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'''Probable G-protein coupled receptor 158''' is a [[protein]] that in humans is encoded by the ''GPR158'' [[gene]].<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: GPR158 G protein-coupled receptor 158| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=57512| accessdate = }}</ref>
'''Probable G-protein coupled receptor 158''' is a [[protein]] that in humans is encoded by the ''GPR158'' [[gene]].<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: GPR158 G protein-coupled receptor 158| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=57512| accessdate = }}</ref>


GPR158 is an orphan [[class C GPCR]]. It is highly expressed in the brain where it binds to [[RGS7]], an inhibitor of G<sub>i/o</sub>-coupled [[GPCR]] signaling, localizing it to the plasma membrane.<ref name="pmid22689652">{{cite journal | vauthors = Orlandi C, Posokhova E, Masuho I, Ray TA, Hasan N, Gregg RG, Martemyanov KA | title = GPR158/179 regulate G protein signaling by controlling localization and activity of the RGS7 complexes | journal = J. Cell Biol. | volume = 197 | issue = 6 | pages = 711–9 | year = 2012 | pmid = 22689652 | pmc = 3373406 | doi = 10.1083/jcb.201202123 }}</ref>
==Function==


GPR158 is also expressed at lower levels in other organs. It shows an unusual subcellular localization pattern, being found at both the plasma membrane and in the nucleus.<ref name="pmid23451275">{{cite journal | vauthors = Patel N, Itakura T, Gonzalez JM, Schwartz SG, Fini ME | title = GPR158, an orphan member of G protein-coupled receptor Family C: glucocorticoid-stimulated expression and novel nuclear role | journal = PLoS ONE | volume = 8 | issue = 2 | pages = e57843 | year = 2013 | pmid = 23451275 | pmc = 3581496 | doi = 10.1371/journal.pone.0057843 | url = }} {{open access}}</ref>
This protein is an [[orphan receptor|orphan]] [[class C GPCR]]. It is highly expressed in the brain, where it binds to [[RGS7]], an inhibitor of [[Gi alpha subunit|G<sub>i/o</sub>-coupled]] [[G protein–coupled receptor|GPCR]] signaling, localizing it to the [[cell membrane|plasma membrane]].<ref name="pmid22689652">{{cite journal | vauthors = Orlandi C, Posokhova E, Masuho I, Ray TA, Hasan N, Gregg RG, Martemyanov KA | title = GPR158/179 regulate G protein signaling by controlling localization and activity of the RGS7 complexes | journal = J. Cell Biol. | volume = 197 | issue = 6 | pages = 711–9 | year = 2012 | pmid = 22689652 | pmc = 3373406 | doi = 10.1083/jcb.201202123 }}</ref>


GPR158 is an androgen-regulated gene that stimulates cell proliferation in prostate cancer cell lines. It is linked to neuroendocrine differentiation.<ref name="pmid25693195">{{cite journal | vauthors = Patel N, Itakura T, Jeong S, Liao CP, Roy-Burman P, Zandi E, Groshen S, Pinski J, Coetzee GA, Gross ME, Fini ME | title = Expression and functional role of orphan receptor GPR158 in prostate cancer growth and progression | journal = PLoS ONE | volume = 10 | issue = 2 | pages = e0117758 | year = 2015 | pmid = 25693195 | pmc = 4333349 | doi = 10.1371/journal.pone.0117758 }} {{open access}}</ref>
It is expressed at lower levels in other organs and shows an unusual subcellular localization pattern, being found at both the plasma membrane and in the [[cell nucleus|nucleus]].<ref name="pmid23451275">{{cite journal | vauthors = Patel N, Itakura T, Gonzalez JM, Schwartz SG, Fini ME | title = GPR158, an orphan member of G protein-coupled receptor Family C: glucocorticoid-stimulated expression and novel nuclear role | journal = PLoS ONE | volume = 8 | issue = 2 | pages = e57843 | year = 2013 | pmid = 23451275 | pmc = 3581496 | doi = 10.1371/journal.pone.0057843 | url = }} {{open access}}</ref>
 
