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{{Infobox_gene}}
'''Frizzled-6''' is a [[protein]] that in humans is encoded by the ''FZD6'' [[gene]].<ref name="pmid9480858">{{cite journal | vauthors = Tokuhara M, Hirai M, Atomi Y, Terada M, Katoh M | title = Molecular cloning of human Frizzled-6 | journal = Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications | volume = 243 | issue = 2 | pages = 622–7 | date = Feb 1998 | pmid = 9480858 | pmc =  | doi = 10.1006/bbrc.1998.8143 }}</ref><ref name="pmid14747478">{{cite journal | vauthors = Golan T, Yaniv A, Bafico A, Liu G, Gazit A | title = The human Frizzled 6 (HFz6) acts as a negative regulator of the canonical Wnt. beta-catenin signaling cascade | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 279 | issue = 15 | pages = 14879–88 | date = Apr 2004 | pmid = 14747478 | pmc =  | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M306421200 }}</ref><ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: FZD6 frizzled homolog 6 (Drosophila)| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=8323| accessdate = }}</ref>


Members of the 'frizzled' gene family encode 7-transmembrane domain proteins that are receptors for WNT signaling proteins. The FZD6 protein contains a signal peptide, a cysteine-rich domain in the N-terminal extracellular region, and 7 transmembrane domains. However, unlike many other FZD family members, FDZ6 does not contain a C-terminal PDZ domain-binding motif.<ref name="entrez" /> The FZD6 protein is believed to be the receptor for the WNT4 ligand.<ref name="pmid15265686">{{cite journal | vauthors = Lyons JP, Mueller UW, Ji H, Everett C, Fang X, Hsieh JC, Barth AM, McCrea PD | title = Wnt-4 activates the canonical beta-catenin-mediated Wnt pathway and binds Frizzled-6 CRD: functional implications of Wnt/beta-catenin activity in kidney epithelial cells | journal = Experimental Cell Research | volume = 298 | issue = 2 | pages = 369–87 | date = Aug 2004 | pmid = 15265686 | pmc =  | doi = 10.1016/j.yexcr.2004.04.036 }}</ref>


<!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
== Interactions ==
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| update_protein_box = yes
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<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot.  See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
FZD6 has been shown to [[Protein-protein interaction|interact]] with [[Secreted frizzled-related protein 1]].<ref name=pmid10347172>{{cite journal | vauthors = Bafico A, Gazit A, Pramila T, Finch PW, Yaniv A, Aaronson SA | title = Interaction of frizzled related protein (FRP) with Wnt ligands and the frizzled receptor suggests alternative mechanisms for FRP inhibition of Wnt signaling | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 274 | issue = 23 | pages = 16180–7 | date = Jun 1999 | pmid = 10347172 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.274.23.16180 }}</ref>
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image = 
| image_source = 
| PDB =
| Name = Frizzled homolog 6 (Drosophila)
| HGNCid = 4044
| Symbol = FZD6
| AltSymbols =; Hfz6
| OMIM = 603409
| ECnumber = 
| Homologene = 2617
| MGIid = 108474
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_FZD6_203987_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0004872 |text = receptor activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0004926 |text = non-G-protein coupled 7TM receptor activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0004930 |text = G-protein coupled receptor activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0042813 |text = Wnt receptor activity}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005887 |text = integral to plasma membrane}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016020 |text = membrane}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0045177 |text = apical part of cell}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0001736 |text = establishment of planar polarity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0001843 |text = neural tube closure}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007186 |text = G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007222 |text = Wnt receptor signaling pathway}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007275 |text = multicellular organismal development}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0042472 |text = inner ear morphogenesis}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
    | Hs_EntrezGene = 8323
    | Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000164930
    | Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_003497
    | Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_003506
    | Hs_GenLoc_db = 
    | Hs_GenLoc_chr = 8
    | Hs_GenLoc_start = 104379843
    | Hs_GenLoc_end = 104414214
    | Hs_Uniprot = O60353
    | Mm_EntrezGene = 14368
    | Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000022297
    | Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_008056
    | Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_032082
    | Mm_GenLoc_db =
    | Mm_GenLoc_chr = 15
    | Mm_GenLoc_start = 38836426
    | Mm_GenLoc_end = 38868268
    | Mm_Uniprot = Q3UTZ0
  }}
}}
'''Frizzled homolog 6 (Drosophila)''', also known as '''FZD6''', is a human [[gene]].<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: FZD6 frizzled homolog 6 (Drosophila)| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=8323| accessdate = }}</ref>


