO= [[Antistreptolysin O|Antistreptolysin O antibody]], BNP= [[Brain natriuretic peptide]], CBC= [[Complete blood count]], COPD= [[Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease]], CRP= [[C-reactive protein]], CT= [[Computed tomography]], CXR= [[Chest X-ray]], DVT= [[Deep vein thrombosis]], ESR= [[Erythrocyte sedimentation rate]], HRCT= [[High Resolution CT]], IgE= [[Immunoglobulin E]], LDH= [[Lactate dehydrogenase]], PCWP= [[Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure]], PCR= [[Polymerase chain reaction]], PFT= [[Pulmonary function test]].</span>
-Image:Coronary artery vasculitis due to transplant rejection 1.jpg|Coronary artery: Transplant Rejection: Micro high mag H&E small muscular artery vasculitis
+<small><small><small>
-Image:Kidney petechia 1.jpg|Kidney: Petechiae: Gross natural color, an excellent example of flea bitten kidney case had necrotizing vasculitis
+{| style="border: 0px; font-size: 90%; margin: 3px;" align="center"
-</gallery>
+! colspan="3" rowspan="4" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Diseases
-</div>
+| colspan="8" rowspan="1" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |'''Clinical manifestations'''
+! colspan="9" rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Para-clinical findings
+| colspan="1" rowspan="4" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |'''Gold standard'''
+! rowspan="4" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Additional findings
+|-
+| colspan="5" rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |'''Symptoms'''
+! colspan="3" rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" | Physical examination
+|-
+! colspan="4" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Lab Findings
+! colspan="4" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Imaging
+! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Histopathology
+|-
+! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Headache
+! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" | Fever
+! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Weight loss
+! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Arthralgia
+! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Claudication
+! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Bruit
+! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |HTN
+! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Focal neurological disorder
+! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Biomarker
+! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |CBC
+! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |ESR
+! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Other
+! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |CT scan
+! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Angiography
+! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Ultrasound/ Echocardiography
+! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Other
+|-
+! rowspan="9" style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |Large-Vessel Vasculitis
+! colspan="2" style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Takayasu arteritis]]<ref name="pmid23626437">{{cite journal| author=Vaideeswar P, Deshpande JR| title=Pathology of Takayasu arteritis: A brief review. | journal=Ann Pediatr Cardiol | year= 2013 | volume= 6 | issue= 1 | pages= 52-8 | pmid=23626437 | doi=10.4103/0974-2069.107235 | pmc=3634248 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23626437  }}</ref>
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[MMP|MMP-3]] and [[Matrix metalloproteinase|MMP-9]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Leukocytosis]], [[Anemia]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑[[CRP]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Aneurysm|Aneurysmal dilatation]] of the [[aorta]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Blood vessel]] [[stenosis]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Circumferential thickening of the [[arterial]] wall (Macaroni sign)
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[PET scan|PET-scan]], [[Cardiac]] [[CT]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Granulomatous]] [[inflammation]] of [[arteries]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Arteriography]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Coronary aneurysm]]
+|-
+! colspan="2" style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Giant cell arteritis]]<ref name="pmid13679546">{{cite journal| author=Calvo-Romero JM| title=Giant cell arteritis. | journal=Postgrad Med J | year= 2003 | volume= 79 | issue= 935 | pages= 511-5 | pmid=13679546 | doi= | pmc=1742823 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=13679546  }}</ref>
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Pentraxin|Pentraxin 3 (PTX3)]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Normal
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑[[CRP]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Stenosis]], [[Occlusion]], [[Dilatation]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Aneurysm]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Mural [[inflammation]] in [[Magnetic resonance angiography|MRA]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Granulomatous]] [[inflammation]] of [[arteries]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Biopsy]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Jaw pain]] and [[Jaw claudication|claudication]]
+|-
+! rowspan="3" style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Neurological disease]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Cerebral aneurysm]]<ref name="pmid20557771">{{cite journal| author=Stafa A, Leonardi M| title=Role of neuroradiology in evaluating cerebral aneurysms. | journal=Interv Neuroradiol | year= 2008 | volume= 14 Suppl 1 | issue=  | pages= 23-37 | pmid=20557771 | doi=10.1177/15910199080140S106 | pmc=3328052 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20557771  }}</ref>
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Normal
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Normal
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Well-defined round, slightly hyperattenuating lesion
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Bulging out of the [[Lumen|main lumen]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Heterogeneous]] signal intensity in [[Magnetic resonance angiography|MRA]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Layers of [[smooth muscle cells]], Intact [[endothelium]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Digital subtraction angiography|Digital subtraction angiography (DSA)]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Nausea]], [[Vomiting]]
+|-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Neurofibromatosis type 1]]<ref name="pmid28512424">{{cite journal| author=Cassiman C, Casteels I, Stalmans P, Legius E, Jacob J| title=Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography of Retinal Microvascular Changes Overlying Choroidal Nodules in Neurofibromatosis Type 1. | journal=Case Rep Ophthalmol | year= 2017 | volume= 8 | issue= 1 | pages= 214-220 | pmid=28512424 | doi=10.1159/000469702 | pmc=5422752 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=28512424  }}</ref>
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[NF1|NF1 mutated gene]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Normal
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Normal
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Neurofibromin|Neurofibromin gene]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Bone disease|Bone abnormalities]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA)
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Optic nerve gliomas]] in [[MRI]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Elongated spindle-shaped [[cells]] in [[Neurofibroma|neurofibromas]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[National Institutes of Health|NIH]] [[diagnostic criteria]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Café au lait spot|Cafe au Lait spot]]
+|-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Neurofibromatosis type 2]]<ref name="Evans2000">{{cite journal|last1=Evans|first1=D G. R|title=Neurofibromatosis type 2|journal=Journal of Medical Genetics|volume=37|issue=12|year=2000|pages=897–904|issn=14686244|doi=10.1136/jmg.37.12.897}}</ref>
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[NF2 gene|NF2 mutated gene]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Normal
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Normal
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Merlin (protein)|Schwannomin]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Meningioma]], [[Schwannoma]], [[Ependymoma]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Fluorescein angiography]] showed [[retinal]] [[hamartoma]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Localized [[schwannomas]] in nerve [[ultrasound]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Schwannoma]] in [[MRI]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Encapsulated biphasic [[nerve sheath]] [[tumor]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[National Institutes of Health|NIH]] [[diagnostic criteria]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Hearing loss]], [[Vision loss]]
+|-
+! rowspan="4" style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Systemic disease]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Fibromuscular dysplasia]]<ref name="pmid17555581">{{cite journal| author=Plouin PF, Perdu J, La Batide-Alanore A, Boutouyrie P, Gimenez-Roqueplo AP, Jeunemaitre X| title=Fibromuscular dysplasia. | journal=Orphanet J Rare Dis | year= 2007 | volume= 2 | issue=  | pages= 28 | pmid=17555581 | doi=10.1186/1750-1172-2-28 | pmc=1899482 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17555581  }}</ref>
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Transforming growth factor β|Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β)]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Normal
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑ [[Creatinine|Cr]] or [[Blood urea nitrogen|BUN]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Alternating [[stenosis]] and [[Dilatation|dilatations]] in [[CT angiography]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Stenosis]] in the [[renal arteries]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Luminal narrowing alternating with [[dilatation]] (Beads sign)
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Focal [[concentric]], long-segment [[tubular]] [[stenosis]] or outpouching in [[MRA]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Fibrodysplastic changes, [[Collagen]] deposition
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Digital subtraction angiography|Digital subtraction angiography (DSA)]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Spontaneous coronary artery dissection|Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD)]]
+|-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Ehlers-Danlos syndrome]]<ref name="pmid27824552">{{cite journal| author=Gazit Y, Jacob G, Grahame R| title=Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome-Hypermobility Type: A Much Neglected Multisystemic Disorder. | journal=Rambam Maimonides Med J | year= 2016 | volume= 7 | issue= 4 | pages=  | pmid=27824552 | doi=10.5041/RMMJ.10261 | pmc=5101008 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27824552  }}</ref>
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[TGF-β]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Normal
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Normal
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Cultured skin [[fibroblasts]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Multiple [[vascular]] segments with [[aneurysms]] and [[dissections]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Dissection]] of the [[Circumflex branch of left coronary artery|posterolateral branch of the left circumflex coronary artery (LCx)]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Visceral]] [[arteries]] abnormality
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Vascular anomaly|Vascular abnormalities]] in [[MRA]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Thin and rare [[collagen]] bundles in the [[dermis]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |History and [[physical examination]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Bleeding]], [[Easy bruising|Bruisability]], [[Heart murmur]]
+|-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Polymyalgia rheumatica|Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR)]]<ref name="pmid18390527">{{cite journal| author=Michet CJ, Matteson EL| title=Polymyalgia rheumatica. | journal=BMJ | year= 2008 | volume= 336 | issue= 7647 | pages= 765-9 | pmid=18390527 | doi=10.1136/bmj.39514.653588.80 | pmc=2287267 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18390527  }}</ref>
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Fibrinogen|Plasma fibrinogen]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Normocytic normochromic anemia|Normocytic, normochromic anemia]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[CRP]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Odontoid process|Periodontoid]] localization of [[calcification]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Vessel wall]] thickening, Increased mural contrast enhancement
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Subacromial bursitis|Subacromial]] or subdeltoid [[bursitis]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |High [[Fluorescein sodium|F-FDG]] accumulation around the [[joints]] in [[Positron emission tomography|FDG PET-CT]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Small angular fibers, [[Pyknosis|Pyknotic]] [[nuclear]] clumps, or target-targetoid fibers
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Joint stiffness]], [[Fatigue]]
+|-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Amyloidosis]]<ref name="pmid23227278">{{cite journal| author=Baker KR, Rice L| title=The amyloidoses: clinical features, diagnosis and treatment. | journal=Methodist Debakey Cardiovasc J | year= 2012 | volume= 8 | issue= 3 | pages= 3-7 | pmid=23227278 | doi= | pmc=3487569 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23227278  }}</ref>
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Immunoglobulin light chains|Immunoglobulin light chain]][[Amyloid beta|(Amyloid)]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Anemia]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Normal
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑ [[Creatinine|Cr]] or [[Blood urea nitrogen|BUN]],
