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{{Seealso|Somnolence}}
{{Seealso|Somnolence}}
In addition to physical, fatigue also includes mental fatigue, not necessarily including any muscle fatigue. Such a mental fatigue, in turn, can manifest itself both as [[somnolence]] (decreased [[wakefulness]]) or just as a general decrease of [[attention]], not necessarily including sleepiness. In any case, this can be dangerous when performing tasks that require constant concentration, such as driving a vehicle. For instance, when a person is sufficiently somnolent, he or she may experience [[microsleeps]]. However, objective cognitive testing should be done to differentiate the neurocognitive deficits of brain disease from those attributable to tiredness.
In addition to physical, fatigue also includes mental fatigue, not necessarily including any muscle fatigue. Such a mental fatigue, in turn, can manifest itself both as [[somnolence]] (decreased [[wakefulness]]) or just as a general decrease of [[attention]], not necessarily including sleepiness. In any case, this can be dangerous when performing tasks that require constant concentration, such as driving a vehicle. For instance, when a person is sufficiently somnolent, he or she may experience [[microsleeps]]. However, objective cognitive testing should be done to differentiate the neurocognitive deficits of brain disease from those attributable to tiredness.
==Pathophysiology==
The sense of fatigue is believed to originate in the [[reticular activating system]] of the lower brain.  [[Musculoskeletal system|Musculoskeletal]] structures may have co-evolved with appropriate brain structures so that the complete unit functions together in a constructive and adaptive fashion.<ref>{{cite book |author=Edelman, Gerald Maurice |title=The remembered present: a biological theory of consciousness |publisher=Basic Books |location=New York |year=1989 |pages= |isbn=0-465-06910-X |oclc= |doi=}}</ref>  The entire systems of muscles, joints, and [[wiktionary:proprioceptive|proprioceptive]] and [[wiktionary:kinesthetic|kinesthetic]] functions plus parts of the brain evolve and function together in a unitary way.<ref>{{cite book |author=Kelso, J. A. Scott |title=Dynamic patterns: the self-organization of brain and behavior |publisher=MIT Press |location=Cambridge, Mass |year=1995 |pages= |isbn=0-262-61131-7 |oclc= |doi=}}</ref>


==Causes==
==Causes==
===Common Causes===
Fatigue is typically the result of working, mental [[Stress (medicine)|stress]], [[jet lag]] or active recreation, [[Clinical depression|depression]], and also [[boredom]], [[disease]] and [[Sleep deprivation|lack of sleep]]. It may also have chemical causes, such as [[poison]]ing or [[mineral]] or [[vitamin]]  deficiencies.
Fatigue is typically the result of working, mental [[Stress (medicine)|stress]], [[jet lag]] or active recreation, [[Clinical depression|depression]], and also [[boredom]], [[disease]] and [[Sleep deprivation|lack of sleep]]. It may also have chemical causes, such as [[poison]]ing or [[mineral]] or [[vitamin]]  deficiencies.


The sense of fatigue is believed to originate in the [[reticular activating system]] of the lower brain.  [[Musculoskeletal system|Musculoskeletal]] structures may have co-evolved with appropriate brain structures so that the complete unit functions together in a constructive and adaptive fashion.<ref>{{cite book |author=Edelman, Gerald Maurice |title=The remembered present: a biological theory of consciousness |publisher=Basic Books |location=New York |year=1989 |pages= |isbn=0-465-06910-X |oclc= |doi=}}</ref>  The entire systems of muscles, joints, and [[wiktionary:proprioceptive|proprioceptive]] and [[wiktionary:kinesthetic|kinesthetic]] functions plus parts of the brain evolve and function together in a unitary way.<ref>{{cite book |author=Kelso, J. A. Scott |title=Dynamic patterns: the self-organization of brain and behavior |publisher=MIT Press |location=Cambridge, Mass |year=1995 |pages= |isbn=0-262-61131-7 |oclc= |doi=}}</ref>
====Diseases====
 
===Diseases===
Temporary fatigue is likely to be e.g. [[common cold]]. Chronic fatigue, on the other hand, meaning of six months or more duration, is a symptom of a large number of different diseases on conditions.
Temporary fatigue is likely to be e.g. [[common cold]]. Chronic fatigue, on the other hand, meaning of six months or more duration, is a symptom of a large number of different diseases on conditions.


===Medications===
====Medications====
*[[Beta blocker]] medication causes fatigue, especially after exertion, inducing [[exercise intolerance]]. <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.just2tired.com/labels/fatigue-due-to-medication.html|title=Fatigue caused by medications}}</ref>
*[[Beta blocker]] medication causes fatigue, especially after exertion, inducing [[exercise intolerance]]. <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.just2tired.com/labels/fatigue-due-to-medication.html|title=Fatigue caused by medications}}</ref>