<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
== See also ==
{{PBB_Summary
* [[Frizzled]]
| section_title =  
 
| summary_text = Members of the 'frizzled' gene family encode 7-transmembrane domain proteins that are receptors for Wnt signaling proteins. The FZD6 protein contains a signal peptide, a cysteine-rich domain in the N-terminal extracellular region, and 7 transmembrane domains. However, unlike many other Fz family members, FDZ6 does not contain a C-terminal PDZ domain-binding motif.<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: FZD6 frizzled homolog 6 (Drosophila)| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=8323| accessdate = }}</ref>
==Model organisms==
}}
[[Model organism]]s have been used in the study of FXYD3 function. In 2004, researchers at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute showed that FZD6 controls hair patterning in mice,<ref name="entrez2">{{cite web | title = Frizzled6 controls hair patterning in mice| url = http://www.pnas.org/content/101/25/9277}}</ref> and its human [[Homology (biology)|homologue]] is understood to play a part in the formation of [[hair whorl]]s and [[cowlick]]s. A conditional [[knockout mouse]] line called ''Fxyd3<sup>tm1a(KOMP)Wtsi</sup>'' was generated at the [[Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute]].<ref name="mgp_reference">{{cite journal |title=The Sanger Mouse Genetics Programme: high throughput characterisation of knockout mice |author=Gerdin AK |year=2010 |journal=Acta Ophthalmologica|volume=88 |pages=925–7|doi=10.1111/j.1755-3768.2010.4142.x }}</ref> Male and female animals underwent a standardized [[phenotypic screen]]<ref name="IMPCsearch_ref">{{cite web |url=http://www.mousephenotype.org/data/search?q=Fxyd3#fq=*:*&facet=gene |title=International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium}}</ref> to determine the effects of deletion.<ref name="pmid21677750">{{cite journal | vauthors = Skarnes WC, Rosen B, West AP, Koutsourakis M, Bushell W, Iyer V, Mujica AO, Thomas M, Harrow J, Cox T, Jackson D, Severin J, Biggs P, Fu J, Nefedov M, de Jong PJ, Stewart AF, Bradley A | title = A conditional knockout resource for the genome-wide study of mouse gene function | journal = Nature | volume = 474 | issue = 7351 | pages = 337–42 | date = Jun 2011 | pmid = 21677750 | pmc = 3572410 | doi = 10.1038/nature10163 }}</ref><ref name="mouse_library">{{cite journal | vauthors = Dolgin E | title = Mouse library set to be knockout | journal = Nature | volume = 474 | issue = 7351 | pages = 262–3 | date = Jun 2011 | pmid = 21677718 | doi = 10.1038/474262a }}</ref><ref name="mouse_for_all_reasons">{{cite journal | vauthors = Collins FS, Rossant J, Wurst W | title = A mouse for all reasons | journal = Cell | volume = 128 | issue = 1 | pages = 9–13 | date = Jan 2007 | pmid = 17218247 | doi = 10.1016/j.cell.2006.12.018 }}</ref><ref name="pmid23870131">{{cite journal | vauthors = White JK, Gerdin AK, Karp NA, Ryder E, Buljan M, Bussell JN, Salisbury J, Clare S, Ingham NJ, Podrini C, Houghton R, Estabel J, Bottomley JR, Melvin DG, Sunter D, Adams NC, Tannahill D, Logan DW, Macarthur DG, Flint J, Mahajan VB, Tsang SH, Smyth I, Watt FM, Skarnes WC, Dougan G, Adams DJ, Ramirez-Solis R, Bradley A, Steel KP | title = Genome-wide generation and systematic phenotyping of knockout mice reveals new roles for many genes | journal = Cell | volume = 154 | issue = 2 | pages = 452–64 | date = Jul 2013 | pmid = 23870131 | pmc = 3717207 | doi = 10.1016/j.cell.2013.06.022 }}</ref> Additional screens performed:  - In-depth immunological phenotyping<ref name="iii_ref">{{cite web |url= http://www.immunophenotyping.org/data/search?keys=Fxyd3&field_gene_construct_tid=All |title=Infection and Immunity Immunophenotyping (3i) Consortium}}</ref>  
{| class="wikitable sortable collapsible collapsed" border="1" cellpadding="2" style="float: left;" |
|+ ''Fxyd3'' knockout mouse phenotype
|-
! Characteristic!! Phenotype
|-
| colspan=2; style="text-align: center;" | All data available at.<ref name="IMPCsearch_ref"/><ref name="iii_ref" />
 
