Anaplastic lymphoma kinase
| Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (Ki-1) | |||||||||||
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| Symbols | ALK ; CD246; TFG/ALK | ||||||||||
| External IDs | Template:OMIM5 Template:MGI HomoloGene: 68387 | ||||||||||
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| Species | Human | Mouse | |||||||||
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Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (Ki-1), also known as ALK, is a human gene.[1]
The 2;5 chromosomal translocation is frequently associated with anaplastic large cell lymphomas (ALCLs). The translocation creates a fusion gene consisting of the ALK (anaplastic lymphoma kinase) gene and the nucleophosmin (NPM) gene: the 3' half of ALK, derived from chromosome 2, is fused to the 5' portion of NPM from chromosome 5. A recent study shows that the product of the NPM-ALK fusion gene is oncogenic. The deduced amino acid sequences reveal that ALK is a novel receptor protein-tyrosine kinase having a putative transmembrane domain and an extracellular domain. These sequences are absent in the product of the transforming NPM-ALK gene. ALK shows the greatest sequence similarity to LTK (leukocyte tyrosine kinase). ALK plays an important role in the development of the brain and exerts its effects on specific neurons in the nervous system.[1]
See also
References
Further reading
- Benharroch D, Meguerian-Bedoyan Z, Lamant L; et al. (1998). "ALK-positive lymphoma: a single disease with a broad spectrum of morphology". Blood. 91 (6): 2076–84. PMID 9490693.
- Pulford K, Lamant L, Espinos E; et al. (2005). "The emerging normal and disease-related roles of anaplastic lymphoma kinase". Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 61 (23): 2939–53. doi:10.1007/s00018-004-4275-9. PMID 15583856.
- Morris SW, Kirstein MN, Valentine MB; et al. (1994). "Fusion of a kinase gene, ALK, to a nucleolar protein gene, NPM, in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma". Science. 263 (5151): 1281–4. PMID 8122112.
- Fujimoto J, Shiota M, Iwahara T; et al. (1996). "Characterization of the transforming activity of p80, a hyperphosphorylated protein in a Ki-1 lymphoma cell line with chromosomal translocation t(2;5)". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 93 (9): 4181–6. PMID 8633037.
- Iwahara T, Fujimoto J, Wen D; et al. (1997). "Molecular characterization of ALK, a receptor tyrosine kinase expressed specifically in the nervous system". Oncogene. 14 (4): 439–49. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1200849. PMID 9053841.
- Morris SW, Naeve C, Mathew P; et al. (1997). "ALK, the chromosome 2 gene locus altered by the t(2;5) in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, encodes a novel neural receptor tyrosine kinase that is highly related to leukocyte tyrosine kinase (LTK)". Oncogene. 14 (18): 2175–88. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1201062. PMID 9174053.
- Bai RY, Dieter P, Peschel C; et al. (1998). "Nucleophosmin-anaplastic lymphoma kinase of large-cell anaplastic lymphoma is a constitutively active tyrosine kinase that utilizes phospholipase C-gamma to mediate its mitogenicity". Mol. Cell. Biol. 18 (12): 6951–61. PMID 9819383.
- Hernández L, Pinyol M, Hernández S; et al. (1999). "TRK-fused gene (TFG) is a new partner of ALK in anaplastic large cell lymphoma producing two structurally different TFG-ALK translocations". Blood. 94 (9): 3265–8. PMID 10556217.
- Souttou B, Carvalho NB, Raulais D, Vigny M (2001). "Activation of anaplastic lymphoma kinase receptor tyrosine kinase induces neuronal differentiation through the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (12): 9526–31. doi:10.1074/jbc.M007333200. PMID 11121404.
- Stoica GE, Kuo A, Aigner A; et al. (2001). "Identification of anaplastic lymphoma kinase as a receptor for the growth factor pleiotrophin". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (20): 16772–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.M010660200. PMID 11278720.
- Simonitsch I, Polgar D, Hajek M; et al. (2001). "The cytoplasmic truncated receptor tyrosine kinase ALK homodimer immortalizes and cooperates with ras in cellular transformation". FASEB J. 15 (8): 1416–8. PMID 11387242.
- Powers C, Aigner A, Stoica GE; et al. (2002). "Pleiotrophin signaling through anaplastic lymphoma kinase is rate-limiting for glioblastoma growth". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (16): 14153–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.M112354200. PMID 11809760.
- Zamo A, Chiarle R, Piva R; et al. (2002). "Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) activates Stat3 and protects hematopoietic cells from cell death". Oncogene. 21 (7): 1038–47. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1205152. PMID 11850821.
- Passoni L, Scardino A, Bertazzoli C; et al. (2002). "ALK as a novel lymphoma-associated tumor antigen: identification of 2 HLA-A2.1-restricted CD8+ T-cell epitopes". Blood. 99 (6): 2100–6. PMID 11877285.
- Bonvini P, Gastaldi T, Falini B, Rosolen A (2002). "Nucleophosmin-anaplastic lymphoma kinase (NPM-ALK), a novel Hsp90-client tyrosine kinase: down-regulation of NPM-ALK expression and tyrosine phosphorylation in ALK(+) CD30(+) lymphoma cells by the Hsp90 antagonist 17-allylamino,17-demethoxygeldanamycin". Cancer Res. 62 (5): 1559–66. PMID 11888936.
- Hernández L, Beà S, Bellosillo B; et al. (2002). "Diversity of genomic breakpoints in TFG-ALK translocations in anaplastic large cell lymphomas: identification of a new TFG-ALK(XL) chimeric gene with transforming activity". Am. J. Pathol. 160 (4): 1487–94. PMID 11943732.
- ten Berge RL, Meijer CJ, Dukers DF; et al. (2002). "Expression levels of apoptosis-related proteins predict clinical outcome in anaplastic large cell lymphoma". Blood. 99 (12): 4540–6. PMID 12036886.
- Cools J, Wlodarska I, Somers R; et al. (2002). "Identification of novel fusion partners of ALK, the anaplastic lymphoma kinase, in anaplastic large-cell lymphoma and inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor". Genes Chromosomes Cancer. 34 (4): 354–62. doi:10.1002/gcc.10033. PMID 12112524.
- Dirks WG, Fähnrich S, Lis Y; et al. (2002). "Expression and functional analysis of the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene in tumor cell lines". Int. J. Cancer. 100 (1): 49–56. doi:10.1002/ijc.10435. PMID 12115586.
External links
- ALK+protein,+human at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
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