== Differential Diagnosis of Causes of Fatigue==
===Causes by Organ System===
(In alphabetical order)
{{MultiCol}}
*[[1,3-Dichloropropene]]
*[[5-MeO-AMT]]
*[[Accessory pancreas]]
*[[Aciclovir]]
*[[Acute bronchitis]]
*[[Acute Hepatitis]]
*[[Acute lymphoblastic leukemia]]
*[[Acute myeloid leukemia]]
*[[Acute prostatitis]]
*[[Acute viral nasopharyngitis (common cold)]]
*[[Adderall]]
*[[Addison's disease]]
*[[Adiposis dolorosa]]
*[[Adrenal metastases]]
*[[African Trypanosomiasis]]
*[[AIDS]]
*[[Airsickness]]
*[[Aldesleukin ]]
*[[Altitude sickness]]
*[[Altretamine ]]
*[[Amikacin Sulfate Injection ]]
*[[Amiloride and Hydrochlorothiazide ]]
*[[Andropause]]
*[[Anemia]]
*[[Angina pectoris]]
*[[Ankylosing spondylitis]]
*[[Anorexia Nervosa]]
*[[Anxiety disorder]]
*[[Arnold-Chiari malformation]]
*[[Ascites]]
*[[Atrial fibrillation]]
*[[Auranofin ]]
*[[Autoimmune disease]]
*[[Azelastine]]
*[[Azotemia]]
*[[B12 Deficiency]]
*[[Bacterial pneumonia]]
*[[Barbiturate]]
*[[Barth syndrome]]
*[[Becker's muscular dystrophy]]
*[[Benign fasciculation syndrome]]
*[[Beta-blockers]]
*[[Bezafibrate]]
*[[Bipolar disorder]]
*[[Blastocystosis]]
*[[Blood transfusion]]
*[[Botulism]]
*[[Brain abscess]]
*[[Bromopride]]
*[[Bulimia nervosa]]
*[[Busulfan ]]
*[[Cadmium]]
*[[Cancer Syndrome]]
*[[Carbon monoxide poisoning]]
*[[Carboplatin ]]
*[[Cardiac amyloidosis]]
*[[Cardiogenic shock]]
*[[Carmustine ]]
*[[Celiac disease]]
*[[Cerebrovascular arteriosclerosis]]
*[[Cerivastatin ]]
*[[Cervical cancer]]
*[[Chlorambucil ]]
*[[Chloropyramine]]
*[[Cholesterol pericarditis]]
*[[Chronic bronchitis]]
*[[Chronic Fatigue Syndrome]]
*[[Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy]]
*[[Chronic kidney disease]]
*[[Chronic Liver Disease]]
*[[Chronic mountain sickness]]
*[[Chronic myelogenous leukemia]]
*[[Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease]]
*[[Chronic pancreatitis]]
*[[Chronic pyelonephritis]]
*[[Chronic renal failure]]
*[[Ciguatera]]
*[[Cirrhosis]]
*[[Citalopram]]
*[[Citrulline]]
*[[Citrus]]
*[[Cladosporium]]
*[[Cladribine ]]
*[[Clinical depression]]
*[[Clobenzorex]]
*[[Clomipramine]]
*[[Clonidine]]
*[[Coccidioidomycosis]]
*[[Cogan syndrome]]
*[[Congenital Heart Disease]]
*[[Congestive Heart Failure]]
*[[Connective Tissue Disease]]
*[[Conn's Syndrome]]
*[[Constrictive pericarditis]]
*[[Conversion disorder]]
*[[Coronary Artery Disease]]
*[[Coronary Artery Fistula]]
*[[Crohn's disease]]
*[[Cushing's Disease]]
*[[Cytarabine ]]
*[[Da Costa's syndrome]]
*[[Dacarbazine ]]
*[[Dantrolene Oral ]]
{{ColBreak}}
*[[Daunorubicin ]]
*[[Decompression sickness]]
*[[Dehydration]]
*[[Delavirdine]]
*[[Depo-Provera]]
*[[Diabetes mellitus]]
*[[Diabulimia]]
*[[Diborane]]
*[[Dientamoebiasis]]
*[[Diflunisal]]
*[[Diphtheria]]
*[[Dobutamine Hydrochloride Injection ]]
*[[Docetaxel ]]
*[[Double Outlet Right Ventricle]]
*[[Doxepin]]
*[[Doxorubicin ]]
*[[Duchenne muscular dystrophy]]
*[[Duloxetine]]
*[[Ebola hemorrhagic fever]]
*[[Emergency contraception]]
*[[Emotional exhaustion]]
*[[Emphysema]]
*[[Empty sella syndrome]]
*[[Encephalomyelitis]]
*[[Endometriosis]]
*[[Engelmann syndrome]]
*[[Entamoeba histolytica]]
*[[Enterovirus]]
*[[Epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica]]
*[[Epstein-Barr virus]]
*[[Erysipelas]]
*[[Ethylene]]
*[[Etoposide Oral and Injection ]]
*[[Evans syndrome]]
*[[Exertion]]
*[[Ezetimibe/simvastatin]]
*[[Fabry's disease]]
*[[Fairbanks disease]]
*[[Fenofibrate ]]
*[[fever]]
*[[Fibromyalgia]]
*[[Floxuridine ]]
*[[Fluconazole Injection ]]
*[[Fludarabine Phosphate ]]
*[[Fluorouracil ]]
*[[Fungemia]]
*[[Gastric dumping syndrome]]
*[[Gastric lymphoma]]
*[[Gastroenteritis]]
*Gastrointestinal bleeding (GI)
*[[Gaucher's disease]]
*[[Gemcitabine Hydrochloride ]]
*[[Generalized anxiety disorder]]
*[[Gentamicin Sulfate Injection ]]
*[[Gestational diabetes]]
*[[Giant Cell Arteritis]]
*[[Gitelman syndrome]]
*[[Graves' Disease]]
*[[Grifulvin V]]
*[[Griseofulvin ]]
*[[Guanfacine]]
*[[Gulf War syndrome]]
*[[H1 antihistamine]]
*[[Hairy cell leukemia]]
*[[Hangover]]
*[[Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome]]
*[[Hashimoto's thyroiditis]]
*[[Hay fever]]
*[[Helicobacter pylori infection]]
*[[Hemochromatosis]]
*[[Hemolytic anemia]]
*[[Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome]]
*[[Hepatitis A]]
*[[Hepatitis C]]
*[[Hereditary elliptocytosis]]
*[[Hereditary spherocytosis]]
*[[Herpes simplex virus]]
*[[HIV]]
*[[Hodgkin's lymphoma]]
*[[Hookworm]]
*[[Hydrogen sulfide]]
*[[Hyperaldosteronism]]
*[[Hypercalcemia]]
*[[Hyperglycemia]]
*[[Hypermobility]]
*[[Hyperparathyroidism]]
*[[Hypertensive heart disease]]
*[[Hyperthyroidism]]
*[[Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy]]
*[[Hypervitaminosis D]]
*[[Hypocalcemia]]
*[[Hypoglycemia]]
*[[Hypogonadism]]
*[[Hypokalemia]]
*[[Hypopituitarism]]
*[[Hypotension]]
*[[Hypothyroidism]]
*[[Idarubicin ]]
*[[Ifosfamide ]]
*[[Inappropriate sinus tachycardia]]
*[[Indapamide]]
*[[Infectious mononucleosis]]
*[[Infective endocarditis]]