+↑ [[ALT]] or [[AST]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Diffusely hypoattenuating and enlarged [[liver]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Amyloid]] deposition in the media and [[adventitia]] of small arteries
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Solid organs increased [[echogenicity]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Tc-DPD for [[cardiac]] '''[[amyloid]]''' deposits
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Extracellular]] deposition of [[Fibrillarin|fibrillar proteins]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Biopsy]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Cardiomegaly]], [[Dyspnea]]
+|-
+! colspan="3" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Diseases
+! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Headache
+! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Fever
+! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Weight loss
+! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Arthralgia
+! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Claudication
+! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Bruit
+! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |HTN
+! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Focal neurological disorder
+! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Biomarker
+! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |CBC
+! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |ESR
+! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Other
+! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |CT scan
+! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Angiography
+! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Ultrasound/ Echocardiography
+! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Other
+! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Histopathology
+! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |'''Gold standard'''
+! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Additional findings
+|-
+! rowspan="18" style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |Medium-Vessel Vasculitis
+! colspan="2" style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Polyarteritis nodosa]]<ref name="pmid25770638">{{cite journal| author=Howard T, Ahmad K, Swanson JA, Misra S| title=Polyarteritis nodosa. | journal=Tech Vasc Interv Radiol | year= 2014 | volume= 17 | issue= 4 | pages= 247-51 | pmid=25770638 | doi=10.1053/j.tvir.2014.11.005 | pmc=4363102 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25770638  }}</ref>
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[LAMP2|LAMP-2 protein autoantibodies]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Leukocytosis]], [[Normochromic anemia]], [[Thrombocytosis]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑ [[Creatinine|Cr]] or [[Blood urea nitrogen|BUN]],
+↑ [[ALT]] or [[AST]], [[Proteinuria]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Focal regions of [[infarction]] or [[hemorrhage]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Multiple [[Aneurysm|microaneurysms]],  [[Hemorrhage]] due to focal [[rupture]], [[Occlusion]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Aneurysms]] and [[renal]] [[arteriovenous fistula]] in [[Doppler sonography|color Doppler sonography]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Necrotizing]] [[inflammatory]] lesions
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Angiography]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Sudden [[weight loss]], [[Abdominal pain]]
+|-
+! colspan="2" style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Hepatitis B virus]]-associated [[polyarteritis nodosa]]<ref name="pmid25755502">{{cite journal |vauthors=Sharma A, Sharma K |title=Hepatotropic viral infection associated systemic vasculitides-hepatitis B virus associated polyarteritis nodosa and hepatitis C virus associated cryoglobulinemic vasculitis |journal=J Clin Exp Hepatol |volume=3 |issue=3 |pages=204–12 |date=September 2013 |pmid=25755502 |pmc=4216827 |doi=10.1016/j.jceh.2013.06.001 |url=}}</ref>
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Hepatitis B surface antigen|HBsAg]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Leukocytosis]], [[Normochromic anemia]], [[Thrombocytosis]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑ [[ALT]] or [[AST]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Focal regions of [[infarction]] or [[hemorrhage]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Aneurysms|Microaneurysms]] in [[mesenteric artery]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Aneurysms]] and [[renal]] [[arteriovenous fistula]] in [[Doppler sonography|color Doppler sonography]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Necrotizing]] [[inflammatory]] lesions
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Angiography]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Peripheral neuropathy]], [[Livedo reticularis]]
+|-
+! colspan="2" style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Kawasaki disease]]<ref name="pmid21447126">{{cite journal| author=Takahashi K, Oharaseki T, Yokouchi Y| title=Pathogenesis of Kawasaki disease. | journal=Clin Exp Immunol | year= 2011 | volume= 164 Suppl 1 | issue=  | pages= 20-2 | pmid=21447126 | doi=10.1111/j.1365-2249.2011.04361.x | pmc=3095860 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=21447126  }}</ref>
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[NT-proBNP]], [[Meprin A]], [[Filamin A interacting protein 1 like|Filamin C]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Normochromic anemia]], ↑[[WBC]] with a [[left shift]], [[Thrombocytosis]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Acute phase reactant|Acute-phase reactants]], ↓[[Cholesterol]], ↓[[HDL]], ↓[[Apolipoprotein A1|ApolipoA]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Coronary artery]] [[Calcification|calcifications]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Coronary artery aneurysm|Coronary artery aneurysms]], [[Coronary artery stenosis|stenosis]] or [[Coronary artery anomaly|occlusion]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Coronary artery anomaly]] in [[echocardiography]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Electron beam tomography|Electron beam CT (EBCT)]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Acute destruction of the [[Tunica media|media]] by [[neutrophils]], with loss of [[elastic fibers]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |History and [[physical examination]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Diarrhea]], [[Vomiting]]
+|-
+! rowspan="10" style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Infectious disease]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Parvovirus B19 infection]]<ref name="pmid12097253">{{cite journal| author=Heegaard ED, Brown KE| title=Human parvovirus B19. | journal=Clin Microbiol Rev | year= 2002 | volume= 15 | issue= 3 | pages= 485-505 | pmid=12097253 | doi= | pmc=118081 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12097253  }}</ref>
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Parvovirus B19|B19]] [[DNA]], ↓[[Reticulocyte count]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Anemia]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |anti–[[parvovirus B19]] [[IgM]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Hydrops]] in fetal [[ultrasonography]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Parvovirus B19|B19]] [[DNA]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Purpura|Purpuric rash]], [[Erythema multiforme]]
+|-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Scarlet fever]]<ref name="pmid29081840">{{cite journal| author=Basetti S, Hodgson J, Rawson TM, Majeed A| title=Scarlet fever: a guide for general practitioners. | journal=London J Prim Care (Abingdon) | year= 2017 | volume= 9 | issue= 5 | pages= 77-79 | pmid=29081840 | doi=10.1080/17571472.2017.1365677 | pmc=5649319 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=29081840  }}</ref>
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Antistreptococcal antibodies|Antistreptolysin-O (ASO) titers]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Leukocytosis]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑[[CRP]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Thickened [[pulmonary]] markings if [[pneumonia]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Sparse [[Neutropenia|neutrophilic]] [[Perivascular cell|perivascular infiltrate]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |History and [[physical examination]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Sand-paper rashes, [[Sore throat]]
+|-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Toxic shock syndrome]]<ref name="pmid22180682">{{cite journal| author=Vostral SL| title=Rely and Toxic Shock Syndrome: a technological health crisis. | journal=Yale J Biol Med | year= 2011 | volume= 84 | issue= 4 | pages= 447-59 | pmid=22180682 | doi= | pmc=3238331 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22180682  }}</ref>
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Procalcitonin]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Leukocytosis]] with [[left shift]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Myoglobinuria]], [[Pyuria|Sterile pyuria]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Acute respiratory distress syndrome]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Necrosis|Necrolysis]] of [[keratinocytes]] in [[epidermis]],  Perivascular [[lymphocytic]] infiltrate
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Clinical criteria
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Peeling or [[rashes]], Organ dysfunction
+|-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Mononucleosis]]<ref name="pmid25774295">{{cite journal| author=Balfour HH, Dunmire SK, Hogquist KA| title=Infectious mononucleosis. | journal=Clin Transl Immunology | year= 2015 | volume= 4 | issue= 2 | pages= e33 | pmid=25774295 | doi=10.1038/cti.2015.1 | pmc=4346501 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25774295  }}</ref>
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Epstein Barr virus|EBV]] [[DNA]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Atypical lymphocyte]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Heterophile antibody test|Heterophile antibodies]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[CNS Disease|CNS involvement]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Splenomegaly]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Encephalitis]] in [[MRI]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Lymphoproliferative response]] in [[oropharynx]], [[Lymphocytic|Lymphocytic infiltration]] in [[spleen]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Heterophile antibody test]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Splenomegaly]], [[Palatal]] [[petechiae]]
+|-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Leptospirosis]]<ref name="pmid11292640">{{cite journal |vauthors=Levett PN |title=Leptospirosis |journal=Clin. Microbiol. Rev. |volume=14 |issue=2 |pages=296–326 |date=April 2001 |pmid=11292640 |pmc=88975 |doi=10.1128/CMR.14.2.296-326.2001 |url=}}</ref>
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Interleukin 6|IL-6]], [[IL-8]] and [[IL-10]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Anemia]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑[[Creatinine|Cr]] or [[Blood urea nitrogen|BUN]],
+↑[[ALT]] or [[AST]], [[Proteinuria]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Diffuse [[alveolar]] [[hemorrhage]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Toxin]]-mediated break down of [[endothelial cell]] membranes of [[capillaries]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Culture and the [[Agglutination|microscopic agglutination test]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Red eyes]], [[Skin rash]]
+|-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Lyme disease|Lyme Disease]]<ref name="pmid23319969">{{cite journal| author=Biesiada G, Czepiel J, Leśniak MR, Garlicki A, Mach T| title=Lyme disease: review. | journal=Arch Med Sci | year= 2012 | volume= 8 | issue= 6 | pages= 978-82 | pmid=23319969 | doi=10.5114/aoms.2012.30948 | pmc=3542482 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23319969  }}</ref>
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[CXCL9|CXCL9 (MIG)]], [[CXCL10|CXCL10 (IP-10)]] and [[CCL19|CCL19 (MIP3B)]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Leukopenia]], [[Thrombocytopenia]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Microscopic hematuria]], [[Proteinuria]], ↑[[ALT]] or [[AST]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Punctate lesions in periventricular [[white matter]] in [[brain]] [[SPECT]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Serological testing|Serologic '''tests''']]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Erythema migrans]]
+|-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Measles]]<ref name="pmid22510638">{{cite journal| author=White SJ, Boldt KL, Holditch SJ, Poland GA, Jacobson RM| title=Measles, mumps, and rubella. | journal=Clin Obstet Gynecol | year= 2012 | volume= 55 | issue= 2 | pages= 550-9 | pmid=22510638 | doi=10.1097/GRF.0b013e31824df256 | pmc=3334858 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22510638  }}</ref>
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Measles]] [[Immunoglobulin M|IgM]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Leukopenia]], [[Lymphocytosis]], [[Thrombocytopenia]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑[[ALT]] or [[AST]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Pneumonia]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Chest X-ray|CXR]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Spongiosis and vesiculation in the [[epidermis]] with scattered dyskeratotic [[keratinocytes]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[PCR]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Rash|Generalized rash]], [[Cough]], [[Coryza]], or [[Conjunctivitis]]
+|-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever]]<ref name="pmid2504480">{{cite journal| author=Walker DH| title=Rocky Mountain spotted fever: a disease in need of microbiological concern. | journal=Clin Microbiol Rev | year= 1989 | volume= 2 | issue= 3 | pages= 227-40 | pmid=2504480 | doi= | pmc=358117 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=2504480  }}</ref>
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |''[[Rickettsia rickettsii infection|R rickettsii]]'' [[serology]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Thrombocytopenia]], [[Anemia]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑[[ALT]] or [[AST]], [[Hyponatremia]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Infarction]], [[edema]], and [[meningeal]] enhancement