|-
| Peripheral blood leukocytes 6 Weeks || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
 
|-
| Insulin || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
 
|-
| ''[[Haematology]]'' 6 Weeks || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
 
|-
| Homozygous viability at P14 || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
 
|-
| Homozygous Fertility || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
 
|-
| Body weight || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
 
|-
| Neurological assessment || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
 
|-
| Grip strength || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
 
|-
| [[Dysmorphology]] || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
 
|-
| [[Indirect calorimetry]] || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
 
|-
| [[Glucose tolerance test]] || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
 
|-
| [[Auditory brainstem response]] || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
 
|-
| [[Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry|DEXA]] || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
 
|-
| [[Radiography]] || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
 
|-
| Eye morphology || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
 
|-
| [[Clinical chemistry]] || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
 
|-
| ''[[Haematology]]'' 16 Weeks || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
 
|-
| Peripheral blood leukocytes 16 Weeks || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
 
|-
| Heart weight || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
 
|-
| ''[[Salmonella]]'' infection || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal


==See also==
|-
* [[Frizzled]]
| Cytotoxic T Cell Function || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
 
|-
| Spleen Immunophenotyping || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
 
|-
| Mesenteric Lymph Node Immunophenotyping || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
 
|-
| Bone Marrow Immunophenotyping || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
 
|-
| Epidermal Immune Composition || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
 
|-
| Trichuris Challenge || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
 
|-
|}
{{clear|left}}


==References==
== References ==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist|33em}}