*[[Inflammatory Bowel Disease]]
{{ColBreak}}
*[[Influenza]]
*[[Interferon Alfa-2a and Alfa-2b Injection ]]
*[[Interferon Gamma-1b Injection ]]
*[[Interstitial nephritis]]
*[[Irritable bowel syndrome]]
*[[Itraconazole]]
*[[Kikuchi disease]]
*[[Labetalol]]
*[[Lamivudine ]]
*[[Lamotrigine]]
*[[Lassa fever]]
*[[Lead poisoning]]
*[[Leukemia]]
*[[Levocetirizine]]
*[[Lomustine ]]
*[[Loperamide]]
*[[Low-carbohydrate diet]]
*[[Lower respiratory tract infection]]
*[[Lung cancer]]
*[[Lyme disease]]
*[[Lymphoma]]
*Major Depression
*[[Malignancy]]
*[[Maprotiline]]
*[[Marburg hemorrhagic fever]]
*[[Marfan syndrome]]
*[[Mechlorethamine ]]
*[[Megaloblastic Anemias]]
*[[Meloxicam]]
*[[Melphalan ]]
*[[Mercaptopurine ]]
*[[Meropenem Injection ]]
*[[Mesna ]]
*[[Mesothelioma]]
*[[Metal fume fever]]
*[[Methemoglobinemia]]
*[[Methotrexate Injection ]]
*[[Metoclopramide Hydrochloride Injection ]]
*[[Mifepristone]]
*[[Migraine]]
*[[Milk-alkali syndrome]]
*[[Mitomycin ]]
*[[Mitral Stenosis]]
*[[Mitral valve prolapse]]
*[[Molybdenum]]
*[[Monocrotophos]]
*[[Motion sickness]]
*[[Moxonidine]]
*[[Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1]]
*[[Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2]]
*[[Multiple myeloma]]
*[[Multiple sclerosis]]
*[[Mushroom poisoning]]
*[[Myasthenia gravis]]
*[[Mycobacterium avium complex infection]]
*[[Mycophenolic acid]]
*[[Myelodysplastic Syndrome]]
*[[Myleofibrosis]]
*[[Myoadenylate deaminase deficiency]]
*[[Myocardial infarction]]
*[[Myofascial pain syndrome]]
*[[Nadolol]]
*[[Naphthalene]]
*[[Nebivolol]]
*[[Neisseria meningitidis]]
*[[Neuroblastoma]]
*[[Neuroglycopenia]]
*Neuromuscular weakness
*[[Nitrazepam]]
*[[Non-24-hour sleep-wake syndrome]]
*[[Noncompaction cardiomyopathy]]
*[[Non-Hodgkin lymphoma]]
*[[Osteitis fibrosa cystica]]
*[[Osteomalacia]]
*[[Osteomyelitis]]
*[[Ovarian cancer]]
*[[Ovarian cyst]]
*[[Oxaliplatin]]
*[[Oxcarbazepine]]
*[[Paclitaxel ]]
*[[Panniculitis]]
*[[Pantothenic acid]]
*[[Parkinson's disease]]
*[[Pegaspargase ]]
*[[Pentamidine Inhalation ]]
*[[Pentostatin ]]
*[[Pericardial constriction]]
*Perimenopause
*[[Perindopril]]
*[[Pernicious anemia]]
*[[Phenelzine]]
*[[Phlegmon]]
*[[Pityriasis rosea]]
*[[Plicamycin ]]
*[[Pneumonia]]
*[[Polyarteritis nodosa]]
*[[Polycystic kidney disease]]
*[[Polycythemia Vera]]
*[[Polymyalgia Rheumatica]]
*[[Polymyositis]]
*[[Post-concussion syndrome]]
*[[Postnatal depression]]
*[[Post-polio syndrome]]
*[[Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome]]
{{ColBreak}}
*[[Post-viral fatigue syndrome]]
*[[Praziquantel]]
*[[Pregnancy]]
*[[Premenstrual syndrome]]
*[[Primary biliary cirrhosis]]
*[[Procarbazine ]]
*[[Promethazine]]
*[[Pseudomembranous colitis]]
*[[Psychosomatic illness]]
*[[Pulmonary hypertension]]
*[[Pure autonomic failure]]
*[[Pyruvate carboxylase deficiency]]
*[[Quinapril]]
*[[Quinidine Oral ]]
*[[Radafaxine]]
*[[Radiation poisoning]]
*[[Reactive hypoglycemia]]
*[[Reserpine]]
*[[Respiratory acidosis]]
*[[Respiratory failure]]
*[[Rhinovirus]]
*[[Rifabutin ]]
*[[Right Ventricular Outflow Tract Obstruction]]
*[[Rilmenidine]]
*[[Rizatriptan ]]
*[[Ross River Fever]]
*[[Sarcoidosis]]
*[[Sargramostim injection ]]
*[[Satratoxin-H]]
*[[Scarlet fever]]
*[[Schistosomiasis]]
*[[Sheehan's Syndrome]]
*[[Shock (medical)]]
*[[Short bowel syndrome]]
*[[Sick building syndrome]]
*[[Sick sinus syndrome]]
*[[Sickle-cell disease]]
*[[Silicosis]]
*[[Sinusitis]]
*[[Sjogren's Syndrome]]
*[[Sleep deprivation]]
*[[Sleep disorder]]
*[[Sleeping sickness]]
*[[SSRI discontinuation syndrome]]
*[[ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction Symptoms]]
*[[Starvation]]
*[[Still's disease]]
*[[Stomach cancer]]
*[[Streptozocin ]]
*[[Stress (medicine)]]
*[[Subacute bacterial endocarditis]]
*[[Syphillis]]
*[[Systemic lupus erythematosus]]
*[[Takayasu's arteritis]]
*[[Temozolomide ]]
*[[Teniposide ]]
*[[Terazosin]]
*[[Thalidomide]]
*[[Thiabendazole]]
*[[thiazide]]
*[[Thioguanine ]]
*[[Thiotepa ]]
*[[Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura]]
*[[Tinidazole]]
*[[Tobramycin Sulfate Injection ]]
*[[Tolosa-Hunt syndrome]]
*[[Topiramate]]
*[[Topotecan Hydrochloride ]]
*[[Torsemide Injection ]]
*[[Torsemide Oral ]]
*[[Tralomethrin]]
*[[Trandolapril]]
*[[Trastuzumab ]]
*[[Trazodone]]
*[[Trepanation]]
*[[Trestolone]]
*[[Tricuspid Regurgitation]]
*[[Trifascicular block]]
*[[Trimetrexate Glucuronate ]]
*[[Trovafloxacin ]]
*[[Tuberculosis]]
*[[Tularemia]]
*[[Ulcerative colitis]]
*[[Upper Airway Resistance Syndrome (UARS)]]
*[[Urinary tract infection]]
*[[Valaciclovir]]
*[[Valproic acid]]
*[[Valvular Heart Disease]]
*[[Venlafaxine]]
*[[Ventricular Septal Defect]]
*[[Vicodin]]
*[[Vigabatrin]]
*[[Vinblastine ]]
*[[Vinorelbine Tartrate ]]
*[[Viral Hemorrhagic Fever]]
*[[Vitamin C megadosage]]
*[[Wegener's granulomatosis]]
*[[Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome]]
*[[Zalcitabine ]]
*[[Zidovudine Injection ]]
*[[Zileuton ]]
*[[Zoledronate]]
*[[Zopiclone]]
{{EndMultiCol}}
 