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Myocardial]] or conduction abnormalities in [[echocardiography]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Immunofluorescent]] or [[immunoperoxidase]] staining of ''[[Rickettsia rickettsii infection|R rickettsii]]''
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Clinical criteria and [[tick]] exposure
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Rash on the [[Palms of the hands|palms]] and [[soles]]
+|-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome|Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome]]<ref name="pmid27651848">{{cite journal| author=Mishra AK, Yadav P, Mishra A| title=A Systemic Review on Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome (SSSS): A Rare and Critical Disease of Neonates. | journal=Open Microbiol J | year= 2016 | volume= 10 | issue=  | pages= 150-9 | pmid=27651848 | doi=10.2174/1874285801610010150 | pmc=5012080 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27651848  }}</ref>
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Anti exfoliatin and [[Alpha toxin|anti alpha-toxin antibodies]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Leukocytosis]] with [[left shift]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Blood culture]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Pneumonia]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Epidermal bullosa simplex|Intraepidermal blister]], dense superficial perivascular lymphohistiocytic infiltrate
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Blood culture]] and clinical findings
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Erythroderma|'''Widespread''' skin erythema]], [[Blisters|fluid-filled '''blisters''']]
+|-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis]]<ref name="pmid27239294">{{cite journal| author=Hoetzenecker W, Mehra T, Saulite I, Glatz M, Schmid-Grendelmeier P, Guenova E et al.| title=Toxic epidermal necrolysis. | journal=F1000Res | year= 2016 | volume= 5 | issue=  | pages=  | pmid=27239294 | doi=10.12688/f1000research.7574.1 | pmc=4879934 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27239294  }}</ref>
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[MicroRNA|MicroRNA-124]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Normocytic normochromic anemia|Normochromic normocytic anemia]], [[Eosinophilia]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Fluid loss]] and [[electrolyte abnormalities]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Tracheobronchial]] [[inflammation]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Necrotic]] [[keratinocytes]] with full-thickness [[epithelial]] [[necrosis]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Histopathology]] and clinical findings
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Erythematous rash|Erythematous macular rash]] with [[purpuric]] centers
+|-
+! rowspan="3" style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Cardiovascular disease]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Atrial Myxoma]]<ref name="pmid8407260">{{cite journal |vauthors=MacGowan SW, Sidhu P, Aherne T, Luke D, Wood AE, Neligan MC, McGovern E |title=Atrial myxoma: national incidence, diagnosis and surgical management |journal=Ir J Med Sci |volume=162 |issue=6 |pages=223–6 |date=June 1993 |pmid=8407260 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Calretinin]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Mild [[anemia]], [[Leukocytosis]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑[[Interleukin 6|IL-6]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Atrial]] filling defect larger than a [[thrombus]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Tumor]] location, size, attachment, and mobility in [[echocardiography]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Size, shape, and surface characteristics in [[MRI]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Lipid|Lipidic]] cells embedded in a [[vascular]] myxoid stroma
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Echocardiography]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Dyspnea on exertion]], [[Syncope]]
+|-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Cholesterol Embolism]]<ref name="pmid21886725">{{cite journal| author=Avci G, Akoz T, Gul AE| title=Cutaneous cholesterol embolization. | journal=J Dermatol Case Rep | year= 2009 | volume= 3 | issue= 2 | pages= 27-9 | pmid=21886725 | doi=10.3315/jdcr.2009.1031 | pmc=3157794 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=21886725  }}</ref>
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Interleukin 5|IL-5]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Eosinophilia]], [[Leukocytosis]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Eosinophiluria]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Thoracic aorta|Thoracic]] and [[Abdominal aorta|abdominal aortic]] sources of [[embolism]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Atheroembolism]] in [[abdominal aorta]] and the [[lower extremity]] [[arteries]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Excluding an [[intracardiac]] source of [[embolism]] with [[echocardiography]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Birefringent]] crystals or biconvex needle-shaped ghostly clefts within the [[arterial]] [[lumen]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Angiography]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Livedo reticularis]],
+[[Ischemic|Ischemic patches]]
+|-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Segmental arteries|Segmental arterial]] mediolysis<ref name="Chao2009">{{cite journal|last1=Chao|first1=Christine|title=Segmental Arterial Mediolysis|journal=Seminars in Interventional Radiology|volume=26|issue=03|year=2009|pages=224–232|issn=0739-9529|doi=10.1055/s-0029-1225666}}</ref>
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Leukocytosis]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Visceral]] artery [[aneurysm]] in [[CT angiography]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Alternating [[aneurysms]] and [[stenoses]] (beading)
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Retroperitoneal hematoma]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Disruption of the [[smooth muscle]] in the [[Tunica media|media]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Angiography]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Hematuria]], [[Ischemic colitis]]
+|-
+! rowspan="2" style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Systemic disease]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Antiphospholipid syndrome|Antiphospholipid Syndrome]]<ref name="pmid26637701">{{cite journal| author=Chaturvedi S, McCrae KR| title=The antiphospholipid syndrome: still an enigma. | journal=Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program | year= 2015 | volume= 2015 | issue=  | pages= 53-60 | pmid=26637701 | doi=10.1182/asheducation-2015.1.53 | pmc=4877624 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=26637701  }}</ref>
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Antiphospholipid antibodies]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Thrombocytopenia]], [[Hemolytic anemia]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Lupus anticoagulant|Lupus anticoagulant (LA)]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Stroke]],
-<div align="left">
+[[Pulmonary embolism]], [[Budd-Chiari syndrome]]
-<gallery heights="175" widths="175">
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Thrombus]] in major [[vessels]]
-Image:Ricketsia vasculitis.jpg|Vasculitis, Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever, immunoperoxidase staining vessels for Rickettsia rickettsii
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Valve thickening, vegetations, or  insufficiency in [[echocardiography]]
-Image:Leucocytoclastic vasculitis 1.jpg|Skin:Leucocytolastic vasculitis; a close up view
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
-Image:Leucocytoclastic vasculitis 2.jpg|Skin:Leucocytolastic vasculitis; legs
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Noninflammatory bland [[thrombosis]] without perivascular [[inflammation]]
-Image:Leucocytoclastic vasculitis pustular type.jpg|Leucocytoclastic vasculitis; pustular type
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Hx of [[thrombosis]] and [[antiphospholipid antibodies]]
-</gallery>
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Miscarriage]], [[Pulmonary hypertension]]
-</div>
+|-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis]]<ref name="pmid22753788">{{cite journal |vauthors=Espinosa M, Gottlieb BS |title=Juvenile idiopathic arthritis |journal=Pediatr Rev |volume=33 |issue=7 |pages=303–13 |date=July 2012 |pmid=22753788 |doi=10.1542/pir.33-7-303 |url=}}</ref>
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Rheumatoid factor|Rheumatoid factor (RF)]], [[S100A12]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Lymphocytosis]], [[Thrombocytopenia]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Myeloid-related proteins 8/14 (MRP8/14)
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Synovial]] [[hypertrophy]], Joint effusions
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Cerebral vasculitis]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Inflamed [[synovium]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Bone scan|Bone scanning]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Vascular congestion]], [[Extravasation|RBC extravasation]], Venular lumen occlusion
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Conventional [[radiography]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Rash|Evanescent rash]], [[Dactylitis]]
+|-
+! colspan="3" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Diseases
+! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Headache
+! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Fever
+! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Weight loss
+! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Arthralgia
+! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Claudication
+! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Bruit
+! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |HTN
+! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Focal neurological disorder
+! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Biomarker
+! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |CBC
+! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |ESR
+! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Other
+! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |CT scan
+! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Angiography
+! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Ultrasound/ Echocardiography
+! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Other
+! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Histopathology
+! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |'''Gold standard'''
+! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Additional findings
+|-
+! rowspan="30" style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |Small-Vessel Vasculitis
+! rowspan="4" style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[ANCA-associated vasculitis]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Microscopic polyangiitis]]<ref name="pmid20688249">{{cite journal| author=Chung SA, Seo P| title=Microscopic polyangiitis. | journal=Rheum Dis Clin North Am | year= 2010 | volume= 36 | issue= 3 | pages= 545-58 | pmid=20688249 | doi=10.1016/j.rdc.2010.04.003 | pmc=2917831 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20688249  }}</ref>
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[C-ANCA|Anti-PR3 antibody (C-ANCA)]] (40%), [[P-ANCA|Anti-MPO antibody (P-ANCA)]] (60%)
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Leukocytosis]], [[Normocytic anemia]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Proteinuria]], [[RBC casts|Erythrocyte casts]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Suspected [[pancreatitis]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Mesenteric]] [[angiography]] for differentiating from [[polyarteritis nodosa]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Bilateral nodular, and patchy [[Opacity|opacities]] in [[Chest X-ray|CXR]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Glomerulonephritis]] with focal [[necrosis]], crescent formation, and lack or paucity of [[immunoglobulin]] deposits
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Histopathology|Histological confirmation]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Rash]], [[Hemoptysis]]
+|-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Granulomatosis with polyangiitis|Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener’s)]]<ref name="pmid27195187">{{cite journal| author=Kubaisi B, Abu Samra K, Foster CS| title=Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener's disease): An updated review of ocular disease manifestations. | journal=Intractable Rare Dis Res | year= 2016 | volume= 5 | issue= 2 | pages= 61-9 | pmid=27195187 | doi=10.5582/irdr.2016.01014 | pmc=4869584 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27195187  }}</ref>
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[C-ANCA|Anti-PR3 antibody (C-ANCA)]] (90%), [[P-ANCA|Anti-MPO antibody (P-ANCA)]] (10%)
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Leukocytosis]], [[Normochromic anemia|Normochromic normocytic anemia]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑[[Creatinine|Cr]] or [[Blood urea nitrogen|BUN]], [[Hypoalbuminemia]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Consolidation (medicine)|Consolidation]], Patchy or diffuse [[Ground glass opacification on CT|ground-glass opacities]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Occlusion]] or [[stenosis]] of [[LAD]] and [[RCA]] in [[coronary angiography]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Single or multiple [[nodules]] and [[Mass|masses]] with [[cavitation]] in [[CXR]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Parenchymal]] [[necrosis]], [[Granulomatous]] [[inflammation]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Histopathology|Histological confirmation]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Conjunctivitis]],
+[[Episcleritis]],
-(Images courtesy of Charlie Goldberg, M.D., UCSD School of Medicine and VA Medical Center, San Diego, CA)
+[[Uveitis]],
-<div align="left">
+[[Optic nerve]] vasculitis
-<gallery heights="175" widths="175">
+|-
-Image:Skin vasculitis.jpg|Vasculitis: In this instance, the vasculitic skin lesions were secondary to Haemophilus endocarditis.
