Photophobia: Difference between revisions
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{{SI}} | {{SI}} | ||
'''For patient information, click [[Photophobia (patient information)|here]]''' | '''For patient information, click [[Photophobia (patient information)|here]]''' | ||
{{CMG}} | {{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{Ochuko}} | ||
{{SK}} Light sensitivity; Vision-light sensitive; Eyes-sensitivity to light | |||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
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==Causes== | ==Causes== | ||
Patients may develop photophobia as a result of several different medical conditions | Patients may develop photophobia as a result of several different medical conditions related to the [[eye]] or the [[nervous system]]. | ||
*[[Albinism]] | *[[Albinism]] | ||
*[[Anticholinergic]] drugs may cause photophobia by paralyzing the [[iris sphincter muscle]]. | |||
*[[Aphakia]] | |||
*Burns to the [[eye]] | *Burns to the [[eye]] | ||
*[[ | *[[Cataracts]] | ||
*[[ | *[[Chiari malformation]] | ||
*[[Chikungunya]] | |||
*[[Conjunctivitis]] | |||
*[[Conjunctivitis]] | *[[Conjunctivitis]] | ||
*[[Corneal abrasion]] | *[[Corneal abrasion]] | ||
*[[Corneal ulcer]] | *[[Corneal ulcer]] | ||
*[[Cystinosis]] | *[[Cystinosis]] | ||
*[[ | *Drugs such as [[Atropine]], [[Cyclopentolate]], [[Hydroxypropyl cellulose]], [[Doxercalciferol]], [[Metipranolol]], [[Nabilone]], [[Nilutamide]], [[Nitisinone]], [[Pramipexole]], [[Travoprost]], [[Trimethadione]] | ||
*[[Encephalitis]] | |||
*[[Encephalitis]] | |||
*[[Eye]] disease, injury, or infection such as [[chalazion]], [[episcleritis]], [[glaucoma]], [[keratoconus]] | |||
*[[Hangover]] | *[[Hangover]] | ||
*Idiopathic anterior uveitis/iritis | *Idiopathic anterior uveitis/iritis | ||
*[[Influenza]] | *[[Influenza]] | ||
*[[Iritis]] | |||
*Keraconjunctivitis sicca (dry eye) | *Keraconjunctivitis sicca (dry eye) | ||
*Lightly pigmented eye | *Lightly pigmented eye | ||
*[[Meningitis]] | |||
*[[Migraine]]s | |||
*[[Mydriatic]] use | *[[Mydriatic]] use | ||
*[[Retinal detachment]] | |||
*[[Subarachnoid haemorrhage]] | |||
==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
===Symptoms=== | |||
=== | Patients with photophobia will avert their eyes from direct light (sunlight and room lights), or may seek the shelter of a dark room or wear sunglasses. | ||
Patients with photophobia will avert their eyes from direct light (sunlight and room lights), or may seek the shelter of a dark room or wear sunglasses. | |||
*[[Pain]] in the eye | *[[Pain]] in the eye | ||
*[[Headache]] | *[[Headache]] | ||
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Photophobia is also a behavior demonstrated by insects or other animals which seek to stay out of the light. | Photophobia is also a behavior demonstrated by insects or other animals which seek to stay out of the light. | ||
===Physical Examination=== | |||
====Eye==== | |||
*[[Swelling]] | |||
==References== | |||
{{reflist|2}} | |||
==Related Chapters== | ==Related Chapters== | ||
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*[[Erythropoietic protoporphyria]], a disease manifesting itself with painful photosensitivity | *[[Erythropoietic protoporphyria]], a disease manifesting itself with painful photosensitivity | ||
*[[Photic sneeze reflex]], a medical condition by which people exposed to bright light sneeze | *[[Photic sneeze reflex]], a medical condition by which people exposed to bright light sneeze | ||
{{Eye pathology}} | {{Eye pathology}} | ||
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[[Category:Neurology]] | [[Category:Neurology]] | ||
[[Category:Ophthalmology]] | [[Category:Ophthalmology]] | ||
[[Category:Symptoms]] | |||
[[Category:Signs and symptoms]] | [[Category:Signs and symptoms]] | ||
[[Category:Emergency medicine]] | [[Category:Emergency medicine]] | ||
[[es:Fotofobia]] | [[es:Fotofobia]] | ||
[[fr:Photophobie]] | [[fr:Photophobie]] | ||
[[pl:Światłowstręt]] | [[pl:Światłowstręt]] | ||
[[pt:Fotofobia]] | [[pt:Fotofobia]] | ||
[[ru:Светобоязнь]] | [[ru:Светобоязнь]] | ||
{{WH}} | {{WH}} | ||
{{WS}} | {{WS}} | ||
Latest revision as of 14:03, 12 June 2015
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WikiDoc Resources for Photophobia |
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Articles |
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Most recent articles on Photophobia Most cited articles on Photophobia |