===Complete Differential Diagnosis of the Causes of fatigue===
(By organ system)
{|style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
{|style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
|style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Cardiovascular'''
|style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Cardiovascular'''
Line 978: Line 557:
|-
|-
|}
|}
===Causes in Alphabetical Order===
{{MultiCol}}
*[[1,3-Dichloropropene]]
*[[5-MeO-AMT]]
*[[Accessory pancreas]]
*[[Aciclovir]]
*[[Acute bronchitis]]
*[[Acute Hepatitis]]
*[[Acute lymphoblastic leukemia]]
*[[Acute myeloid leukemia]]
*[[Acute prostatitis]]
*[[Acute viral nasopharyngitis (common cold)]]
*[[Adderall]]
*[[Addison's disease]]
*[[Adiposis dolorosa]]
*[[Adrenal metastases]]
*[[African Trypanosomiasis]]
*[[AIDS]]
*[[Airsickness]]
*[[Aldesleukin ]]
*[[Altitude sickness]]
*[[Altretamine ]]
*[[Amikacin Sulfate Injection ]]
*[[Amiloride and Hydrochlorothiazide ]]
*[[Andropause]]
*[[Anemia]]
*[[Angina pectoris]]
*[[Ankylosing spondylitis]]
*[[Anorexia Nervosa]]
*[[Anxiety disorder]]
*[[Arnold-Chiari malformation]]
*[[Ascites]]
*[[Atrial fibrillation]]
*[[Auranofin ]]
*[[Autoimmune disease]]
*[[Azelastine]]
*[[Azotemia]]
*[[B12 Deficiency]]
*[[Bacterial pneumonia]]
*[[Barbiturate]]
*[[Barth syndrome]]
*[[Becker's muscular dystrophy]]
*[[Benign fasciculation syndrome]]
*[[Beta-blockers]]
*[[Bezafibrate]]
*[[Bipolar disorder]]
*[[Blastocystosis]]
*[[Blood transfusion]]
*[[Botulism]]
*[[Brain abscess]]
*[[Bromopride]]
*[[Bulimia nervosa]]
*[[Busulfan ]]
*[[Cadmium]]
*[[Cancer Syndrome]]
*[[Carbon monoxide poisoning]]
*[[Carboplatin ]]
*[[Cardiac amyloidosis]]
*[[Cardiogenic shock]]
*[[Carmustine ]]
*[[Celiac disease]]
*[[Cerebrovascular arteriosclerosis]]
*[[Cerivastatin ]]
*[[Cervical cancer]]
*[[Chlorambucil ]]
*[[Chloropyramine]]
*[[Cholesterol pericarditis]]
*[[Chronic bronchitis]]
*[[Chronic Fatigue Syndrome]]
*[[Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy]]
*[[Chronic kidney disease]]
*[[Chronic Liver Disease]]
*[[Chronic mountain sickness]]
*[[Chronic myelogenous leukemia]]
*[[Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease]]
*[[Chronic pancreatitis]]
*[[Chronic pyelonephritis]]
*[[Chronic renal failure]]
*[[Ciguatera]]
*[[Cirrhosis]]
*[[Citalopram]]
*[[Citrulline]]
*[[Citrus]]
*[[Cladosporium]]
*[[Cladribine ]]
*[[Clinical depression]]
*[[Clobenzorex]]
*[[Clomipramine]]
*[[Clonidine]]
*[[Coccidioidomycosis]]
*[[Cogan syndrome]]
*[[Congenital Heart Disease]]
*[[Congestive Heart Failure]]
*[[Connective Tissue Disease]]
*[[Conn's Syndrome]]
*[[Constrictive pericarditis]]
*[[Conversion disorder]]
*[[Coronary Artery Disease]]
*[[Coronary Artery Fistula]]
*[[Crohn's disease]]
*[[Cushing's Disease]]
*[[Cytarabine ]]
*[[Da Costa's syndrome]]
*[[Dacarbazine ]]
*[[Dantrolene Oral ]]
{{ColBreak}}
*[[Daunorubicin ]]
*[[Decompression sickness]]
*[[Dehydration]]
*[[Delavirdine]]
*[[Depo-Provera]]
*[[Diabetes mellitus]]
*[[Diabulimia]]
*[[Diborane]]
*[[Dientamoebiasis]]
*[[Diflunisal]]
*[[Diphtheria]]
*[[Dobutamine Hydrochloride Injection ]]
*[[Docetaxel ]]
*[[Double Outlet Right Ventricle]]
*[[Doxepin]]
*[[Doxorubicin ]]
*[[Duchenne muscular dystrophy]]
*[[Duloxetine]]
*[[Ebola hemorrhagic fever]]
*[[Emergency contraception]]
*[[Emotional exhaustion]]
*[[Emphysema]]
*[[Empty sella syndrome]]
*[[Encephalomyelitis]]
*[[Endometriosis]]
*[[Engelmann syndrome]]
*[[Entamoeba histolytica]]
*[[Enterovirus]]
*[[Epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica]]
*[[Epstein-Barr virus]]
*[[Erysipelas]]
*[[Ethylene]]
*[[Etoposide Oral and Injection ]]
*[[Evans syndrome]]
*[[Exertion]]
*[[Ezetimibe/simvastatin]]
*[[Fabry's disease]]
*[[Fairbanks disease]]
*[[Fenofibrate ]]
*[[fever]]
*[[Fibromyalgia]]
*[[Floxuridine ]]
*[[Fluconazole Injection ]]
*[[Fludarabine Phosphate ]]
*[[Fluorouracil ]]
*[[Fungemia]]
*[[Gastric dumping syndrome]]
*[[Gastric lymphoma]]
*[[Gastroenteritis]]
*Gastrointestinal bleeding (GI)
*[[Gaucher's disease]]
*[[Gemcitabine Hydrochloride ]]
*[[Generalized anxiety disorder]]
*[[Gentamicin Sulfate Injection ]]
*[[Gestational diabetes]]
*[[Giant Cell Arteritis]]
*[[Gitelman syndrome]]
*[[Graves' Disease]]
*[[Grifulvin V]]
*[[Griseofulvin ]]
*[[Guanfacine]]
*[[Gulf War syndrome]]
*[[H1 antihistamine]]
*[[Hairy cell leukemia]]
*[[Hangover]]
*[[Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome]]
*[[Hashimoto's thyroiditis]]
*[[Hay fever]]
*[[Helicobacter pylori infection]]
*[[Hemochromatosis]]
*[[Hemolytic anemia]]
*[[Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome]]
*[[Hepatitis A]]
*[[Hepatitis C]]
*[[Hereditary elliptocytosis]]
*[[Hereditary spherocytosis]]
*[[Herpes simplex virus]]
*[[HIV]]
*[[Hodgkin's lymphoma]]
*[[Hookworm]]
*[[Hydrogen sulfide]]
*[[Hyperaldosteronism]]
*[[Hypercalcemia]]
*[[Hyperglycemia]]
*[[Hypermobility]]
*[[Hyperparathyroidism]]
*[[Hypertensive heart disease]]
*[[Hyperthyroidism]]
*[[Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy]]
*[[Hypervitaminosis D]]
*[[Hypocalcemia]]
*[[Hypoglycemia]]
*[[Hypogonadism]]
*[[Hypokalemia]]
*[[Hypopituitarism]]
*[[Hypotension]]