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis|Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis]]
-Image:Skin vasculitis2.jpg|Vasculitis: In this instance, the vasculitic skin lesions were secondary to Haemophilus endocarditis.
+[[Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis|(Churg-Strauss)]]<ref name="pmid16612766">{{cite journal |vauthors=Keogh KA, Specks U |title=Churg-Strauss syndrome |journal=Semin Respir Crit Care Med |volume=27 |issue=2 |pages=148–57 |date=April 2006 |pmid=16612766 |doi=10.1055/s-2006-939518 |url=}}</ref>
-Image:Skin vasculitis4.jpg|Vasculitis: In this instance, idiopathic with palpable purpura.
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
-</gallery>
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
-</div>
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
-<div align="left">
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
-<gallery heights="175" widths="175">
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
-Image:skin_vasculitis6.jpg|Vasculitis: Palpable Purpura: Secondary to idiopathic leukocytoplastic vasculitis.
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
-Image:Skin_vasculitis7.jpg|Vasculitis: In this instance, idiopathic.
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[P-ANCA|Anti-MPO antibody (P-ANCA)]] (40%), Eotaxin-3
-Image:skin_vasculitis5.jpg|Vasculitis: In this instance, idiopathic with palpable purpura.
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Eosinophilia]], [[Anemia]]
-</gallery>
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
-</div>
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑[[Creatinine|Cr]] or [[Blood urea nitrogen|BUN]], [[Proteinuria]], [[RBC casts|Erythrocyte casts]], ↑[[Immunoglobulin E|IgE]] levels
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Significant enlargement of peripheral [[pulmonary arteries]]
-== Complete Differential Diagnosis for Vasculitis ==
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Myocardial ischemia]] and [[Myocardial infarction|infarction]] in [[coronary angiography]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Congestive heart failure|Congestive heart failure (CHF)]] in [[echocardiography]]
-Causes include; <ref>Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:77 ISBN 1591032016</ref> <ref>Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:68 ISBN 140510368X</ref>
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Extensive air-space [[Opacity|opacities]] in [[CXR]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Small [[necrotizing]] [[granulomas]] with  [[eosinophilic]] core surrounded by [[macrophages]] and [[Epithelioid cell|epithelioid giant cells]]
-'''Large-sized vessel'''
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Histopathology|Histological confirmation]]
-*[[Takayasu's Arteritis]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Allergic rhinitis]], [[Asthma]], [[Urticaria|Urticarial rash]]
-*[[Temporal Arteritis]]
+|-
-'''Medium-sized vessel'''
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Hydralazine]]-associated [[ANCA-associated vasculitis]]<ref name="pmid23316942">{{cite journal| author=Keasberry J, Frazier J, Isbel NM, Van Eps CL, Oliver K, Mudge DW| title=Hydralazine-induced anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-positive renal vasculitis presenting with a vasculitic syndrome, acute nephritis and a puzzling skin rash: a case report. | journal=J Med Case Rep | year= 2013 | volume= 7 | issue=  | pages= 20 | pmid=23316942 | doi=10.1186/1752-1947-7-20 | pmc=3565908 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23316942  }}</ref>
-*[[Kawasaki's Disease]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
-*[[Polyarteritis Nodosa]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
-'''Small-sized vessel'''
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
-*[[Churg-Strauss Syndrome]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
-*Cutaneous leukocytoclastic vasculitis
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
-*[[Essential cryoglobulinemic vasculitis]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
-*[[Henoch-Schonlein Purpura]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
-*[[Microscopic polyangiitis]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
-*[[Wegener's Granulomatosis]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[P-ANCA|Anti-MPO antibody (P-ANCA)]], Anti-histone antibodies
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Anemia]]
-== Other causes==
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑[[Creatinine|Cr]] or [[Blood urea nitrogen|BUN]], [[Hypoalbuminemia]]
-*[[Allopurinol]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Bilateral [[pulmonary]] infiltrates
-*[[Amantadine]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Aneurysms]] or [[Occlusion|occlusions]] of the [[Visceral|visceral arteries]]
-*[[Anti-cardiolipin antibodies]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
-*[[Arthus reaction]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
-*[[Bazin disease]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Pauci-immune [[necrotizing]] and [[crescentic glomerulonephritis]]
-*[[Behcet's disease]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Histopathology|Histological confirmation]]
-*[[Benzylthiouracil]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Sinusitis]], [[Hemoptysis]]
-*[[Buerger's disease]]
+|-
-*C1 esterase inhibitor (C1-INH) deficiency
+! rowspan="5" style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Immune complexes|Immune complex]] small-vessel vasculitis
-*[[Cefaclor]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Goodpasture disease|Anti-glomerular basement membrane disease]]<ref name="pmid28515156">{{cite journal |vauthors=McAdoo SP, Pusey CD |title=Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane Disease |journal=Clin J Am Soc Nephrol |volume=12 |issue=7 |pages=1162–1172 |date=July 2017 |pmid=28515156 |doi=10.2215/CJN.01380217 |url=}}</ref>
-*[[Cholesterol embolism]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
-*[[Cocaine]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
-*[[Cryoglobulinemia]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
-*[[Cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
-*Degos' disease
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
-*Diptheria & tetanus vaccine
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
-*[[Familial Mediterranean fever]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
-*[[Golfer's vasculitis]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
-*[[Hepatitis C]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Anti-GBM antibody|Anti-GBM antibodies]]
-*Hughes-Stovin syndrome
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Hypochromic anemia|Hypochromic microcytic anemia]], [[Thrombocytopenia]]
-*[[Hydralazine]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
-*[[Hypersensitivity vasculitis]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↓[[C3 (complement)|C3]] level
-*[[Isoniazid]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Pulmonary hemorrhage]]
-*[[Isotretinoin]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
-*[[Juvenile dermatomyositis]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Normal [[kidneys]]
-*[[Late congenital syphilitic oculopathy]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Alveolar]] infiltrates spreading from the [[hilum]] in [[CXR]]
-*[[Lepromatous leprosy]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Cellular crescents in the [[glomeruli]], [[Pulmonary hemorrhage|Intra-alveolar hemorrhages]]
-*[[Livedoid vasculitis]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Anti-GBM antibody|Anti-GBM antibodies]]
-*[[Lung cancer]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Hemoptysis]], [[Hematuria]]
-*[[Methotrexate]]
+|-
-*[[Metolazone]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Cryoglobulinemia|Cryoglobulinemic vasculitis]]<ref name="pmid16344620">{{cite journal |vauthors=Ferri C, Mascia MT |title=Cryoglobulinemic vasculitis |journal=Curr Opin Rheumatol |volume=18 |issue=1 |pages=54–63 |date=January 2006 |pmid=16344620 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
-*[[Minocycline]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
-*[[Necrobiosis lipoidica]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
-*[[Neisseria meningiditis]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
-*[[Pancreatic cancer]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
-*[[Pancreatitis]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
-*Parvovirus B19 infection
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
-*[[Penicillamine]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
-*[[Phenytoin]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
-*[[Polychondritis]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[C4A|C4 component]]
-*[[Polymyalgia rheumatica]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Leukocytosis]], [[Anemia]]
-*[[Polymyositis]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
-*[[Propylthiouracil]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Antinuclear antibodies|ANA]], [[hypocomplementemia]]
-*[[Quinidine]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |R/O underlying [[malignancy]]
-*[[Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Stenosis]] or [[Occlusion|occlusions]] of the [[Visceral|visceral arteries]]
-*[[Rheumatoid arthritis]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Bacterial endocarditis]] in [[echocardiography]]
-*[[Smoking]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Interstitial]] involvement or [[pleural effusions]] in [[CXR]]
-*[[Sneddon syndrome]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[HCV]]-associated [[proteins]] in [[vasculitic]] [[skin]], Intraluminal [[cryoglobulin]] deposits
-*Streptococcus Group A
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Histopathology|Histological confirmation]]
-*[[Sweet's syndrome]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Acrocyanosis]], [[Retinal]] [[hemorrhage]], [[Purpura]]
-*[[Systemic lupus erythematosus]]
+|-
-*[[Thromboangiitis obliterans]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Hepatitis C virus]]-associated [[Cryoglobulinemia|cryoglobulinemic vasculitis]]<ref name="pmid28810602">{{cite journal| author=Guo QY, Wu M, Wang YW, Sun GD| title=Hepatitis C virus-associated cryoglobulinemia with membrano-proliferative glomerulonephritis treated with prednisolone and interferon: A case report. | journal=Exp Ther Med | year= 2017 | volume= 14 | issue= 2 | pages= 1395-1398 | pmid=28810602 | doi=10.3892/etm.2017.4671 | pmc=5525644 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=28810602  }}</ref>
-*[[Trazodone]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
-*[[Treponema pallidum]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
-*[[Tuberculosis]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
-===Complete Differential Diagnosis of the Causes of Vasculitis===
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
-(By organ system)
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
-{|style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
-|style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Cardiovascular'''
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
-|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" |
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Hepatitis C|HCV RNA]], [[Cryoglobulins]]
-[[Sneddon syndrome]],
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Leukocytosis]], [[Anemia]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↓[[C4A|Serum C4]], Positive [[RF]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Increased [[hepatic]] [[echogenicity]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Hepatomegaly]], [[Splenomegaly]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Increased [[hepatic]] [[echogenicity]] in [[MRI]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Vasculitic]] skin, [[Antigen]] infilteration in [[lesions]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Hepatitis C|HCV RNA]], [[Histopathology|Histological confirmation]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Palpable [[purpura]], [[Microscopic hematuria]]
+|-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Henoch-Schönlein purpura|IgA vasculitis (Henoch-Schönlein purpura)]]<ref name="pmid26990342">{{cite journal |vauthors=Farhadian JA, Castilla C, Shvartsbeyn M, Meehan SA, Neimann A, Pomeranz MK |title=IgA vasculitis (Henoch-Schönlein purpura) |journal=Dermatol. Online J. |volume=21 |issue=12 |pages= |date=December 2015 |pmid=26990342 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[IgA]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Normochromic anemia]], [[Leukocytosis]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Occult blood|Stool OB]], ↓[[C3 (complement)|C3]], ↓[[C4A|C4]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Increased [[bowel]] wall thickness, [[Hematoma|hematomas]], [[peritoneal fluid]], and [[intussusception]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Dilated loops of [[bowel]] consistent in [[abdominal X-ray]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Leukocytoclastic vasculitis]] in postcapillary [[venules]] with [[IgA]] deposition