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Media |
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Powerpoint slides on Photophobia |
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Evidence Based Medicine |
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Clinical Trials |
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Ongoing Trials on Photophobia at Clinical Trials.gov Clinical Trials on Photophobia at Google
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Guidelines / Policies / Govt |
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US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Photophobia
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Books |
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News |
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Commentary |
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Definitions |
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Patient Resources / Community |
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Patient resources on Photophobia Discussion groups on Photophobia Patient Handouts on Photophobia Directions to Hospitals Treating Photophobia Risk calculators and risk factors for Photophobia
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Healthcare Provider Resources |
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Causes & Risk Factors for Photophobia |
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Continuing Medical Education (CME) |
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International |
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Business |
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Experimental / Informatics |
For patient information, click here
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ogheneochuko Ajari, MB.BS, MS [2]
Synonyms and keywords: Light sensitivity; Vision-light sensitive; Eyes-sensitivity to light
Overview
Photophobia (also light sensitivity) or fear of light, is a symptom of excessive sensitivity to light and the aversion to sunlight or well-lit places. In medical terms, it is not fear, but an experience of discomfort or pain to the eyes due to light exposure.
Pathophysiology
Light sensitivity is usually due to too much light entering the eye, which causes over stimulation of the photoreceptors in the retina and subsequent excessive electric impulses to the optic nerve. This leads to a reflex aversion to light, and discomfort or pain. Too much light can enter the eye if it is damaged, such as with corneal abrasion and retinal damage, or if a pupil(s) is unable to normally constrict (seen with damage to the oculomotor nerve).
Causes
Patients may develop photophobia as a result of several different medical conditions related to the eye or the nervous system.
- Albinism
- Anticholinergic drugs may cause photophobia by paralyzing the iris sphincter muscle.
- Aphakia
- Burns to the eye
- Cataracts
- Chiari malformation
- Chikungunya
- Conjunctivitis
- Conjunctivitis
- Corneal abrasion
- Corneal ulcer
- Cystinosis
- Drugs such as Atropine, Cyclopentolate, Hydroxypropyl cellulose, Doxercalciferol, Metipranolol, Nabilone, Nilutamide, Nitisinone, Pramipexole, Travoprost, Trimethadione
- Encephalitis
- Encephalitis
- Eye disease, injury, or infection such as chalazion, episcleritis, glaucoma, keratoconus
- Hangover
- Idiopathic anterior uveitis/iritis
- Influenza
- Iritis
- Keraconjunctivitis sicca (dry eye)
- Lightly pigmented eye
- Meningitis
- Migraines
- Mydriatic use
- Retinal detachment
- Subarachnoid haemorrhage
Diagnosis
Symptoms
Patients with photophobia will avert their eyes from direct light (sunlight and room lights), or may seek the shelter of a dark room or wear sunglasses.
- Pain in the eye
- Headache
- Nausea
- Neck stiffness
- Blurred vision
- Sore or wound in eye
- Redness
- Itching
- Swelling
- Dizziness
- Numbness or tingling elsewhere in the body
- Changes in hearing
Photophobia is also a behavior demonstrated by insects or other animals which seek to stay out of the light.
Physical Examination
Eye
References
Related Chapters
- Heliophobia, fear of sunlight
- Photosensitivity, the amount to which an object reacts upon receiving photons of light
- Erythropoietic protoporphyria, a disease manifesting itself with painful photosensitivity
- Photic sneeze reflex, a medical condition by which people exposed to bright light sneeze