Vertigo causes

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Hilda Mahmoudi M.D., M.P.H.[2]; Vendhan Ramanujam M.B.B.S [3] Kiran Singh, M.D. [4]

Overview

Life threatening causes of vertigo include brainstem stroke, drug overdose, and malignant hypertension. Other common causes of vertigo include benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, Meniere's disease, and vestibular migraine.

Causes

Life Threatening Causes

Common Causes

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular Abdominal aortic aneurysm, coronary heart disease, hypertension, malignant hypertension, Sinus bradycardia ,superior vena cava syndrome, Takayasu arteritis, vasovagal syncope
Chemical / poisoning Amanita muscaria, arsine, bromide, chloralose, chlorinated naphthalene, chloromethane, Corn lily poisoning, cyanide, cycad nut poisoning, ethylbenzene, gasoline, ibotenic acid, multiple chemical sensitivity, nitrogen narcosis, pfiesteria poisoning, phosphine, snakebites, tobacco smoking, xylene
Dermatologic Glomus tumor, Lyme disease, neurofibromatosis
Drug Side Effect 3-Quinuclidinyl benzilate, 4-HO-MPT, ACE inhibitors, albendazole, ambenonium, amikacin, aminoglycosides, anti-obesity drug, antibiotics, anticonvulsants, antiretroviral drug, atenolol, aztreonam, biperiden, bromocriptine, buspirone, cabergoline, capreomycin sulfate, cidofovir, cortisone, clomifene, clozapine, dapsone, daptomycin, desmopressin, dexamethasone, diflunisal, disulfiram, dolutegravir, dolasetron mesylate, efavirenz, eflornithine, eslicarbazepine acetate, ethacrynic Acid, etravirine, ezogabine, febuxostat, flucytosine, fulvestrant, gamma-hydroxybutyric acid, galantamine hydrobromide, gentamicin, gabapentin Enacarbil, histamine agonist, hydroxychloroquine, hydrochlorothiazide, ibotenic acid, imipenem-cilastatin, indomethacin, isosorbide mononitrate, isoproterenol (aerosol), ivermectin, kanamycin, ketorolac, leflunomide, leuprolide, lincomycin hydrochloride, loop diuretic, loprazolam, lorazepam, lormetazepam, malaria prophylaxis, methimazole, methocarbamol, methylprednisolone, minocycline hydrochloride, moclobemide, modafinil, meprobamate, monomethylhydrazine, nabilone, nabumetone, netilmicin, nialamide, nitrazepam, oprelvekin, oxaprozin, oxazepam, papaverineparoxetine, pergolide, prednisone, primidone, pentamidine Isethionate, pergolide, perphenazine, pomalidomide, praziquantel, primidone, rifaximin, riluzole, rizatriptan, ropinirole, sedatives, Sertraline, SSRI discontinuation syndrome, streptomycin, sulindac, sultiame, Sumatriptan, tamsulosin, temazepam, trazodone, tuberculosis treatment, valaciclovir, venlafaxine, vigabatrin, viloxazine, vortioxetine, zimelidine, zonisamide, zolmitriptan
Ear Nose Throat Acoustic neuroma, balance disorder, benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, benign paroxysmal torticollis of infancy,catarrh, cholesteatoma, cogan syndrome, ear wax, endolymphatic sac tumor, ependymoma, facial nerve paralysis, glomus tumor, herpes zoster oticus, labyrinthitis, labyrinth infarction, labyrinthine concussion, mastoiditis, Meniere's disease, middle ear infection, nasal congestion, osteoma of the external ear canal, otitis externaotitis media, otosclerosis, ototoxicity, perforated tympanic membrane, perilymph fistula, recurrent vestibulopathy, Semicircular canal dehiscence syndrome, sensorineural hearing loss, superior canal dehiscence syndrome, superior vena cava syndrome, vestibulocochlear dysfunction progressive familial, vestibulocochlear nerve diseases, Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome
Endocrine No underlying causes
Environmental Microwave auditory effect, noise health effects, sound pressure
Gastroenterologic Visceroptosis
Genetic Episodic ataxia, Fabry's disease, neurofibromatosis, sensorineural hearing loss, vestibulocochlear dysfunction progressive familial
Hematologic Anemia, Osler-Vaquez disease, polycythemia rubra, superior vena cava syndrome
Iatrogenic SSRI discontinuation syndrome
Infectious Disease Bacterial infection, common cold, mastoiditis, herpes zoster oticus, influenza, intracranial infection, labyrinthitis, lyme disease, otitis externa, otitis media, syphillis, viral infection
Musculoskeletal / Ortho No underlying causes
Neurologic Acoustic neuroma, airsickness, arachnoid cyst, Arnold-Chiari malformation, astrocytoma, balance disorder, Barre-Lieou syndrome, basilar artery insufficiency syndrome, basilar artery migraine, brain ischemia, brain tumor, brain zaps, brainstem infarction, brainstem stroke, Bruns' syndrome, cerebellar hemorrhage, cerebellar hypoplasia, cerebellar infarction, cerebral aneurysm, cerebral shunt, cerebrovascular accident, chronic fatigue syndrome, colloid cyst, decompression sickness, deep water blackout, encephalitis, ependymoma, episodic ataxia, facial nerve paralysis, head injury, herpes zoster oticus, hydrocephalus, hypertensive encephalopathy, inferior cerebellar bleeding, intracranial infection, lateral medullary syndrome, medulloblastoma, meningioma, migraine, motion sickness, multiple sclerosis, neurofibromatosis, non-epileptic seizure, oculogyric crisis, opsoclonus myoclonus syndrome, peripheral neuritis, posterior fossa tumors, Ramsay-Hunt syndrome, sea-sickness, sensorineural hearing loss, seizures, skull fractures, spinal cord disorders, spinocerebellar ataxia, stroke, subclavian steal syndrome, Susac syndrome, syringobulbia, taravana, Tolosa-Hunt syndrome, transient ischemic attack, vasovagal syncope, vertebral artery dissection, vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia, vertebrobasilar insufficiency, vertebrobasilar transient ischemic attack, vertiginous epilepsy, vestibular migraine, vestibular neuronitis, Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome, Wallenberg's syndrome, Westphal-leyden ataxia
Nutritional / Metabolic Alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase deficiency, Fabry's disease, hypervitaminoses A and D
Obstetric/Gynecologic Hyperemesis gravidarum, morning sickness
Oncologic Acoustic neuroma, astrocytoma, brain tumor, ependymoma, glomus tumor, medulloblastoma, meningioma, neurofibromatosis, Osler-Vaquez disease, osteoma of the external ear canal, polycythemia rubra, posterior fossa tumors
Opthalmologic Cogan syndrome, oculogyric crisis
Overdose / Toxicity Alcohol overdose, cinchonism, darvocet overdose, drug overdose, hypervitaminoses A and D
Psychiatric Chronic fatigue syndrome, panic attack
Pulmonary Barotrauma, common cold
Renal / Electrolyte Chronic renal failure, hypomagnesemia primary, metabolic acidosis
Rheum / Immune / Allergy Chronic fatigue syndrome, food allergy, multiple sclerosis, Opsoclonus myoclonus syndrome, Susac syndrome, Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome
Sexual Syphillis
Trauma Head injury, labyrinthine concussion, skull fractures, whiplash injuries
Urologic No underlying causes
Dental No underlying causes
Miscellaneous Hellebore, peppermint oil, sassafras oil, systemic capillary leak syndrome, Tsetse fly

Causes in Alphabetical Order

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References

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