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |History and [[physical examination]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Hematuria]], [[Purpura|Palpable purpura]]
+|-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Hypocomplementemia|Hypocomplementemic urticarial vasculitis (anti-C1q vasculitis)]]<ref name="pmid22328958">{{cite journal| author=Buck A, Christensen J, McCarty M| title=Hypocomplementemic urticarial vasculitis syndrome: a case report and literature review. | journal=J Clin Aesthet Dermatol | year= 2012 | volume= 5 | issue= 1 | pages= 36-46 | pmid=22328958 | doi= | pmc=3277093 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22328958  }}</ref>
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[C11orf1|C1q]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Mild [[anemia]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Antinuclear antibodies|ANA]], ↓[[C10orf10|C1q]], ↓[[C3 (complement)|C3]], ↓[[C4A|C4]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Hepatomegaly]], [[Splenomegaly]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Deposits of [[immunoglobulins]], [[complement]], or [[fibrin]] around [[blood vessels]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Urticaria]],
+[[Histopathology|Histological confirmation]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Urticaria]], [[Hematuria]]
+|-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Gastrointestinal diseases|Gastrointestinal disease]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Acute mesenteric ischemia]]<ref name="pmid24267504">{{cite journal |vauthors=Sise MJ |title=Acute mesenteric ischemia |journal=Surg. Clin. North Am. |volume=94 |issue=1 |pages=165–81 |date=February 2014 |pmid=24267504 |doi=10.1016/j.suc.2013.10.012 |url=}}</ref>
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[FABP1|I-FABP]], [[GSTA1|Alpha-GST]], [[Ischemia-modified albumin (IMA)]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Leukocytosis]], ↑[[Hematocrit|HCT]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | ↑[[Amylase]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Bowel]] wall thickening, [[Pneumatosis intestinalis|Intestinal pneumatosis]], [[Mesenteric ischemia|Portomesenteric]] thrombosis
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Mesenteric vein thrombosis|Mesenteric venous thrombosis]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Artery|Arterial]] [[stenosis]] or occlusion of the [[Celiac artery|celiac]] or [[superior mesenteric arteries]] in [[duplex ultrasound]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Ileus]] with distended loops of [[bowel]], [[Bowel]] wall thickening in [[abdominal X-ray]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Superficial [[Mucosal bleeding|mucosal hemorrhage]], [[edema]] and [[necrosis]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |History and [[physical examination]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Abdominal pain]], [[Distension]], [[Absent bowel sounds]]
+|-
+! rowspan="2" style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Cardiovascular diseases|Cardiovascular disease]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Infective Endocarditis]]<ref name="pmid19665088">{{cite journal| author=McDonald JR| title=Acute infective endocarditis. | journal=Infect Dis Clin North Am | year= 2009 | volume= 23 | issue= 3 | pages= 643-64 | pmid=19665088 | doi=10.1016/j.idc.2009.04.013 | pmc=2726828 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19665088  }}</ref>
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[NT-proBNP]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Normochromic anemia|Normochromic-normocytic anemia]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Hypergammaglobulinemia|Hyperglobulinemia]], [[Cryoglobulinemia]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Metastatic]] [[infections]], such as [[Splenic infarction|splenic infarct]], [[Renal infarct|renal infarcts]], or [[psoas abscess]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Vegetation (pathology)|Vegetation]], [[abscess]], or new dehiscence of a [[Prosthetic valves|prosthetic valve]]<nowiki/>in [[echocardiography]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Vertebral osteomyelitis]] in [[Magnetic resonance imaging|MRI]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Vegetation (pathology)|Vegetation]] or [[Abscess|intracardiac abscess]] demonstrating active [[endocarditis]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Echocardiography]] ([[TTE]])
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Janeway lesions]], [[Osler nodes]], [[Roth's spot|Roth spots]], [[Vertebral osteomyelitis]]
+|-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Leukocytoclastic vasculitis|Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis]]<ref name="pmid26176572">{{cite journal| author=Einhorn J, Levis JT| title=Dermatologic Diagnosis: Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis. | journal=Perm J | year= 2015 | volume= 19 | issue= 3 | pages= 77-8 | pmid=26176572 | doi=10.7812/TPP/15-001 | pmc=4500485 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=26176572  }}</ref>
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[IgM]], [[IgA]], [[Immunoglobulin G|IgG]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Leukocytosis]], [[Anemia]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Hypocomplementemia]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Vascular]] [[stenosis]] and [[obstruction]] in visceral [[Angiogram|angiography]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Perivascular [[inflammatory]] infiltrate of [[neutrophils]] with leukocytoclasia (releasing [[nuclear]] debris)
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Histopathology|Histological confirmation]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Purpura|Palpable purpura]], [[Petechiae]]
+|-
+! rowspan="4" style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Pulmonary disease]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis]]<ref name="pmid18572052">{{cite journal |vauthors=Margo CE, Goldman DR |title=Langerhans cell histiocytosis |journal=Surv Ophthalmol |volume=53 |issue=4 |pages=332–58 |date=2008 |pmid=18572052 |doi=10.1016/j.survophthal.2008.04.007 |url=}}</ref>
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[CD1a]], CD207,[[BRAF (gene)|BRAF-V600E]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Anemia]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Hypercalcemia]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Pulmonary cystic lymphangiectasis|Pulmonary cysts]] and [[Pulmonary nodule|nodules]], [[Lytic|Bone lytic lesions]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Hepatomegaly]], [[Splenomegaly]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Cerebellum]] and [[pons]] hyperintensity in [[MRI]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Birbeck granules]] by [[electron microscopy]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Histopathology|Histological confirmation]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Brown to purplish [[papules]], [[Eczematous Scaling|Eczematous rash]]
+|-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Non small cell lung cancer|Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer]]<ref name="pmid18452692">{{cite journal| author=Molina JR, Yang P, Cassivi SD, Schild SE, Adjei AA| title=Non-small cell lung cancer: epidemiology, risk factors, treatment, and survivorship. | journal=Mayo Clin Proc | year= 2008 | volume= 83 | issue= 5 | pages= 584-94 | pmid=18452692 | doi=10.4065/83.5.584 | pmc=2718421 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18452692  }}</ref>
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[EGFR]], ''[[ROS1]],'' [[Anaplastic lymphoma kinase|EML4-''ALK'']],  [[PD-L1]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Leukocytosis]], [[Anemia]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Hypercalcemia]], [[Hyponatremia]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Pulmonary|Pulmonary lesion]] or [[mass]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Pulmonary]] marginal [[lesions]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Cancer staging|Staging]] and response to treatment in [[Positron emission tomography|PET-CT]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Adenocarcinoma of the lung pathophysiology|Adenocarcinoma]], [[Squamous cell carcinoma of the lung pathophysiology|Squamous cell carcinoma]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Computed tomography|High resolution CT-scan]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Cough]], [[Hemoptysis]]
 |-
-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Small cell lung cancer|Small Cell Lung Cancer]]<ref name="pmid16226617">{{cite journal |vauthors=Jackman DM, Johnson BE |title=Small-cell lung cancer |journal=Lancet |volume=366 |issue=9494 |pages=1385–96 |date=2005 |pmid=16226617 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67569-1 |url=}}</ref>
-| '''Chemical / poisoning'''
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
-|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |''[[P53 (protein)|p53]],'' [[Thyroid transcription factor-1|Thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF1)]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Anemia]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Hyponatremia]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Large [[hilar]] mass with bulky [[mediastinal]] [[adenopathy]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Endobronchial [[ultrasound]] (EBUS)
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Standard [[Staging (pathology)|staging]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Spindled cells with dark [[nuclei]], scant [[cytoplasm]], and fine, granular [[Chromatin|nuclear chromatin]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Computed tomography|High resolution CT-scan]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Cough]], [[Hemoptysis]]
 |-
-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Pulmonary Infarction]]<ref name="pmid15821192">{{cite journal |vauthors=Parambil JG, Savci CD, Tazelaar HD, Ryu JH |title=Causes and presenting features of pulmonary infarctions in 43 cases identified by surgical lung biopsy |journal=Chest |volume=127 |issue=4 |pages=1178–83 |date=April 2005 |pmid=15821192 |doi=10.1378/chest.127.4.1178 |url=}}</ref>
-| '''Dermatologic'''
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
-|bgcolor="Beige"|
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
-[[Bazin disease]],
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
-[[Sweet's syndrome]],
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[D-dimer]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Mild [[leukocytosis]], Mild [[anemia]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Hypoxemia]], [[Hypocarbia]] or [[Hypercarbia]],  [[Respiratory alkalosis]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Pulmonary embolism]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Low-[[density]] filling defect within the [[pulmonary artery]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Pericardial effusion]] in [[echocardiography]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Pulmonary]] infiltrates, [[atelectasis]], and [[pleural effusions]] in [[Chest X-ray|CXR]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Infarct]] induced [[apoptosis]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Pulmonary artery]] [[angiography]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Cough]], [[Hemoptysis]]
 |-
-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Renal disease]]
-| '''Drug Side Effect'''
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis|Acute Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis]]<ref name="pmid25554106">{{cite journal |vauthors=VanDeVoorde RG |title=Acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis: the most common acute glomerulonephritis |journal=Pediatr Rev |volume=36 |issue=1 |pages=3–12; quiz 13 |date=January 2015 |pmid=25554106 |doi=10.1542/pir.36-1-3 |url=}}</ref>
-|bgcolor="Beige"|
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
-[[Allopurinol]],
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
-[[Amantadine]],
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
-[[Benzylthiouracil]],
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
-[[Isoniazid]],
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
-[[Phenytoin]],
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
-[[Quinidine]],
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
-[[Trazodone]],
