CD44

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CD44 molecule (Indian blood group)
PDB rendering based on 1poz.
Identifiers
Symbol(s)	CD44; CDW44; CSPG8; ECMR-III; HCELL; IN; LHR; MC56; MDU2; MDU3; MGC10468; MIC4; MUTCH-I; Pgp1
External IDs	OMIM: 107269 MGI: 88338 Homologene: 508
Gene ontology Molecular Function: • molecular_function • receptor activity • collagen binding • hyaluronic acid binding Cellular Component: • cellular_component • integral to plasma membrane • external side of plasma membrane • membrane Biological Process: • ureteric bud branching • cell adhesion • cell-matrix adhesion • cell-cell adhesion
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
	Human	Mouse
Entrez	960	12505
Ensembl	ENSG00000026508	ENSMUSG00000005087
Uniprot	P16070	P15379
Refseq	NM_000610 (mRNA) NP_000601 (protein)	NM_001039150 (mRNA) NP_001034239 (protein)
Location	Chr 11: 35.12 - 35.21 Mb	Chr 2: 102.61 - 102.7 Mb
Pubmed search	[1]	[2]

WikiDoc Resources for CD44
Articles
Most recent articles on CD44 Most cited articles on CD44 Review articles on CD44 Articles on CD44 in N Eng J Med, Lancet, BMJ
Media
Powerpoint slides on CD44 Images of CD44 Photos of CD44 Podcasts & MP3s on CD44 Videos on CD44
Evidence Based Medicine
Cochrane Collaboration on CD44 Bandolier on CD44 TRIP on CD44
Clinical Trials
Ongoing Trials on CD44 at Clinical Trials.gov Trial results on CD44 Clinical Trials on CD44 at Google
Guidelines / Policies / Govt
US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on CD44 NICE Guidance on CD44 NHS PRODIGY Guidance FDA on CD44 CDC on CD44
Books
Books on CD44
News
CD44 in the news Be alerted to news on CD44 News trends on CD44
Commentary
Blogs on CD44
Definitions
Definitions of CD44
Patient Resources / Community
Patient resources on CD44 Discussion groups on CD44 Patient Handouts on CD44 Directions to Hospitals Treating CD44 Risk calculators and risk factors for CD44
Healthcare Provider Resources
Symptoms of CD44 Causes & Risk Factors for CD44 Diagnostic studies for CD44 Treatment of CD44
Continuing Medical Education (CME)
CME Programs on CD44
International
CD44 en Espanol CD44 en Francais
Businness
CD44 in the Marketplace Patents on CD44
Experimental / Informatics
List of terms related to CD44

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The CD44 protein is a cell-surface glycoprotein involved in cell-cell interactions, cell adhesion and migration. It is a receptor for hyaluronic acid and can also interact with other ligands, such as osteopontin, collagens, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). A specialized sialofucosylated glycoform of CD44 called HCELL is found natively on human hematopoietic stem cells, and is a highly potent E-selectin and L-selectin ligand. HCELL functions as a "bone homing receptor", directing migration of human hematopoietic stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells to bone marrow.^[1]

This protein participates in a wide variety of cellular functions including lymphocyte activation, recirculation and homing, hematopoiesis, and tumor metastasis. Transcripts for this gene undergo complex alternative splicing that results in many functionally distinct isoforms, however, the full length nature of some of these variants has not been determined. Alternative splicing is the basis for the structural and functional diversity of this protein, and may be related to tumor metastasis. Splice variants of CD44 on colon cancer cells display the HCELL glycoform, which mediates binding to vascular E-selectin under hemodynamic flow conditions, a critical step in colon cancer metastasis. CD44 gene transcription is at least in part activated by beta catenin and Wnt signalling (also linked to tumour development). The protein is a determinant for the Indian blood group system.

• CD44, along with CD25, is used to track early T cell development in the thymus.

• CD44 expression is an indicative marker for effector-memory T-cells. It is tracked with CFSE chemical tagging.

In addition, variations in CD44 are reported as cell surface markers for some breast and prostate cancer stem cells^[1], and has been seen as an indicator of increased survival time in epithelial ovarian cancer patients.^[1]

References

Further reading

External links

• HCELL Review

• Indian blood group system at BGMUT Blood Group Antigen Gene Mutation Database at NCBI, NIH

• [5] Articles at IHOP.