*[[Hypothyroidism]]
*[[Idarubicin ]]
*[[Ifosfamide ]]
*[[Inappropriate sinus tachycardia]]
*[[Indapamide]]
*[[Infectious mononucleosis]]
*[[Infective endocarditis]]
*[[Inflammatory Bowel Disease]]
{{ColBreak}}
*[[Influenza]]
*[[Interferon Alfa-2a and Alfa-2b Injection ]]
*[[Interferon Gamma-1b Injection ]]
*[[Interstitial nephritis]]
*[[Irritable bowel syndrome]]
*[[Itraconazole]]
*[[Kikuchi disease]]
*[[Labetalol]]
*[[Lamivudine ]]
*[[Lamotrigine]]
*[[Lassa fever]]
*[[Lead poisoning]]
*[[Leukemia]]
*[[Levocetirizine]]
*[[Lomustine ]]
*[[Loperamide]]
*[[Low-carbohydrate diet]]
*[[Lower respiratory tract infection]]
*[[Lung cancer]]
*[[Lyme disease]]
*[[Lymphoma]]
*Major Depression
*[[Malignancy]]
*[[Maprotiline]]
*[[Marburg hemorrhagic fever]]
*[[Marfan syndrome]]
*[[Mechlorethamine ]]
*[[Megaloblastic Anemias]]
*[[Meloxicam]]
*[[Melphalan ]]
*[[Mercaptopurine ]]
*[[Meropenem Injection ]]
*[[Mesna ]]
*[[Mesothelioma]]
*[[Metal fume fever]]
*[[Methemoglobinemia]]
*[[Methotrexate Injection ]]
*[[Metoclopramide Hydrochloride Injection ]]
*[[Mifepristone]]
*[[Migraine]]
*[[Milk-alkali syndrome]]
*[[Mitomycin ]]
*[[Mitral Stenosis]]
*[[Mitral valve prolapse]]
*[[Molybdenum]]
*[[Monocrotophos]]
*[[Motion sickness]]
*[[Moxonidine]]
*[[Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1]]
*[[Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2]]
*[[Multiple myeloma]]
*[[Multiple sclerosis]]
*[[Mushroom poisoning]]
*[[Myasthenia gravis]]
*[[Mycobacterium avium complex infection]]
*[[Mycophenolic acid]]
*[[Myelodysplastic Syndrome]]
*[[Myleofibrosis]]
*[[Myoadenylate deaminase deficiency]]
*[[Myocardial infarction]]
*[[Myofascial pain syndrome]]
*[[Nadolol]]
*[[Naphthalene]]
*[[Nebivolol]]
*[[Neisseria meningitidis]]
*[[Neuroblastoma]]
*[[Neuroglycopenia]]
*Neuromuscular weakness
*[[Nitrazepam]]
*[[Non-24-hour sleep-wake syndrome]]
*[[Noncompaction cardiomyopathy]]
*[[Non-Hodgkin lymphoma]]
*[[Osteitis fibrosa cystica]]
*[[Osteomalacia]]
*[[Osteomyelitis]]
*[[Ovarian cancer]]
*[[Ovarian cyst]]
*[[Oxaliplatin]]
*[[Oxcarbazepine]]
*[[Paclitaxel ]]
*[[Panniculitis]]
*[[Pantothenic acid]]
*[[Parkinson's disease]]
*[[Pegaspargase ]]
*[[Pentamidine Inhalation ]]
*[[Pentostatin ]]
*[[Pericardial constriction]]
*Perimenopause
*[[Perindopril]]
*[[Pernicious anemia]]
*[[Phenelzine]]
*[[Phlegmon]]
*[[Pityriasis rosea]]
*[[Plicamycin ]]
*[[Pneumonia]]
*[[Polyarteritis nodosa]]
*[[Polycystic kidney disease]]
*[[Polycythemia Vera]]
*[[Polymyalgia Rheumatica]]
*[[Polymyositis]]
*[[Post-concussion syndrome]]
*[[Postnatal depression]]
*[[Post-polio syndrome]]
*[[Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome]]
{{ColBreak}}
*[[Post-viral fatigue syndrome]]
*[[Praziquantel]]
*[[Pregnancy]]
*[[Premenstrual syndrome]]
*[[Primary biliary cirrhosis]]
*[[Procarbazine ]]
*[[Promethazine]]
*[[Pseudomembranous colitis]]
*[[Psychosomatic illness]]
*[[Pulmonary hypertension]]
*[[Pure autonomic failure]]
*[[Pyruvate carboxylase deficiency]]
*[[Quinapril]]
*[[Quinidine Oral ]]
*[[Radafaxine]]
*[[Radiation poisoning]]
*[[Reactive hypoglycemia]]
*[[Reserpine]]
*[[Respiratory acidosis]]
*[[Respiratory failure]]
*[[Rhinovirus]]
*[[Rifabutin ]]
*[[Right Ventricular Outflow Tract Obstruction]]
*[[Rilmenidine]]
*[[Rizatriptan ]]
*[[Ross River Fever]]
*[[Sarcoidosis]]
*[[Sargramostim injection ]]
*[[Satratoxin-H]]
*[[Scarlet fever]]
*[[Schistosomiasis]]
*[[Sheehan's Syndrome]]
*[[Shock (medical)]]
*[[Short bowel syndrome]]
*[[Sick building syndrome]]
*[[Sick sinus syndrome]]
*[[Sickle-cell disease]]
*[[Silicosis]]
*[[Sinusitis]]
*[[Sjogren's Syndrome]]
*[[Sleep deprivation]]
*[[Sleep disorder]]
*[[Sleeping sickness]]
*[[SSRI discontinuation syndrome]]
*[[ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction Symptoms]]
*[[Starvation]]
*[[Still's disease]]
*[[Stomach cancer]]
*[[Streptozocin ]]
*[[Stress (medicine)]]
*[[Subacute bacterial endocarditis]]
*[[Syphillis]]
*[[Systemic lupus erythematosus]]
*[[Takayasu's arteritis]]
*[[Temozolomide ]]
*[[Teniposide ]]
*[[Terazosin]]
*[[Thalidomide]]
*[[Thiabendazole]]
*[[thiazide]]
*[[Thioguanine ]]
*[[Thiotepa ]]
*[[Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura]]
*[[Tinidazole]]
*[[Tobramycin Sulfate Injection ]]
*[[Tolosa-Hunt syndrome]]
*[[Topiramate]]
*[[Topotecan Hydrochloride ]]
*[[Torsemide Injection ]]
*[[Torsemide Oral ]]
*[[Tralomethrin]]
*[[Trandolapril]]
*[[Trastuzumab ]]
*[[Trazodone]]
*[[Trepanation]]
*[[Trestolone]]
*[[Tricuspid Regurgitation]]
*[[Trifascicular block]]
*[[Trimetrexate Glucuronate ]]
*[[Trovafloxacin ]]
*[[Tuberculosis]]
*[[Tularemia]]
*[[Ulcerative colitis]]
*[[Upper Airway Resistance Syndrome (UARS)]]
*[[Urinary tract infection]]
*[[Valaciclovir]]
*[[Valproic acid]]
*[[Valvular Heart Disease]]
*[[Venlafaxine]]
*[[Ventricular Septal Defect]]
*[[Vicodin]]
*[[Vigabatrin]]
*[[Vinblastine ]]
*[[Vinorelbine Tartrate ]]
*[[Viral Hemorrhagic Fever]]
*[[Vitamin C megadosage]]
*[[Wegener's granulomatosis]]
*[[Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome]]
*[[Zalcitabine ]]
*[[Zidovudine Injection ]]
*[[Zileuton ]]
*[[Zoledronate]]
*[[Zopiclone]]
{{EndMultiCol}}