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Antistreptococcal antibodies|Antistreptolysin-O (ASO) titers]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Leukocytosis]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Hypocomplementemia]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Normal to slightly enlarged [[kidneys]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Central venous pressure|Central venous]] congestion in a [[hilar]] pattern  in [[Chest X-ray|CXR]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Hypercellularity of [[Endothelial cells|endothelial]] and [[mesangial cells]], Infiltration of the [[glomerular]] tuft with [[polymorphonuclear cells]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Histopathology|Histological confirmation]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Hematuria]]
 |-
-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+! rowspan="8" style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Hematologic disease]]
-| '''Ear Nose Throat'''
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Hemolytic-uremic syndrome|Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome]]<ref name="pmid11691946">{{cite journal |vauthors=Corrigan JJ, Boineau FG |title=Hemolytic-uremic syndrome |journal=Pediatr Rev |volume=22 |issue=11 |pages=365–9 |date=November 2001 |pmid=11691946 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
-|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[C5a|C5b-9]], [[ADAMTS13]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Anemia]], [[Thrombocytopenia]], [[Reticulocytosis]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑[[Lactate dehydrogenase|Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)]], [[Hypercalcemia]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Thalami]], [[brainstem]], or [[cerebellum]] abnormality
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Cerebral]] [[microangiopathy]] or [[hypertension]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Hypoechoic [[kidney]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Abnormal hyperintensity in the [[Brain|brain cisterns]] in [[MRI]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Thromboses|Microthromboses]] include [[Fibrin|fibrin thrombi]] that may occlude the [[glomerular]] tuft
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Clinical findings coupled with [[Medical laboratory|laboratory abnormalities]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Hematuria]], [[Proteinuria]]
 |-
-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia|Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)]]<ref name="pmid15561682">{{cite journal |vauthors=Byrd JC, Stilgenbauer S, Flinn IW |title=Chronic lymphocytic leukemia |journal=Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program |volume= |issue= |pages=163–83 |date=2004 |pmid=15561682 |doi=10.1182/asheducation-2004.1.163 |url=}}</ref>
-| '''Endocrine'''
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
-|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[CD5]], [[CD19]], [[CD20]], IgV<sub>H</sub>
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Absolute [[lymphocytosis]], Smudge cells
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Flow cytometry]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Cancer staging|Staging]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Large atypical [[Cells (biology)|cells]], cleaved cells, and [[prolymphocytes]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Chromosomal]] and [[genetic testing]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Easy bruising]]
 |-
-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Multiple myeloma|Multiple Myeloma]]<ref name="pmid28318212">{{cite journal |vauthors=Michels TC, Petersen KE |title=Multiple Myeloma: Diagnosis and Treatment |journal=Am Fam Physician |volume=95 |issue=6 |pages=373–383 |date=March 2017 |pmid=28318212 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
-| '''Environmental'''
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
-|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Light chain|Ig light chain]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Anemia]], [[Thrombocytopenia]], [[Leukopenia]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Bone marrow aspiration]] and [[biopsy]], ↑[[Cr]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Osseous]] involvement and [[Lytic|lytic lesions]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Peripheral zone of increased [[vascularity]] in lesions
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Punched-out lesion in [[X-ray|skull X-ray]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Clonal proliferation of [[plasma cells]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Protein electrophoresis]] plus conventional [[X-rays]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Constipation]]
 |-
-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Hypereosinophilic syndrome|Hypereosinophilic Syndrome]]<ref name="pmid19630574">{{cite journal |vauthors=Klion A |title=Hypereosinophilic syndrome: current approach to diagnosis and treatment |journal=Annu. Rev. Med. |volume=60 |issue= |pages=293–306 |date=2009 |pmid=19630574 |doi=10.1146/annurev.med.60.062107.090340 |url=}}</ref>
-| '''Gastroenterologic'''
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
-|bgcolor="Beige"|
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
-[[Pancreatitis]],
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[IgE]], [[CD117]] with [[CD2]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Eosinophilia]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑Serum [[tryptase]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Lymphadenopathy]] and [[splenomegaly]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Intracardiac thrombus|Intracardiac thrombi]] in [[echocardiography]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Reticulin|Reticulin stain]] for [[myelofibrosis]] and [[tryptase]] staining for [[mast cells]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Clinical findings coupled with [[Medical laboratory|laboratory abnormalities]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Splinter hemorrhages]], [[Raynaud phenomenon]]
 |-
-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Non-Hodgkin lymphoma|Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma]]<ref name="pmid22835603">{{cite journal |vauthors=Shankland KR, Armitage JO, Hancock BW |title=Non-Hodgkin lymphoma |journal=Lancet |volume=380 |issue=9844 |pages=848–57 |date=September 2012 |pmid=22835603 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60605-9 |url=}}</ref>
-| '''Genetic'''
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
-|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Juvenile dermatomyositis]],
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[C-myc|MYC]], [[BCL2-like 1 (gene)|BCL2]], [[BCL6]], and [[TP53]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Lymphocytosis]], [[Anemia]], [[Thrombocytopenia]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑[[Lactate dehydrogenase|Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)]], [[Hypercalcemia]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Enlarged [[Lymph node|lymph nodes]], [[Hepatosplenomegaly]], Filling defects in the [[liver]] and [[spleen]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Hepatosplenomegaly]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Mediastinal lymphadenopathy]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Small cleaved or noncleaved, intermediate, or large cell with a follicular or diffuse pattern
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Surgically excised tissue [[biopsy]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Easy bruising]], [[Testicular mass]], [[Skin lesions|Skin lesion]]
 |-
-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Serum sickness|Serum Sickness]]<ref name="pmid2867672">{{cite journal |vauthors=Lin RY |title=Serum sickness syndrome |journal=Am Fam Physician |volume=33 |issue=1 |pages=157–62 |date=January 1986 |pmid=2867672 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
-| '''Hematologic'''
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
-|bgcolor="Beige"|
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
-[[Cryoglobulinemia]],
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[IL-1]], [[IL-6]], [[TNF]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Leukopenia]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Gammopathy|Polyclonal gammopathy]], ↑[[Cr]], [[Cryoglobulinemia]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Arteritic lesions are focal, [[necrotizing]], and [[inflammatory]]  involving all layers of the [[artery]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Clinical findings coupled with [[Medical laboratory|laboratory abnormalities]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Hematuria]], [[Skin rash]]
 |-
-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Disseminated intravascular coagulation|Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation]]<ref name="pmid25535423">{{cite journal| author=Venugopal A| title=Disseminated intravascular coagulation. | journal=Indian J Anaesth | year= 2014 | volume= 58 | issue= 5 | pages= 603-8 | pmid=25535423 | doi=10.4103/0019-5049.144666 | pmc=4260307 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25535423  }}</ref>
-| '''Iatrogenic'''
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
-|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Fibrin degradation product|Fibrin degradation product (FDP)]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Thrombocytopenia]], [[Schistocytes]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑[[D-dimer]], [[aPTT]] and [[PT]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Intracranial hemorrhage]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Ischemia]] and [[necrosis]] due to [[Fibrin|fibrin deposition]] in small and medium-sized [[vessels]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Clinical findings coupled with [[Medical laboratory|laboratory abnormalities]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | [[Cyanosis|Acral cyanosis]], [[Hemorrhagic]] skin [[Infarction|infarctions]]
 |-
-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura|Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura]]<ref name="pmid27441004">{{cite journal| author=Nomura S| title=Advances in Diagnosis and Treatments for Immune Thrombocytopenia. | journal=Clin Med Insights Blood Disord | year= 2016 | volume= 9 | issue=  | pages= 15-22 | pmid=27441004 | doi=10.4137/CMBD.S39643 | pmc=4948655 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27441004  }}</ref>
-| '''Infectious Disease'''
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
-|bgcolor="Beige"|
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
-[[Hepatitis C]],
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
-[[Tuberculosis]],
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[FCGR2B|FC gamma receptors (FCGR) IIb]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Anemia]], [[Thrombocytopenia]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[HIV]], [[ANA]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |R/O other causes
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |R/O [[splenomegaly]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Increased number of normal morphologic [[megakaryocytes]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Clinical findings coupled with [[thrombocytopenia]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Easy bruising]], [[Purpura]]
 |-
-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+! rowspan="5" style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Systemic disease]]
-| '''Musculoskeletal / Ortho'''
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Sarcoidosis]]<ref name="pmid27454074">{{cite journal| author=Chiarchiaro J, Chen BB, Gibson KF| title=New molecular targets for the treatment of sarcoidosis. | journal=Curr Opin Pulm Med | year= 2016 | volume= 22 | issue= 5 | pages= 515-21 | pmid=27454074 | doi=10.1097/MCP.0000000000000304 | pmc=5152532 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27454074  }}</ref>
-|bgcolor="Beige"|
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
-[[Polychondritis]],
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | [[IL-2]] and [[Interferon gamma|IFN-γ]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Mild [[anemia]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑[[Angiotensin-converting enzyme|ACE]], ↑[[Vitamin D|1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Active [[alveolitis]] or [[fibrosis]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Hepatosplenomegaly]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Bilateral [[Adenopathy|hilar adenopathy]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Granuloma|Noncaseating granulomas (NCGs)]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Histopathology|Histological confirmation]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Heart block]], [[Ocular disease|Ocular lesion]]
