Subconjunctival hemorrhage
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| Subconjunctival hemorrhage Classification and external resources | |
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| A subconjunctival hemorrhage is a common and relatively minor post-LASIK complication. | |
| ICD-10 | H11.3 |
| ICD-9 | 372.72 |
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A subconjunctival hemorrhage (or subconjunctival haemorrhage) is bleeding underneath the conjunctiva. The conjunctiva contains many small, fragile blood vessels that are easily ruptured or broken. When this happens, blood leaks into the space between the conjunctiva and sclera.
Whereas a bruise typically appears black or blue underneath the skin, a subconjunctival hemorrhage initially appears bright red underneath the transparent conjunctiva. Later the hemorrhage may spread and become green or yellow, like a bruise. Usually this disappears within 2 weeks. [3]
Although its appearance may be alarming, a subconjunctival hemorrhage is generally a painless and harmless condition; however, it may be associated with high blood pressure, or trauma to the eye.
Causes
- Minor eye trauma
- Spontaneously with increased venous pressure
- Strenuous Exercising
- Coughing
- Touching/widening eyes
- Sneezing
- Pulling extreme g-forces
- Vomiting, particularly forced vomiting as seen in bulimia nervosa
- Straining
- Severe alcohol intoxication, leading to raised blood pressure
- Blood dyscrasia (rare)
- Severe hypertension
- LASIK
- Blood thinners, such as ginger, capsaicin, ginseng, garlic, aspirin, or Herba if taken in high doses or combined. These can also make the vessels in the eye more susceptible to the pressure causes listed above.
Subconjunctival hemorrhages in infants may be associated with scurvy (a vitamin C deficiency)[4],[5], abuse or traumatic asphyxia syndrome [6].
Treatment and management
A subconjunctival hemorrhage is typically a self-limiting condition that requires no treatment in the absence of infection or significant trauma. The elective use of aspirin and NSAIDs is typically discouraged.
A common symptom of a subconjunctival hemorrhage, itchy eyes, is often treated by applying eye drops or artificial tears to the affected eye(s), however, this is discouraged, as it may slow down the healing time.
External links
WikiDoc Research Resources for Subconjunctival hemorrhage | |
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| Articles on Subconjunctival hemorrhage | Most recent articles on Subconjunctival hemorrhage • Most cited articles on Subconjunctival hemorrhage • Review articles on Subconjunctival hemorrhage • Articles on Subconjunctival hemorrhage in N Eng J Med, Lancet, BMJ |
| Media (Slides, Video, Images, MP3) on Subconjunctival hemorrhage | Powerpoint slides on Subconjunctival hemorrhage • Images of Subconjunctival hemorrhage • Photos of Subconjunctival hemorrhage • Podcasts & MP3s on Subconjunctival hemorrhage • Videos on Subconjunctival hemorrhage |
| Evidence Based Medicine Regarding Subconjunctival hemorrhage | Cochrane Collaboration on Subconjunctival hemorrhage • Bandolier on Subconjunctival hemorrhage • TRIP on Subconjunctival hemorrhage |
| Cost Effectiveness of Subconjunctival hemorrhage | Cost Effectiveness of Subconjunctival hemorrhage |
| Clinical Trials Involving Subconjunctival hemorrhage | Ongoing Trials on Subconjunctival hemorrhage at Clinical Trials.gov • Trial results on Subconjunctival hemorrhage • Clinical Trials on Subconjunctival hemorrhage at Google |
| Guidelines / Policies / Government Resources (FDA/CDC) Regarding Subconjunctival hemorrhage | US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Subconjunctival hemorrhage • NICE Guidance on Subconjunctival hemorrhage • NHS PRODIGY Guidance • FDA on Subconjunctival hemorrhage • CDC on Subconjunctival hemorrhage |
| Textbook Information on Subconjunctival hemorrhage | Books and Textbook Information on Subconjunctival hemorrhage |
| Pharmacology Resources on Subconjunctival hemorrhage | Dosing of Subconjunctival hemorrhage • Drug interactions with Subconjunctival hemorrhage • Side effects of Subconjunctival hemorrhage • Allergic reactions to Subconjunctival hemorrhage • Overdose information on Subconjunctival hemorrhage • Carcinogenicity information on Subconjunctival hemorrhage • Subconjunctival hemorrhage in pregnancy • Pharmacokinetics of Subconjunctival hemorrhage • |
| Genetics, Pharmacogenomics, and Proteinomics of Subconjunctival hemorrhage | Genetics of Subconjunctival hemorrhage • Pharmacogenomics of Subconjunctival hemorrhage • Proteomics of Subconjunctival hemorrhage |
| Newstories on Subconjunctival hemorrhage | Subconjunctival hemorrhage in the news • Be alerted to news on Subconjunctival hemorrhage • News trends on Subconjunctival hemorrhage |
| Commentary on Subconjunctival hemorrhage | Blogs on Subconjunctival hemorrhage |
| Patient Resources on Subconjunctival hemorrhage | Patient resources on Subconjunctival hemorrhage • Discussion groups on Subconjunctival hemorrhage • Patient Handouts on Subconjunctival hemorrhage • Directions to Hospitals Treating Subconjunctival hemorrhage • Risk calculators and risk factors for Subconjunctival hemorrhage |
| Healthcare Provider Resources on Subconjunctival hemorrhage | Symptoms of Subconjunctival hemorrhage • Causes & Risk Factors for Subconjunctival hemorrhage • Diagnostic studies for Subconjunctival hemorrhage • Treatment of Subconjunctival hemorrhage |
| Continuing Medical Education (CME) Programs on Subconjunctival hemorrhage | CME Programs on Subconjunctival hemorrhage |
| International Resources on Subconjunctival hemorrhage | Subconjunctival hemorrhage en Espanol • Subconjunctival hemorrhage en Francais |
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| Informatics Resources on Subconjunctival hemorrhage | List of terms related to Subconjunctival hemorrhage |
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Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content
Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