== Diagnosis ==  
== Diagnosis ==  

Revision as of 15:48, 24 August 2012

Fatigue
ICD-10 R53
ICD-9 780.7
DiseasesDB 30079
MedlinePlus 003088
MeSH D005221

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor-In-Chief: M.Umer Tariq [2]

Overview

The word fatigue is used in everyday living to describe a range of afflictions, varying from a general state of lethargy to a specific work-induced burning sensation within one's muscles. It can be both physical and mental. Physical fatigue is the inability to continue functioning at the level of one's normal abilities[1][2][3]. It is ubiquitous in everyday life, but usually becomes particularly noticeable during heavy exercise. Mental fatigue, on the other hand, rather manifests in somnolence.

Clasification

Physical fatigue

Physical fatigue or muscle weakness (or "lack of strength") is a direct term for the inability to exert force with ones muscles to the degree that would be expected given the individual's general physical fitness. A test of strength is often used during a diagnosis of a muscular disorder before the etiology can be identified. Such etiology depends on the type of muscle weakness, which can be true or perceived as well as central or peripheral. True weakness is substantial, while perceived rather is a sensation of having to put more effort to do the same task. On the other hand, central muscle weakness is an overall exhaustion of the whole body, while peripheral weakness is an exhaustion of individual muscles.