 |-
-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Legionella Infections|Legionella Infection]]<ref name="pmid12491204">{{cite journal |vauthors=Murdoch DR |title=Diagnosis of Legionella infection |journal=Clin. Infect. Dis. |volume=36 |issue=1 |pages=64–9 |date=January 2003 |pmid=12491204 |doi=10.1086/345529 |url=}}</ref>
-| '''Neurologic'''
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
-|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Cytokine|Inflammatory cytokines]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Leukocytosis]] with [[left shift]], [[Thrombocytosis]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑[[D-dimer]], [[Fibrin degradation product|FDP]], [[Hyponatremia]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Pleural effusion]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Nonspecific and indistinguishable [[CXR]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Intra-[[alveolar]] [[inflammation]], [[Abscesses|Microabscesses]] in the [[parenchyma]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Sputum culture]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Cough]], [[Diarrhea]]
 |-
-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Systemic lupus erythematosus]]<ref name="Tsokos2011">{{cite journal|last1=Tsokos|first1=George C.|title=Systemic Lupus Erythematosus|journal=New England Journal of Medicine|volume=365|issue=22|year=2011|pages=2110–2121|issn=0028-4793|doi=10.1056/NEJMra1100359}}</ref>
-| '''Nutritional / Metabolic'''
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
-|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Anti-dsDNA antibody|Anti dsDNA]], [[ANA]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | [[Leukopenia]], [[Lymphopenia]], [[Anemia]],  [[Thrombocytopenia]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑[[Creatinine|Cr]] or [[Blood urea nitrogen|BUN]],
+↑[[ALT]] or [[AST]], [[Proteinuria]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Interstitial lung disease, [[Pneumonitis]], [[Pulmonary emboli]], [[Hemorrhage|Alveolar hemorrhage]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Aneurysms]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Pericardial effusion]], [[pulmonary hypertension]], or verrucous [[Libman-Sacks endocarditis]] in [[echocardiography]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Central nervous system|Central nervous system (CNS)]] [[Systemic lupus erythematosus|lupus]] white-matter changes in [[MRI]]
+! align="center"  style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |Staging [[lupus nephritis]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Anti-dsDNA antibody|Anti-dsDNA antibody test]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Skin rashes]] or [[photosensitivity]]
 |-
-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Rheumatoid arthritis]]<ref name="pmid16824912">{{cite journal| author=Scott JT| title=The gold standard in rheumatoid arthritis. | journal=J R Soc Med | year= 1991 | volume= 84 | issue= 9 | pages= 513-4 | pmid=1682491 | doi= | pmc=1293405 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=1682491  }}</ref>
-| '''Obstetric/Gynecologic'''
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
-|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[RF]], [[Anti-citrullinated protein antibody|Anti-CCP antibody]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Anemia]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑[[Creatinine|Cr]] or [[Blood urea nitrogen|BUN]],
+↑[[ALT]] or [[AST]], [[ANA]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Fractures|Microfractures]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Aneurysms]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Joint (anatomy)|Effusions in joints]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Basilar invagination with [[cranial]] migration of an eroded [[Odontoid process|odontoid]] peg in [[MRI]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Influx of [[inflammatory cells]] into the [[synovial membrane]], with  [[angiogenesis]], proliferation of chronic [[inflammatory cells]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Clinical findings coupled [[Anti-citrullinated protein antibody|anti-CCP antibody]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Rheumatoid nodules]]
 |-
-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Relapsing polychondritis]]<ref name="pmid27708954">{{cite journal| author=Emmungil H, Aydın SZ| title=Relapsing polychondritis. | journal=Eur J Rheumatol | year= 2015 | volume= 2 | issue= 4 | pages= 155-159 | pmid=27708954 | doi=10.5152/eurjrheum.2015.0036 | pmc=5047229 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27708954  }}</ref>
-| '''Oncologic'''
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
-|bgcolor="Beige"|
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
-[[Pancreatic cancer]],
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
-[[Lung cancer]],
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Leukocytosis]], [[Anemia]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Cryoglobulins]], [[ANA]], [[C-ANCA]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Calcification]] of [[Cartilaginous|cartilaginous structures]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Aortic root|Aortic root dilatation]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Aortic root|Aortic root dilatation]] and degree of [[aortic regurgitation]] in [[echocardiography]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Tracheal stenosis]] in [[CXR]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Chondrolysis, [[Chondritis]],  Perichondritis
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Clinical findings coupled with imaging
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Ear pain]] and redness, [[Polyarthritis]]
 |-
-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+! colspan="3" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Diseases
-| '''Opthalmologic'''
+! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Headache
-|bgcolor="Beige"|
+! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Fever
-[[Late congenital syphilitic oculopathy]],
+! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Weight loss
+! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Arthralgia
+! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Claudication
+! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Bruit
+! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |HTN
+! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Focal neurological disorder
+! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Biomarker
+! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |CBC
+! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |ESR
+! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Other
+! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |CT scan
+! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Angiography
+! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Ultrasound/ Echocardiography
+! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Other
+! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Histopathology
+! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |'''Gold standard'''
+! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Additional findings
 |-
-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+! rowspan="5" style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |Variable-vessel vasculitis
-| '''Overdose / Toxicity'''
+! colspan="2" style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Behçet's disease|Behçet’s syndrome]]<ref name="pmid17334337">{{cite journal |vauthors=Yazici H, Fresko I, Yurdakul S |title=Behçet's syndrome: disease manifestations, management, and advances in treatment |journal=Nat Clin Pract Rheumatol |volume=3 |issue=3 |pages=148–55 |date=March 2007 |pmid=17334337 |doi=10.1038/ncprheum0436 |url=}}</ref>
-|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[CXCL1]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Mild [[anemia]], [[Neutrophilia]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Factor V Leiden]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Focal [[CNS]] lesions
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Aneurysm]] formation and [[thrombosis]] areas
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Valve [[Vegetation (pathology)|vegetations]] and [[Thrombi|ventricular thrombi]] in [[echocardiography]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Meningoencephalitis]]   in [[MRI]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Lymphocytic]] and [[plasma cell]] invasion in the [[prickle cell]] layer of the [[epidermis]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Clinical criteria
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Genital skin lesions|Genital ulcerations]], [[Oral ulcerations|Oral ulceration]]
 |-
-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+! colspan="2" style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Cogan syndrome|Cogan's syndrome]]<ref name="pmid27373108">{{cite journal| author=Iliescu DA, Timaru CM, Batras M, De Simone A, Stefan C| title=COGAN'S SYNDROME. | journal=Rom J Ophthalmol | year= 2015 | volume= 59 | issue= 1 | pages= 6-13 | pmid=27373108 | doi= | pmc=5729811 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27373108  }}</ref>
-| '''Psychiatric'''
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
-|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | [[Hsp70|Anti-Hsp70 antibodies]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Anemia]], [[Thrombocytosis]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[RF]], [[ANA]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Thickening and enhancement of both posterior [[sclera]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | [[Stenosis]], [[thrombosis]] or more lesions in [[aortic root]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Aortic insufficiency]] in [[echocardiography]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Early [[interstitial keratitis]] by [[slit lamp]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Muscle]] [[necrosis]] and [[atrophy]] resembling [[myositis]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |'''[[Red eye]], [[Hearing loss]], [[Vertigo]]'''
 |-
-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+! rowspan="3" style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Gastrointestinal diseases|Gastrointestinal disease]]
-| '''Pulmonary'''
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Inflammatory bowel disease|Inflammatory Bowel Disease]]<ref name="pmid26900160">{{cite journal| author=Wehkamp J, Götz M, Herrlinger K, Steurer W, Stange EF| title=Inflammatory Bowel Disease. | journal=Dtsch Arztebl Int | year= 2016 | volume= 113 | issue= 5 | pages= 72-82 | pmid=26900160 | doi=10.3238/arztebl.2016.0072 | pmc=4782273 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=26900160  }}</ref>
-|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Anti-[[Saccharomyces cerevisiae|Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibody]] (ASCA), [[P-ANCA]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Leukocytosis]], [[Anemia]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | [[Iron deficiency anemia|Iron]] or [[vitamin deficiency]], [[Fecal occult blood|Stool OB]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Mesenteric]] fat stranding, bowel wall enhancement, increased [[vascularity]] (comb sign)
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Fistulas]], [[Abscesses]], [[Stenosis]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Grossly denuded [[Mucosal|mucosa]] with active [[bleeding]] in [[colonoscopy]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Crypt abscess|Crypt abscesses]] and [[Ulceration|mucosal ulceration]], [[Granulomas]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Endoscopy]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Gastrointestinal bleeding|GI bleeding]]
 |-
-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Whipple's disease]]<ref name="pmid11432814">{{cite journal| author=Dutly F, Altwegg M| title=Whipple's disease and "Tropheryma whippelii". | journal=Clin Microbiol Rev | year= 2001 | volume= 14 | issue= 3 | pages= 561-83 | pmid=11432814 | doi=10.1128/CMR.14.3.561-583.2001 | pmc=88990 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=11432814  }}</ref>
-| '''Renal / Electrolyte'''
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
-|bgcolor="Beige"|
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
-[[Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis]],
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[CCR4|CCR6]], [[Integrin, beta 6|Gut-homing marker integrin β7-chain]], ''[[Tropheryma whipplei|T whippelii DNA]]''