==Clinical significance==
===Role in mood regulation===
 
GPR158 in the [[prefrontal cortex|medial prefrontal cortex]] (mPFC) has been shown to regulate stress-induced depression in a [[animal models of depression|mouse model of depression]] and has been found to be [[downregulation and upregulation|upregulated]] in [[autopsy|post-mortem]] tissue samples from humans with [[major depressive disorder]] (MDD).<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Sutton L, Orlandi C, Song C, Oh WC, Muntean BS, Xie K, Filippini A, Xie X, Satterfield R, Yaeger JD, Renner KJ, Young Jr SM, Xu B, Kwon H, Martemyanov KA | title=Orphan receptor GPR158 controls stress-induced depression |journal=eLife | year = 2018 | doi = 10.7554/eLife.33273.001 }}</ref>
 
===Role in prostate cancer===
The ''GPR158'' gene is an [[androgen receptor|androgen-regulated]] gene that stimulates cell proliferation in [[prostate cancer]] cell lines, and it is linked to [[neuroendocrine differentiation]].<ref name="pmid25693195">{{cite journal | vauthors = Patel N, Itakura T, Jeong S, Liao CP, Roy-Burman P, Zandi E, Groshen S, Pinski J, Coetzee GA, Gross ME, Fini ME | title = Expression and functional role of orphan receptor GPR158 in prostate cancer growth and progression | journal = PLoS ONE | volume = 10 | issue = 2 | pages = e0117758 | year = 2015 | pmid = 25693195 | pmc = 4333349 | doi = 10.1371/journal.pone.0117758 }} {{open access}}</ref>


== References ==
== References ==
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{{G protein-coupled receptors|g3}}
{{G protein-coupled receptors|g3}}


[[Category:G protein coupled receptors]]
[[Category:G protein-coupled receptors]]
 




{{transmembranereceptor-stub}}
{{transmembranereceptor-stub}}

Latest revision as of 16:20, 29 November 2018

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Identifiers
Aliases
External IDsGeneCards: [1]
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

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Ensembl

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UniProt

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RefSeq (mRNA)

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RefSeq (protein)

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Location (UCSC)n/an/a
PubMed searchn/an/a
Wikidata
View/Edit Human

Probable G-protein coupled receptor 158 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GPR158 gene.[1]

Function

This protein is an orphan class C GPCR. It is highly expressed in the brain, where it binds to RGS7, an inhibitor of Gi/o-coupled GPCR signaling, localizing it to the plasma membrane.[2]

It is expressed at lower levels in other organs and shows an unusual subcellular localization pattern, being found at both the plasma membrane and in the nucleus.[3]

Clinical significance

Role in mood regulation

GPR158 in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) has been shown to regulate stress-induced depression in a mouse model of depression and has been found to be upregulated in post-mortem tissue samples from humans with major depressive disorder (MDD).[4]

Role in prostate cancer

The GPR158 gene is an androgen-regulated gene that stimulates cell proliferation in prostate cancer cell lines, and it is linked to neuroendocrine differentiation.[5]

References

  1. ↑ "Entrez Gene: GPR158 G protein-coupled receptor 158".
  2. ↑ Orlandi C, Posokhova E, Masuho I, Ray TA, Hasan N, Gregg RG, Martemyanov KA (2012). "GPR158/179 regulate G protein signaling by controlling localization and activity of the RGS7 complexes". J. Cell Biol. 197 (6): 711–9. doi:10.1083/jcb.201202123. PMC 3373406. PMID 22689652.
  3. ↑ Patel N, Itakura T, Gonzalez JM, Schwartz SG, Fini ME (2013). "GPR158, an orphan member of G protein-coupled receptor Family C: glucocorticoid-stimulated expression and novel nuclear role". PLoS ONE. 8 (2): e57843. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0057843. PMC 3581496. PMID 23451275. open access publication – free to read
  4. ↑ Sutton L, Orlandi C, Song C, Oh WC, Muntean BS, Xie K, Filippini A, Xie X, Satterfield R, Yaeger JD, Renner KJ, Young Jr SM, Xu B, Kwon H, Martemyanov KA (2018). "Orphan receptor GPR158 controls stress-induced depression". eLife. doi:10.7554/eLife.33273.001.
  5. ↑ Patel N, Itakura T, Jeong S, Liao CP, Roy-Burman P, Zandi E, Groshen S, Pinski J, Coetzee GA, Gross ME, Fini ME (2015). "Expression and functional role of orphan receptor GPR158 in prostate cancer growth and progression". PLoS ONE. 10 (2): e0117758. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0117758. PMC 4333349. PMID 25693195. open access publication – free to read


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