v • d • e Proteins: clusters of differentiation (see also list of human clusters of differentiation)
1-50	CD1 (CD1a-c, CD1d) - CD2 - CD3 - CD4 - CD5 - CD8 - CD9 - CD10 - CD11 (CD11a, CD11b, CD11c) - CD13 - CD14 - CD15 - CD16 - CD18 - CD19 - CD20 - CD21 - CD22 - CD23 - CD24 - CD25 - CD26 - CD27 - CD28 - CD29 - CD30 - CD31 - CD32 - CD33 - CD34 - CD35 - CD36 - CD37 -CD38 - CD40 - CD43 - CD44 - CD45 - CD46 - CD49 (CD49a, CD49b, CD49c, CD49d)
51-100	CD52 - CD53 - CD54 - CD55 - CD56 - CD58 - CD59 - CD61 - CD62 (CD62E, CD62L, CD62P) - CD63 - CD64 - CD66e - CD68 - CD70 - CD71 - CD72 - CD79 - CD80 - CD81 - CD82 - CD83 - CD86 - CD88 - CD89 - CD90 - CD94 - CD95 - CD97 - CD98
101-350	CD103 - CD106 - CD114 - CD116 - CD117 - CD118 - CD120 - CD122 - CD130 - CD131 - CD132 - CD133 - CD134 - CD135 - CD137 - CD138 - CD141 - CD142 - CD143 - CD146 - CD147 - CD151 - CD152 - CD153 - CD154 - CD155 - CD162 - CD164 - CD169 - CD184 - CD206 - CD209 - CD257 - CD278 - CD281 - CD282 - CD283 - CD304

v • d • e Transmembrane receptors: immune receptors
Cytokine receptor	Type I: interleukin (IL-2, IL-3) - CSF (Erythropoietin, GM-CSF, G-CSF) - Glycoprotein 130/Oncostatin M - Leukemia inhibitory factor - common subunits (Common gamma chain, CSF2RB) Type II: interleukin (IL22RA2) - interferon (IFNAR, IFNGR) Other: Chemokine - TGF-beta - Tumor necrosis factor
Pattern recognition/Toll-like	TLR 1 - TLR 2 - TLR 3 - TLR 4 - TLR 5 - TLR 6 - TLR 7 - TLR 8 - TLR 9 - TLR 10
Fc receptor	ε (FcεRI, FcεRII) - γ (FcγRI, FcγRII, FcγRIII) - α/μ (FcαRI, Fcα/μR) - Neonatal
Lymphocyte homing receptor	CD44 - L-selectin - VLA-4 - LFA-1
other	Antigen receptor (B-cell, T cell) - Complement - Formyl peptide - Immunophilins - Integrin - Killer-cell immunoglobulin-like - Scavenger

v • d • e Membrane proteins: cell adhesion molecules
IgSF	N-CAM (Myelin protein zero) - ICAM (1, 4) - VCAM-1 - PE-CAM - L1-CAM
Cadherins	Desmoglein - T-cadherin
Selectins	E-selectin - L-selectin - P-selectin
Integrins	LFA-1 - Integrin alphaXbeta2 - Macrophage-1 antigen - VLA-4 - Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa (Note: integrins not always classified as CAMs)
Other	Carcinoembryonic antigen - CD22 - CD24 - CD44 - CD146 - CD164

v • d • e WikiDoc Research Resources for CD44 (Click show to right to view)
Articles on CD44	Most recent articles on CD44 • Most cited articles on CD44 • Review articles on CD44 • Articles on CD44 in N Eng J Med, Lancet, BMJ
Media (Slides, Video, Images, MP3) on CD44	Powerpoint slides on CD44 • Images of CD44 • Photos of CD44 • Podcasts & MP3s on CD44 • Videos on CD44
Evidence Based Medicine Regarding CD44	Cochrane Collaboration on CD44 • Bandolier on CD44 • TRIP on CD44
Cost Effectiveness of CD44	Cost Effectiveness of CD44
Clinical Trials Involving CD44	Ongoing Trials on CD44 at Clinical Trials.gov • Trial results on CD44 • Clinical Trials on CD44 at Google
Guidelines / Policies / Government Resources (FDA/CDC) Regarding CD44	US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on CD44 • NICE Guidance on CD44 • NHS PRODIGY Guidance • FDA on CD44 • CDC on CD44
Textbook Information on CD44	Books and Textbook Information on CD44
Pharmacology Resources on CD44	Dosing of CD44 • Drug interactions with CD44 • Side effects of CD44 • Allergic reactions to CD44 • Overdose information on CD44 • Carcinogenicity information on CD44 • CD44 in pregnancy • Pharmacokinetics of CD44 •
Genetics, Pharmacogenomics, and Proteinomics of CD44	Genetics of CD44 • Pharmacogenomics of CD44 • Proteomics of CD44
Newstories on CD44	CD44 in the news • Be alerted to news on CD44 • News trends on CD44
Commentary on CD44	Blogs on CD44
Patient Resources on CD44	Patient resources on CD44 • Discussion groups on CD44 • Patient Handouts on CD44 • Directions to Hospitals Treating CD44 • Risk calculators and risk factors for CD44
Healthcare Provider Resources on CD44	Symptoms of CD44 • Causes & Risk Factors for CD44 • Diagnostic studies for CD44 • Treatment of CD44
Continuing Medical Education (CME) Programs on CD44	CME Programs on CD44
International Resources on CD44	CD44 en Espanol • CD44 en Francais
Business Resources on CD44	CD44 in the Marketplace • Patents on CD44
Informatics Resources on CD44	List of terms related to CD44

it:CD44

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Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content

Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .