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Click Here For A Complete Listing Of All Chapters In The Living Textbook Of Hematology In Alphabetical Order

Anatomy and Physiology

v • d • e Blood
General	Plasma – Hematopoietic stem cells
Lymphoid – WBC	T cells: Cytotoxic CD8⁺, Helper CD4⁺/Regulatory, γδ, Natural Killer T cell B cells: Plasma, Memory Natural killer cells (Lymphokine-activated killer cell) Null cell
Myeloid – WBC	Monocytes/Macrophages (Histiocytes, Kupffer cells, Dust cell, Microglia, Osteoclasts, Epithelioid cells, Langhans giant cells, Foreign-body giant cell) Granulocytes (Neutrophil, Eosinophil, Basophil) – Mast cell precursors Dendritic cells (Langerhans cells, Follicular dendritic cells) Megakaryoblast – Megakaryocyte – Platelets
Myeloid – RBC	Reticulocyte – Normoblast

v • d • e HLA-A serotypes
HLA-A · A1 · A2 · A3 · A9 (A23 · A24) · A10 (A25 · A26 · A34 · A43 · A66) · A11 · A19 (A29 · A30 · A31 · A32 · A33 · A74) · A28 (A68 · A69) · A36 · A80

v • d • e HLA-B Serotypes and allele groups
HLA-B - B5 (B51 - B52) - B7 - B8 - B12 (B44 - B45) - B13 - B14]] (B64 - B65) - B15 (B62 - B63 - B70 - B71- B75 - B76 - B77) - B16 (B38 - B39) - B17 (B57 - B58) - B18 - B21 (B49 - B50) - B22 (B54 - B55 - B56) - B27 - B35 - B37 - B40 (B60 - B61) - B41 - B42 - B46 - B47 - B48 - B53 - B59 - B67 - B73 - B78 - B81 - B82 - B83

v • d • e HLA-Cw Serotypes and Allelegroups
HLA-C - Cw1 (Cw11) - Cw2 - Cw3 (Cw9 - Cw10) - Cw4 - Cw5 - Cw6 - Cw7 - Cw8 - Cw12 - Cw13 - Cw14 - Cw15 - Cw16 - Cw17 - Cw*18

v • d • e Proteins: coagulation
Coagulation factors	intrinsic pathway (FXII, FXI, FIX, FVIII) - extrinsic pathway (Tissue factor, FVII) - common pathway (FX, FV, (Pro)thrombin / FII, Fibrin / FI, FXIII) - HMWK - vWF - Kallikrein
Inhibitors	Antithrombin - Protein C - Protein S - Protein Z - ZPI - TFPI
Fibrinolysis	Plasmin - tPA/urokinase - PAI-1/2 - α2-AP - α2-macroglobulin - TAFI

v • d • e Serpins
inhibitory	Alpha 1-antichymotrypsin - Alpha 1-antitrypsin - Alpha 2-antiplasmin - Antithrombin - C1-inhibitor - Heparin cofactor II - Protein C inhibitor - Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 - Plasminogen activator inhibitor-2 - Protein Z-related protease inhibitor
noninhibitory	Maspin - Ovalbumin - Heat shock protein 47 - Thyroxine-binding globulin - Transcortin

Disease States

v • d • e

Pathology: hematology, myeloid hematologic disease (primarily D50-D77, 280-289)

RBCs/
hemoglobinopathy

Polycythemia - Macrocytosis

Anemia

Nutritional

Iron deficiency anemia (Plummer-Vinson syndrome), Megaloblastic anemia (Pernicious anemia)

Hemolytic

Hereditary	enzyme: G6PD Deficiency - Pyruvate kinase deficiency - Triosephosphate isomerase deficiency hemoglobin: Thalassemia - Sickle-cell disease/trait membrane: Hereditary spherocytosis - Hereditary elliptocytosis - Hereditary stomatocytosis
Acquired	Autoimmune (Warm, Cold), HUS, MAHA, PNH, PCH, Myelophthisic

Aplastic

Acquired PRCA, Diamond-Blackfan anemia, Fanconi anemia, Sideroblastic anemia

Blood tests

Normocytic - Microcytic - Macrocytic - Normochromic - Hypochromic

Other

Methemoglobinemia

Coagulation/platelets/
coagulopathy/
bleeding diathesis

Hypercoagulability	primary: Antithrombin III deficiency - Protein C deficiency/Activated protein C resistance/Protein S deficiency/Factor V Leiden - Hyperprothrombinemia acquired: DIC (Congenital afibrinogenemia, Purpura fulminans) - autoimmune (Antiphospholipid)
Other	Essential thrombocytosis

clotting factor: Hemophilia (A/VIII, B/IX, C/XI) • Von Willebrand disease • Hypoprothrombinemia/II - XIII

platelet function: Bernard-Soulier syndrome - Glanzmann's thrombasthenia - Gray platelet syndrome - May Hegglin anomaly - Pelger-Huet anomaly