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Mild [[anemia]], [[Neutrophilia]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Fecal fat|72-hour fecal fat determination]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Nonspecific [[malabsorption]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Hepatosplenomegaly]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Periodic acid-Schiff]]–positive [[macrophages]] infiltration in [[lamina propria]] of the [[small bowel]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Broad-spectrum [[Polymerase chain reaction|PCR]] amplifications
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Cachexia]],
+[[Glossitis]]
 |-
-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Sjögren's syndrome]]<ref name="pmid28610655">{{cite journal| author=Stefanski AL, Tomiak C, Pleyer U, Dietrich T, Burmester GR, Dörner T| title=The Diagnosis and Treatment of Sjögren's Syndrome. | journal=Dtsch Arztebl Int | year= 2017 | volume= 114 | issue= 20 | pages= 354-361 | pmid=28610655 | doi=10.3238/arztebl.2017.0354 | pmc=5471601 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=28610655  }}</ref>
-| '''Rheum / Immune / Allergy'''
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
-|bgcolor="Beige"|
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
-[[Anti-cardiolipin antibodies]],
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
-[[Arthus reaction]],
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
-[[Behcet's disease]],
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
-[[Churg-Strauss Vasculitis]],
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
-Diptheria & tetanus vaccine,
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
-[[Hypersensitivity vasculitis]],
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
-[[Kawasaki disease]],
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Anti-Ro and Anti-La, Anti-alpha-fodrin [[antibody]]
-[[Microscopic polyangiitis]],
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Anemia]],
-[[Polyarteritis nodosa]],
-[[Rheumatoid arthritis]],
-[[Systemic lupus erythematosus]],
-[[Takayasu's Arteritis]],
-[[Temporal arteritis]],
-[[Wegener's granulomatosis]],
+[[Leukopenia]],
+[[Eosinophilia]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Hypergammaglobulinemia]], Low [[bicarbonate]] level, [[Hypokalemia]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Salt and pepper or honeycomb appearance in [[parotid glands]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Multicystic or reticular pattern in [[atrophic]] [[salivary gland]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |R/O [[Obstruction|obstructions]] or [[strictures]] with [[Sialography]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Focal aggregates of [[lymphocytes]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Schirmer's test|Schirmer test]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Keratoconjunctivitis]], [[Gingival|Gingival inflammation]]
 |-
-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+! rowspan="6" style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |Single-organ vasculitis
-| '''Sexual'''
+! colspan="2" style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |Primary [[central nervous system]] [[vasculitis]]<ref name="pmid16575852">{{cite journal |vauthors=Benseler SM, Silverman E, Aviv RI, Schneider R, Armstrong D, Tyrrell PN, deVeber G |title=Primary central nervous system vasculitis in children |journal=Arthritis Rheum. |volume=54 |issue=4 |pages=1291–7 |date=April 2006 |pmid=16575852 |doi=10.1002/art.21766 |url=}}</ref>
-|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Von Willebrand factor (vWF)|von Willebrand factor antigen (vWF)]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Normal
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[CSF]] [[pleocytosis]], predominantly [[lymphocytes]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Cerebral]] [[Infarction|infarcts]] or [[hemorrhages]] with [[mass effect]], or [[hydrocephalus]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Aneurysm]] in [[circle of Willis]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Progression of the disease or response to therapy in [[MRI]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Chronic [[granulomatous]] [[inflammation]] and [[giant cells]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Histopathology|Histological confirmation]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Skin rash]], [[Purpura]]
 |-
-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+! rowspan="3" style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Infectious disease]]
-| '''Trauma'''
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Aspergillosis]]<ref name="pmid10194462">{{cite journal| author=Latgé JP| title=Aspergillus fumigatus and aspergillosis. | journal=Clin Microbiol Rev | year= 1999 | volume= 12 | issue= 2 | pages= 310-50 | pmid=10194462 | doi= | pmc=88920 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=10194462  }}</ref>
-|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Aspergillus]] [[nucleic acid]] in [[blood]], [[Galactomannan]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Eosinophilia]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑Serum [[Immunoglobulin E|IgE]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Aspergilloma]] mass within a cavity
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Mass effect]] [[stenosis]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Aspergilloma]] mass within the brain in [[MRI]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Septate [[hyphae]], branching at acute angles, and tissue [[necrosis]] with  [[Granuloma|granulomata]] and [[blood vessel]] invasion
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Histopathology|Histological confirmation]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Hemoptysis]], [[Aspergilloma]]
 |-
-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Histoplasmosis]]<ref name="pmid20445761">{{cite journal| author=Guimarães AJ, Nosanchuk JD, Zancopé-Oliveira RM| title=DIAGNOSIS OF HISTOPLASMOSIS. | journal=Braz J Microbiol | year= 2006 | volume= 37 | issue= 1 | pages= 1-13 | pmid=20445761 | doi=10.1590/S1517-83822006000100001 | pmc=2863343 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20445761  }}</ref>
-| '''Urologic'''
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
-|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Mild [[anemia]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑[[Alkaline phosphatase|ALP]], ↑[[LDH]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Cerebral]] [[histoplasmosis]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Valvular Diseases|Valvular involvement]] in [[echocardiography]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[PFTs|PFT]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Presence of [[yeast]] forms in tissue through [[Hematoxylin and eosin stain|hematoxylin and eosin staining]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Sputum cultures]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Pneumonia]], [[Mediastinitis]]
 |-
-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Herpes Simplex Encephalitis]]<ref name="pmid9163027">{{cite journal |vauthors=Sköldenberg B |title=Herpes simplex encephalitis |journal=Scand J Infect Dis Suppl |volume=100 |issue= |pages=8–13 |date=1996 |pmid=9163027 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
-| '''Miscellaneous'''
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
-|bgcolor="Beige"|
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
-[[Buerger's disease]],
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
-[[Golfer's vasculitis]],
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
-[[Smoking]],
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Herpes simplex virus|HSV]] [[DNA]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Mild [[lymphocytosis]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[CSF]] [[pleocytosis]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Low-density lesions in the [[Temporal lobe|temporal]] and/or [[frontal lobe]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Hemorrhagic]] lesion in [[white matter]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Multinucleated giant cell|Multinuclear giant cells]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[PCR]] or [[brain biopsy]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Seizures]],
+[[Vomiting]]
+|-
+! rowspan="2" style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Systemic diseases|Systemic disease]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Eclampsia]]<ref name="pmid21822394">{{cite journal| author=Uzan J, Carbonnel M, Piconne O, Asmar R, Ayoubi JM| title=Pre-eclampsia: pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management. | journal=Vasc Health Risk Manag | year= 2011 | volume= 7 | issue=  | pages= 467-74 | pmid=21822394 | doi=10.2147/VHRM.S20181 | pmc=3148420 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=21822394  }}</ref>
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Vascular endothelial growth factor|VEGF]], [[PlGF]], Soluble [[FLT1|FLT-1]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Anemia]], [[Thrombocytopenia]], [[Schistocytes]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑[[Bilirubin]], ↓[[Haptoglobin]], ↑[[Lactate dehydrogenase|LDH]], ↑[[Creatinine|Cr]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Cortical hypodense areas in the [[Occipital lobe|occipital lobes]], Diffuse [[cerebral edema]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Fetal growth retardation|Poor fetal growth]], [[Oligohydramnios]], Abnormal [[umbilical artery]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Increased signal at the [[Gray matter|gray-white matter junction]] in [[MRI]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Urinalysis|24-hour urine study]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Seizure]], [[Edema]]
+|-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Fibromuscular dysplasia]]<ref name="pmid17555581" />
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |+/-
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Transforming growth factor β|Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β)]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Normal
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑ [[Creatinine|Cr]] or [[Blood urea nitrogen|BUN]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Alternating [[stenosis]] and [[Dilatation|dilatations]] in [[CT angiography]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Stenosis]] in the [[renal arteries]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Luminal narrowing alternating with [[dilatation]] (Beads sign)
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Focal [[concentric]], long-segment [[tubular]] [[stenosis]] or outpouching in [[MRA]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Fibrodysplastic changes, [[Collagen]] deposition
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Digital subtraction angiography|Digital subtraction angiography (DSA)]]
+! style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Spontaneous coronary artery dissection|Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD)]]
 |-
 |}
+</small></small></small>
-==Treatment==
+==References==
-Treatment is targeted to the underlying cause. However, most vasculitis in general are treated with [[steroid]]s (e.g. [[methylprednisolone]]) because the underlying cause of the vasculitis is due to hyperactive immunological damage. Immunosuppressants such as [[cyclophosphamide]] and [[azathioprine]] may also be given.
+{{Reflist|2}}
+{{WH}}
-A [[systematic review]] of [[antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody]] (ANCA) positive vasculitis indentified best treatments depending on whether the goal is to induce remission or maintenance and depending on severity of the vasculitis.<ref name="pmid17684188">{{cite journal |author=Bosch X, Guilabert A, Espinosa G, Mirapeix E |title=Treatment of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody associated vasculitis: a systematic review |journal=JAMA |volume=298 |issue=6 |pages=655-69 |year=2007 |pmid=17684188 |doi=10.1001/jama.298.6.655}}</ref>
+{{WS}}
-== References ==
-<references/>
-==External links==
-* [http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/vasculitis/DS00513 Mayo Clinic on vasculitis.]
-* [http://www.vasculitis.org/ European Vasculitis Study Group]
-* [http://vasculitis.med.jhu.edu/ Johns Hopkins Vasculitis Center]
-* [http://www.vasculitisfoundation.org/ Vasculitis Foundation]
-{{Diseases of the skin and appendages by morphology}}
-{{Vascular diseases}}
-{{Systemic connective tissue disorders}}
-{{Inflammation}}
-{{Diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue}}
-{{SIB}}
-[[de:Vaskulitis]]
-[[fr:Vascularite]]
-[[nl:Vasculitis]]
-[[ja:血管炎]]
-[[no:Vaskulitt]]
-[[pt:Vasculite]]
-[[fi:Vaskuliitti]]
-[[sv:Kärlinflammation]]
-[[pl:Układowe zapalenia naczyń]]
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 [[Category:Rheumatology]]
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