==Further reading==
== Further reading ==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{refbegin|33em}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Wang Y, Macke JP, Abella BS, Andreasson K, Worley P, Gilbert DJ, Copeland NG, Jenkins NA, Nathans J | title = A large family of putative transmembrane receptors homologous to the product of the Drosophila tissue polarity gene frizzled | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 271 | issue = 8 | pages = 4468–76 | date = Feb 1996 | pmid = 8626800 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.271.8.4468 }}
| citations =
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Finch PW, He X, Kelley MJ, Uren A, Schaudies RP, Popescu NC, Rudikoff S, Aaronson SA, Varmus HE, Rubin JS | title = Purification and molecular cloning of a secreted, Frizzled-related antagonist of Wnt action | journal = Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | volume = 94 | issue = 13 | pages = 6770–5 | date = Jun 1997 | pmid = 9192640 | pmc = 21233 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.94.13.6770 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Wang Y, Macke JP, Abella BS, ''et al.'' |title=A large family of putative transmembrane receptors homologous to the product of the Drosophila tissue polarity gene frizzled. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=271 |issue= 8 |pages= 4468-76 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8626800 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Bafico A, Gazit A, Pramila T, Finch PW, Yaniv A, Aaronson SA | title = Interaction of frizzled related protein (FRP) with Wnt ligands and the frizzled receptor suggests alternative mechanisms for FRP inhibition of Wnt signaling | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 274 | issue = 23 | pages = 16180–7 | date = Jun 1999 | pmid = 10347172 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.274.23.16180 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Finch PW, He X, Kelley MJ, ''et al.'' |title=Purification and molecular cloning of a secreted, Frizzled-related antagonist of Wnt action. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=94 |issue= 13 |pages= 6770-5 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9192640 |doi=  }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Omoto S, Hayashi T, Kitahara K, Takeuchi T, Ueoka Y | title = Autosomal dominant familial exudative vitreoretinopathy in two Japanese families with FZD4 mutations (H69Y and C181R) | journal = Ophthalmic Genetics | volume = 25 | issue = 2 | pages = 81–90 | date = Jun 2004 | pmid = 15370539 | doi = 10.1080/13816810490514270 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Tokuhara M, Hirai M, Atomi Y, ''et al.'' |title=Molecular cloning of human Frizzled-6. |journal=Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. |volume=243 |issue= 2 |pages= 622-7 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9480858 |doi= 10.1006/bbrc.1998.8143 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Kimura K, Wakamatsu A, Suzuki Y, Ota T, Nishikawa T, Yamashita R, Yamamoto J, Sekine M, Tsuritani K, Wakaguri H, Ishii S, Sugiyama T, Saito K, Isono Y, Irie R, Kushida N, Yoneyama T, Otsuka R, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Kondo H, Wagatsuma M, Murakawa K, Ishida S, Ishibashi T, Takahashi-Fujii A, Tanase T, Nagai K, Kikuchi H, Nakai K, Isogai T, Sugano S | title = Diversification of transcriptional modulation: large-scale identification and characterization of putative alternative promoters of human genes | journal = Genome Research | volume = 16 | issue = 1 | pages = 55–65 | date = Jan 2006 | pmid = 16344560 | pmc = 1356129 | doi = 10.1101/gr.4039406 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Bafico A, Gazit A, Pramila T, ''et al.'' |title=Interaction of frizzled related protein (FRP) with Wnt ligands and the frizzled receptor suggests alternative mechanisms for FRP inhibition of Wnt signaling. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=274 |issue= 23 |pages= 16180-7 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10347172 |doi=  }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Sirchia R, Luparello C | title = Mid-region parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) and gene expression of MDA-MB231 breast cancer cells | journal = Biological Chemistry | volume = 388 | issue = 5 | pages = 457–65 | date = May 2007 | pmid = 17516841 | doi = 10.1515/BC.2007.059 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, ''et al.'' |title=Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 26 |pages= 16899-903 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12477932 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.242603899 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Golan T, Yaniv A, Bafico A, ''et al.'' |title=The human Frizzled 6 (HFz6) acts as a negative regulator of the canonical Wnt. beta-catenin signaling cascade. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=279 |issue= 15 |pages= 14879-88 |year= 2004 |pmid= 14747478 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M306421200 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Omoto S, Hayashi T, Kitahara K, ''et al.'' |title=Autosomal dominant familial exudative vitreoretinopathy in two Japanese families with FZD4 mutations (H69Y and C181R). |journal=Ophthalmic Genet. |volume=25 |issue= 2 |pages= 81-90 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15370539 |doi= 10.1080/13816810490514270 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, ''et al.'' |title=The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). |journal=Genome Res. |volume=14 |issue= 10B |pages= 2121-7 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15489334 |doi= 10.1101/gr.2596504 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Kimura K, Wakamatsu A, Suzuki Y, ''et al.'' |title=Diversification of transcriptional modulation: large-scale identification and characterization of putative alternative promoters of human genes. |journal=Genome Res. |volume=16 |issue= 1 |pages= 55-65 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16344560 |doi= 10.1101/gr.4039406 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Sirchia R, Luparello C |title=Mid-region parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) and gene expression of MDA-MB231 breast cancer cells. |journal=Biol. Chem. |volume=388 |issue= 5 |pages= 457-65 |year= 2007 |pmid= 17516841 |doi= 10.1515/BC.2007.059 }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{refend}}
== External links ==
* {{cite web | url = http://www.iuphar-db.org/GPCR/ReceptorDisplayForward?receptorID=3064 | title = Frizzled Receptors: FZD<sub>6</sub> | accessdate =  | authorlink = | format = | work = IUPHAR Database of Receptors and Ion Channels | publisher = International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology | pages = | archiveurl = | archivedate = | quote = }}


{{NLM content}}
{{NLM content}}
{{G protein-coupled receptors}}
{{G protein-coupled receptors|g4}}
[[Category:G protein coupled receptors]]


{{WH}}
[[Category:G protein-coupled receptors]]
{{WS}}

Latest revision as of 08:41, 10 January 2019

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Identifiers
Aliases
External IDsGeneCards: [1]
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

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Ensembl

n/a

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UniProt

n/a

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RefSeq (mRNA)

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RefSeq (protein)

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Location (UCSC)n/an/a
PubMed searchn/an/a
Wikidata
View/Edit Human

Frizzled-6 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FZD6 gene.[1][2][3]

Members of the 'frizzled' gene family encode 7-transmembrane domain proteins that are receptors for WNT signaling proteins. The FZD6 protein contains a signal peptide, a cysteine-rich domain in the N-terminal extracellular region, and 7 transmembrane domains. However, unlike many other FZD family members, FDZ6 does not contain a C-terminal PDZ domain-binding motif.[3] The FZD6 protein is believed to be the receptor for the WNT4 ligand.[4]