Purpura: Henoch-Schönlein, ITP (Evans syndrome), TTP

Thrombocytopenia (Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia)

Monocytes/
macrophages

Histiocytosis	WHO-I (Langerhans cell histiocytosis) WHO-II/non-Langerhans-cell (Juvenile xanthogranuloma, Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis) WHO-III/malignant (Acute monocytic leukemia, Malignant histiocytosis, Erdheim-Chester disease)
Other	Chronic granulomatous disease -cytosis: Monocytosis

-penia: Monocytopenia

Granulocytes

+	-cytosis: granulocytosis (Neutrophilia, Eosinophilia, Basophilia)
-	-penia: Granulocytopenia/agranulocytosis (Neutropenia/Kostmann syndrome, Eosinopenia, Basopenia)

See also hematological malignancy and immune disorders

v • d • e Proteins: coagulation
Coagulation factors	intrinsic pathway (FXII, FXI, FIX, FVIII) - extrinsic pathway (Tissue factor, FVII) - common pathway (FX, FV, (Pro)thrombin / FII, Fibrin / FI, FXIII) - HMWK - vWF - Kallikrein
Inhibitors	Antithrombin - Protein C - Protein S - Protein Z - ZPI - TFPI
Fibrinolysis	Plasmin - tPA/urokinase - PAI-1/2 - α2-AP - α2-macroglobulin - TAFI

v • d • e

Myeloid Hematological malignancy/leukemia histology (ICD-O 9590-9989, C81-C96, 200-208)

CFU-GM/
and other granulocytes

CFU-GM

Myelocyte	AML: Acute myeloblastic leukemia (M0, M1, M2), APL/M3 MP (Chronic neutrophilic leukemia)
Monocyte	AML (AMoL/M5, Myeloid dendritic cell leukemia) CML (Philadelphia chromosome, Accelerated phase chronic myelogenous leukemia)
Myelomonocyte	AML (M4) MD-MP (Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia, Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia)
Other	Histiocytosis

CFU-Baso

AML (Acute basophilic)

CFU-Eos

AML (Acute eosinophilic)
MP (Chronic eosinophilic leukemia/Hypereosinophilic syndrome)

MEP

CFU-Meg	AML (AMKL/M7) MP (Essential thrombocytosis)
CFU-E	AML (Erythroleukemia/M6) MP (Polycythemia vera) MD (Refractory anemia, Refractory anemia with excess of blasts, Chromosome 5q deletion syndrome, Sideroblastic anemia, Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, Refractory cytopenia with multilineage dysplasia)

CFU-Mast

Mastocytoma (Mast cell leukemia, Mast cell sarcoma, Systemic mastocytosis)

Multiple/unknown

AML (Acute panmyelosis with myelofibrosis, Myeloid sarcoma) · MP (Myelofibrosis) · Acute biphenotypic leukaemia

See also hematology, lymphoid malignancy

v • d • e Transfusion medicine
General concepts	Apheresis (Plasmapheresis, Plateletpheresis, Leukapheresis) - Blood transfusion - Coombs test - Cross-matching - Exchange transfusion - International Society of Blood Transfusion - Intraoperative blood salvage - ISBT 128 - Transfusion reactions
Human blood group systems - Blood type	ABO - Chido-Rodgers - Colton - Cromer - Diego - Dombrock - Duffy - Gerbich - GIL - Hh - Ii - Indian - JMH - Kell (Xk) - Kidd - Knops - LW - Lewis - Lutheran - MNS - OK - P - Raph - Rh - Scianna - T-Tn - Xg - Yt - Other
Blood products	Blood donation - Blood substitutes - Cryoprecipitate - Platelets - Plasma - Red blood cells - Whole blood

v • d • e Hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN)
ABO HDN • Anti-Kell HDN • Rhesus c HDN • Rhesus D HDN • Rhesus E HDN

Pharmacotherapy

v • d • e Antihemorrhagics (B02)
Antifibrinolytics	amino acids (Aminocaproic acid, Tranexamic acid, Aminomethylbenzoic acid) - serpins (Aprotinin, Alfa1 antitrypsin, C1-inhibitor, Camostat)
Vitamin K	Phytomenadione - Menadione
Fibrinogen	Fibrinogen
Local hemostatics	Absorbable gelatin sponge - Oxidized cellulose - Tetragalacturonic acid hydroxymethylester - Adrenalone - Thrombin - Collagen - Calcium alginate - Epinephrine
Blood coagulation factors	IX - II - VII - X - VIII - Eptacog alfa - Nonacog alfa - Thrombin
Other systemic hemostatics	Etamsylate - Carbazochrome - Batroxobin