Corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor: Difference between revisions

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== Function ==
== Function ==
CRHRs are important mediators in the [[stress (medicine)|stress]] response.<ref name="pmid12431840">{{cite journal | vauthors = Grammatopoulos DK, Chrousos GP | title = Functional characteristics of CRH receptors and potential clinical applications of CRH-receptor antagonists | journal = Trends Endocrinol. Metab. | volume = 13 | issue = 10 | pages = 436–44 | year = 2002 | pmid = 12431840 | doi = 10.1016/S1043-2760(02)00670-7 | issn = }}</ref> Cells in the [[anterior pituitary|anterior lobe]] of the [[pituitary gland]] known as [[corticotropes]] express the receptors and will secrete [[adrenocorticotropic hormone|adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)]] when stimulated.  This binding of [[Corticotropin-releasing hormone|Corticotropin Releasing-Hormone (CRH)]] activates the [[Hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis|hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis]], one of the two parts of the fight-or-flight response to stress.<ref name="pmid3012395">{{cite journal | vauthors = Aguilera G, Wynn PC, Harwood JP, Hauger RL, Millan MA, Grewe C, Catt KJ | title = Receptor-mediated actions of corticotropin-releasing factor in pituitary gland and nervous system | journal = Neuroendocrinology | volume = 43 | issue = 1 | pages = 79–88 | year = 1986 | pmid = 3012395 | doi = 10.1159/000124513| issn = }}</ref> CRHRs are also present in other brain areas such as the [[amygdala]], [[locus coeruleus]] and [[hippocampus]].  Within the hippocampus, the CRHR1s are most abundant, residing mainly on the [[pyramidal cells]] of CA1 and CA3.  Chronic activation of CRHR1s by CRH induced by early life stress has been shown to underlie memory deficits and learning impairments and anxiety in adulthood.
CRHRs are important mediators in the [[stress (medicine)|stress]] response.<ref name="pmid12431840">{{cite journal | vauthors = Grammatopoulos DK, Chrousos GP | title = Functional characteristics of CRH receptors and potential clinical applications of CRH-receptor antagonists | journal = Trends Endocrinol. Metab. | volume = 13 | issue = 10 | pages = 436–44 | year = 2002 | pmid = 12431840 | doi = 10.1016/S1043-2760(02)00670-7 | issn = }}</ref> Cells in the [[anterior pituitary|anterior lobe]] of the [[pituitary gland]] known as [[corticotropes]] express the receptors and will secrete [[adrenocorticotropic hormone|adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)]] when stimulated.  This binding of [[Corticotropin-releasing hormone|corticotropin releasing-hormone (CRH)]] activates the [[Hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis|hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis]], one of the two parts of the fight-or-flight response to stress.<ref name="pmid3012395">{{cite journal | vauthors = Aguilera G, Wynn PC, Harwood JP, Hauger RL, Millan MA, Grewe C, Catt KJ | title = Receptor-mediated actions of corticotropin-releasing factor in pituitary gland and nervous system | journal = Neuroendocrinology | volume = 43 | issue = 1 | pages = 79–88 | year = 1986 | pmid = 3012395 | doi = 10.1159/000124513| issn = }}</ref> CRHRs are also present in other brain areas such as the [[amygdala]], [[locus coeruleus]] and [[hippocampus]].  Within the hippocampus, the CRHR1s are most abundant, residing mainly on the [[pyramidal cells]] of CA1 and CA3.  Chronic activation of CRHR1s by CRH induced by early life stress has been shown to underlie memory deficits and learning impairments and anxiety in adulthood.{{Citation needed|reason=Reliable source needed for last few sentences|date=February 2018}}


== References ==
== References ==

Latest revision as of 00:29, 11 March 2018

corticotropin releasing hormone receptor 1
Identifiers
SymbolCRHR1
Alt. symbolsCRHR
Entrez1394
HUGO2357
OMIM122561
RefSeqXM_001128344
UniProtP34998
Other data
LocusChr. 17 q12-q22
corticotropin releasing hormone receptor 2
Identifiers
SymbolCRHR2
Entrez1395
HUGO2358
OMIM602034
RefSeqNM_001883
UniProtQ13324
Other data
LocusChr. 7 p21-p15

Corticotropin-releasing hormone receptors (CRHRs), also known as corticotropin-releasing factor receptors (CRFRs) are a G protein-coupled receptor family that binds corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH).[1] There are two receptors in the family, designated as type 1 and 2, each encoded by a separate gene (CRHR1 and CRHR2 respectively).

Function

CRHRs are important mediators in the stress response.[2] Cells in the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland known as corticotropes express the receptors and will secrete adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) when stimulated. This binding of corticotropin releasing-hormone (CRH) activates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, one of the two parts of the fight-or-flight response to stress.[3] CRHRs are also present in other brain areas such as the amygdala, locus coeruleus and hippocampus. Within the hippocampus, the CRHR1s are most abundant, residing mainly on the pyramidal cells of CA1 and CA3. Chronic activation of CRHR1s by CRH induced by early life stress has been shown to underlie memory deficits and learning impairments and anxiety in adulthood.[citation needed]

References

  1. ↑ Hauger RL, Grigoriadis DE, Dallman MF, Plotsky PM, Vale WW, Dautzenberg FM (2003). "International Union of Pharmacology. XXXVI. Current status of the nomenclature for receptors for corticotropin-releasing factor and their ligands". Pharmacol. Rev. 55 (1): 21–6. doi:10.1124/pr.55.1.3. PMID 12615952.
  2. ↑ Grammatopoulos DK, Chrousos GP (2002). "Functional characteristics of CRH receptors and potential clinical applications of CRH-receptor antagonists". Trends Endocrinol. Metab. 13 (10): 436–44. doi:10.1016/S1043-2760(02)00670-7. PMID 12431840.
  3. ↑ Aguilera G, Wynn PC, Harwood JP, Hauger RL, Millan MA, Grewe C, Catt KJ (1986). "Receptor-mediated actions of corticotropin-releasing factor in pituitary gland and nervous system". Neuroendocrinology. 43 (1): 79–88. doi:10.1159/000124513. PMID 3012395.

External links


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