Mental fatigue

Template:Seealso In addition to physical, fatigue also includes mental fatigue, not necessarily including any muscle fatigue. Such a mental fatigue, in turn, can manifest itself both as somnolence (decreased wakefulness) or just as a general decrease of attention, not necessarily including sleepiness. In any case, this can be dangerous when performing tasks that require constant concentration, such as driving a vehicle. For instance, when a person is sufficiently somnolent, he or she may experience microsleeps. However, objective cognitive testing should be done to differentiate the neurocognitive deficits of brain disease from those attributable to tiredness.

Pathophysiology

The sense of fatigue is believed to originate in the reticular activating system of the lower brain. Musculoskeletal structures may have co-evolved with appropriate brain structures so that the complete unit functions together in a constructive and adaptive fashion.[4] The entire systems of muscles, joints, and proprioceptive and kinesthetic functions plus parts of the brain evolve and function together in a unitary way.[5]

Causes

Common Causes

Fatigue is typically the result of working, mental stress, jet lag or active recreation, depression, and also boredom, disease and lack of sleep. It may also have chemical causes, such as poisoning or mineral or vitamin deficiencies.

Diseases

Temporary fatigue is likely to be e.g. common cold. Chronic fatigue, on the other hand, meaning of six months or more duration, is a symptom of a large number of different diseases on conditions.

Medications

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular

Angina pectoris, Atrial fibrillation, Cardiac amyloidosis, Cardiogenic shock, Cerebrovascular arteriosclerosis, Cholesterol pericarditis, Congenital Heart Disease, Congestive Heart Failure, Constrictive pericarditis, Coronary Artery Disease, Coronary Artery Fistula, Double Outlet Right Ventricle, Giant Cell Arteritis, Hypertensive heart disease, Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, Hypotension, Inappropriate sinus tachycardia, Infective endocarditis, Mitral Stenosis, Mitral valve prolapse, Myocardial infarction, Pericardial constriction, Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome, Right Ventricular Outflow Tract Obstruction, Sick sinus syndrome, Subacute bacterial endocarditis, Tricuspid Regurgitation, Trifascicular block, Ventricular Septal Defect, Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome,

Chemical / poisoning

Cadmium, Carbon monoxide poisoning, Ciguatera, Naphthalene, 1,3-Dichloropropene, Ethylene, Lead poisoning, Metal fume fever, Monocrotophos, Silicosis,

Dermatologic

Erysipelas, Pityriasis rosea,

Drug Side Effect

Aciclovir, Adderall, Aldesleukin , Altretamine , Amikacin Sulfate Injection , Amiloride and Hydrochlorothiazide , Auranofin , Azelastine, Bezafibrate, Bromopride, Busulfan , Carboplatin , Carmustine , Cerivastatin , Chlorambucil , Chloropyramine, Citalopram, Citrulline, Cladribine , Clobenzorex, Clomipramine, Clonidine, Dacarbazine , Dantrolene Oral , Daunorubicin , Delavirdine, Depo-Provera, Diborane, Diflunisal, Dobutamine Hydrochloride Injection , Docetaxel , Doxepin, Doxorubicin , Duloxetine, Etoposide, Ezetimibe/simvastatin, Fenofibrate , Floxuridine , Fluconazole Injection , Fludarabine Phosphate , Fluorouracil , Gemcitabine Hydrochloride , Gentamicin Sulfate Injection , Grifulvin V, Griseofulvin , Guanfacine, H1 antihistamine, Idarubicin , Ifosfamide , Indapamide, Interferon Alfa-2a and Alfa-2b Injection , Interferon Gamma-1b Injection , Itraconazole, Labetalol, Lamivudine , Lamotrigine, Levocetirizine, Lomustine , Loperamide, Maprotiline, Mechlorethamine , Meloxicam, Mercaptopurine , Meropenem Injection , Methotrexate Injection , Metoclopramide Hydrochloride Injection , Mifepristone, Mitomycin , Molybdenum, Moxonidine, Mycophenolic acid, Nadolol, Nebivolol, Nitrazepam, Oxaliplatin, Oxcarbazepine, Paclitaxel , Pantothenic acid, Pegaspargase , Pentamidine Inhalation , Pentostatin , Perindopril, Phenelzine, Plicamycin , Praziquantel, Procarbazine , Promethazine, Quinapril, Quinidine Oral , Radafaxine, Reserpine, Rifabutin , Rilmenidine, Rizatriptan , Sargramostim injection , Streptozocin , Temozolomide , Teniposide , Terazosin, Thalidomide, Thiabendazole, thiazide, Thioguanine , Thiotepa , Tinidazole, Tobramycin Sulfate Injection , Topotecan Hydrochloride , Torsemide Injection , Torsemide Oral , Tralomethrin, Trandolapril, Trastuzumab , Trazodone, Trepanation, Trestolone, Trimetrexate Glucuronate , Trovafloxacin , Valaciclovir, Valproic acid, Venlafaxine, Vicodin, Vigabatrin, Vinblastine , Vinorelbine Tartrate , Zalcitabine , Zidovudine Injection , Zileuton , Zoledronate, Zopiclone,

Ear Nose Throat

Acute viral nasopharyngitis (common cold), Sinusitis,

Endocrine

Addison's disease, Conn's Syndrome, Cushing's Disease, Diabetes mellitus, Empty sella syndrome, Graves' Disease, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, Hyperparathyroidism, Hyperthyroidism, Hypogonadism, Hypopituitarism, Hypothyroidism,

Environmental No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic

Accessory pancreas, Ascites, Celiac disease, Chronic Liver Disease, Chronic pancreatitis, Cirrhosis, Crohn's disease, Gastric dumping syndrome, Gastric lymphoma, Gastroenteritis, Gastrointestinal bleeding, Hepatitis A, Hepatitis C, Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Irritable bowel syndrome, Pseudomembranous colitis, Ulcerative colitis,

Genetic

Barth syndrome, Becker's muscular dystrophy, Engelmann syndrome, Epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica, Fabry's disease, Fairbanks disease, Marfan syndrome, Myoadenylate deaminase deficiency,