Interactions

FZD6 has been shown to interact with Secreted frizzled-related protein 1.[5]

See also

Model organisms

Model organisms have been used in the study of FXYD3 function. In 2004, researchers at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute showed that FZD6 controls hair patterning in mice,[6] and its human homologue is understood to play a part in the formation of hair whorls and cowlicks. A conditional knockout mouse line called Fxyd3tm1a(KOMP)Wtsi was generated at the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute.[7] Male and female animals underwent a standardized phenotypic screen[8] to determine the effects of deletion.[9][10][11][12] Additional screens performed: - In-depth immunological phenotyping[13]

References

  1. ↑ Tokuhara M, Hirai M, Atomi Y, Terada M, Katoh M (Feb 1998). "Molecular cloning of human Frizzled-6". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 243 (2): 622–7. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1998.8143. PMID 9480858.
  2. ↑ Golan T, Yaniv A, Bafico A, Liu G, Gazit A (Apr 2004). "The human Frizzled 6 (HFz6) acts as a negative regulator of the canonical Wnt. beta-catenin signaling cascade". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 279 (15): 14879–88. doi:10.1074/jbc.M306421200. PMID 14747478.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Entrez Gene: FZD6 frizzled homolog 6 (Drosophila)".
  4. ↑ Lyons JP, Mueller UW, Ji H, Everett C, Fang X, Hsieh JC, Barth AM, McCrea PD (Aug 2004). "Wnt-4 activates the canonical beta-catenin-mediated Wnt pathway and binds Frizzled-6 CRD: functional implications of Wnt/beta-catenin activity in kidney epithelial cells". Experimental Cell Research. 298 (2): 369–87. doi:10.1016/j.yexcr.2004.04.036. PMID 15265686.
  5. ↑ Bafico A, Gazit A, Pramila T, Finch PW, Yaniv A, Aaronson SA (Jun 1999). "Interaction of frizzled related protein (FRP) with Wnt ligands and the frizzled receptor suggests alternative mechanisms for FRP inhibition of Wnt signaling". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 274 (23): 16180–7. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.23.16180. PMID 10347172.
  6. ↑ "Frizzled6 controls hair patterning in mice".
  7. ↑ Gerdin AK (2010). "The Sanger Mouse Genetics Programme: high throughput characterisation of knockout mice". Acta Ophthalmologica. 88: 925–7. doi:10.1111/j.1755-3768.2010.4142.x.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 "International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium".
  9. ↑ Skarnes WC, Rosen B, West AP, Koutsourakis M, Bushell W, Iyer V, Mujica AO, Thomas M, Harrow J, Cox T, Jackson D, Severin J, Biggs P, Fu J, Nefedov M, de Jong PJ, Stewart AF, Bradley A (Jun 2011). "A conditional knockout resource for the genome-wide study of mouse gene function". Nature. 474 (7351): 337–42. doi:10.1038/nature10163. PMC 3572410. PMID 21677750.
  10. ↑ Dolgin E (Jun 2011). "Mouse library set to be knockout". Nature. 474 (7351): 262–3. doi:10.1038/474262a. PMID 21677718.
  11. ↑ Collins FS, Rossant J, Wurst W (Jan 2007). "A mouse for all reasons". Cell. 128 (1): 9–13. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2006.12.018. PMID 17218247.
  12. ↑ White JK, Gerdin AK, Karp NA, Ryder E, Buljan M, Bussell JN, Salisbury J, Clare S, Ingham NJ, Podrini C, Houghton R, Estabel J, Bottomley JR, Melvin DG, Sunter D, Adams NC, Tannahill D, Logan DW, Macarthur DG, Flint J, Mahajan VB, Tsang SH, Smyth I, Watt FM, Skarnes WC, Dougan G, Adams DJ, Ramirez-Solis R, Bradley A, Steel KP (Jul 2013). "Genome-wide generation and systematic phenotyping of knockout mice reveals new roles for many genes". Cell. 154 (2): 452–64. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2013.06.022. PMC 3717207. PMID 23870131.
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 "Infection and Immunity Immunophenotyping (3i) Consortium".

Further reading

External links

  • "Frizzled Receptors: FZD6". IUPHAR Database of Receptors and Ion Channels. International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology.

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.

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