Hematologic

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia, Acute myeloid leukemia, Anemia, Chronic myelogenous leukemia, Fungemia, Hairy cell leukemia, Hemochromatosis, Hemolytic anemia, Hereditary elliptocytosis, Hereditary spherocytosis, Leukemia, Megaloblastic Anemias, Methemoglobinemia, Polycythemia Vera, Sickle-cell disease,

Iatrogenic

Blood transfusion, Radiation poisoning, Short bowel syndrome,

Infectious Disease

African Trypanosomiasis, AIDS, Bacterial pneumonia, Blastocystosis, Botulism, Coccidioidomycosis, Dientamoebiasis, Diphtheria, Ebola hemorrhagic fever, Entamoeba histolytica, Enterovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, Helicobacter pylori infection, Herpes simplex virus, HIV, Hookworm, Infectious mononucleosis, Influenza, Lassa fever, Lyme disease, Marburg hemorrhagic fever, Mycobacterium avium complex infection, Neisseria meningitidis, Post-polio syndrome, Post-viral fatigue syndrome, Rhinovirus, Schistosomiasis, Syphillis, Tuberculosis, Tularemia, Viral Hemorrhagic Fever,

Musculoskeletal / Ortho

Ankylosing spondylitis, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, Fairbanks disease, Osteitis fibrosa cystica, Osteomalacia, Osteomyelitis, Polymyalgia Rheumatica, Pregnancy, Still's disease,

Neurologic

Arnold-Chiari malformation, Benign fasciculation syndrome, Bipolar disorder, Brain abscess, Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, Encephalomyelitis, Migraine, Multiple sclerosis, Neuroglycopenia, Neuromuscular weakness, Parkinson's disease, Post-concussion syndrome,

Nutritional / Metabolic

B12 Deficiency, Gaucher's disease, Low-carbohydrate diet, Milk-alkali syndrome, Mushroom poisoning, Pernicious anemia, Pyruvate carboxylase deficiency, Vitamin C megadosage,

Obstetric/Gynecologic

Cervical cancer, Endometriosis, Gestational diabetes, Ovarian cancer, Ovarian cyst, Perimenopause, Sheehan's Syndrome,

Oncologic

Adrenal metastases, Cancer Syndrome, Hodgkin's lymphoma, Mesothelioma, Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1, Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2, Multiple myeloma, Myelodysplastic Syndrome, Myleofibrosis, Neuroblastoma,

Opthalmologic

Cogan syndrome, Tolosa-Hunt syndrome,

Overdose / Toxicity

Barbiturate, Hydrogen sulfide, Hypervitaminosis D, Satratoxin-H,

Psychiatric

Anorexia Nervosa, Anxiety disorder, Bulimia nervosa, Clinical depression, Conversion disorder, Da Costa's syndrome, Diabulimia, Major Depression, Postnatal depression, Psychosomatic illness, Sick building syndrome,

Pulmonary

Bronchitis, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Emphysema, Lower respiratory tract infection, Lung cancer, Pneumonia, Pulmonary hypertension, Respiratory acidosis, Upper Airway Resistance Syndrome (UARS),

Renal / Electrolyte

Azotemia, Chronic kidney disease, Chronic pyelonephritis, Chronic renal failure, Gitelman syndrome, Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, Hypercalcemia, Hypocalcemia, Hypokalemia, Interstitial nephritis, Polycystic kidney disease, Urinary tract infection,

Rheum / Immune / Allergy

Evans syndrome, Hay fever, Myasthenia gravis, Panniculitis, Phlegmon, Polyarteritis nodosa, Polymyositis, Primary biliary cirrhosis, Sarcoidosis, Sjogren's Syndrome, Systemic lupus erythematosus, Takayasu's arteritis, Wegener's granulomatosis,

Sexual

Acute prostatitis, Andropause,

Trauma No underlying causes
Urologic No underlying causes
Miscellaneous

Adiposis dolorosa, Airsickness, Altitude sickness, Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, Chronic mountain sickness, Decompression sickness, Dehydration, Exertion, fever, Fibromyalgia, Hangover, Hyperglycemia, Hypermobility, Hypoglycemia, Kikuchi disease, Motion sickness, Myofascial pain syndrome, Reactive hypoglycemia, Sleep deprivation, Sleep disorder, Sleeping sickness, SSRI discontinuation syndrome,

Causes in Alphabetical Order


Diagnosis

Laboratory Findings

Treatment

  • Treatment of underlying medical etiologies
  • Discontinue (or switch) harmful/aggravating medications
  • Schedule regular physical activity
  • Improvement of sleep hygiene
  • Cognitive behavioral psychiatric therapy
  • Referral to possible support groups
  • Weight loss (for obesity)
  • Supportive care, healthy diet, moderate exercise (chronic fatigue syndrome and fibromyalgia)

See also

Pharmacotherapy

Acute Pharmacotherapies

  • Antidepressants

References

  1. Gandevia SC (1992). "Some central and peripheral factors affecting human motoneuronal output in neuromuscular fatigue". Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.). 13 (2): 93–8. PMID 1561512.
  2. Hagberg M (1981). "Muscular endurance and surface electromyogram in isometric and dynamic exercise". Journal of applied physiology: respiratory, environmental and exercise physiology. 51 (1): 1–7. PMID 7263402.
  3. Hawley JA, Reilly T (1997). "Fatigue revisited". Journal of sports sciences. 15 (3): 245–6. PMID 9232549.
  4. Edelman, Gerald Maurice (1989). The remembered present: a biological theory of consciousness. New York: Basic Books. ISBN 0-465-06910-X.
  5. Kelso, J. A. Scott (1995). Dynamic patterns: the self-organization of brain and behavior. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press. ISBN 0-262-61131-7.
  6. "Fatigue caused by medications".


Template:Skin and subcutaneous tissue symptoms and signs Template:Nervous and musculoskeletal system symptoms and signs Template:Urinary system symptoms and signs Template:Cognition, perception, emotional state and behaviour symptoms and signs Template:Speech and voice symptoms and signs Template:General symptoms and signs


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