The WikiDoc Living Textbook of Hematology

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Click Here For A Complete Listing Of All Chapters In The Living Textbook Of Hematology In Alphabetical Order

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Anatomy and Physiology

v • d • e
Blood
GeneralPlasma – Hematopoietic stem cells
Lymphoid – WBCT cells: Cytotoxic CD8+, Helper CD4+/Regulatory, γδ, Natural Killer T cell

B cells: Plasma, Memory

Natural killer cells (Lymphokine-activated killer cell)

Null cell
Myeloid – WBCMonocytes/Macrophages (Histiocytes, Kupffer cells, Dust cell, Microglia, Osteoclasts, Epithelioid cells, Langhans giant cells, Foreign-body giant cell)

Granulocytes (Neutrophil, Eosinophil, Basophil) – Mast cell precursors

Dendritic cells (Langerhans cells, Follicular dendritic cells)

Megakaryoblast – Megakaryocyte – Platelets
Myeloid – RBCReticulocyte – Normoblast
v • d • e
HLA-A serotypes

HLA-A · A1 · A2 · A3 · A9 (A23 · A24) · A10 (A25 · A26 · A34 · A43 · A66) · A11 · A19 (A29 · A30 · A31 · A32 · A33 · A74) · A28 (A68 · A69) · A36 · A80

v • d • e
HLA-B Serotypes and allele groups
HLA-B - B5 (B51 - B52) - B7 - B8 - B12 (B44 - B45) - B13 - B14]] (B64 - B65) - B15 (B62 - B63 - B70 - B71- B75 - B76 - B77) - B16 (B38 - B39) - B17 (B57 - B58) - B18 - B21 (B49 - B50) - B22 (B54 - B55 - B56) - B27 - B35 - B37 - B40 (B60 - B61) - B41 - B42 - B46 - B47 - B48 - B53 - B59 - B67 - B73 - B78 - B81 - B*82 - B*83
v • d • e
HLA-Cw Serotypes and Allelegroups
HLA-C - Cw1 (Cw11) - Cw2 - Cw3 (Cw9 - Cw10) - Cw4 - Cw5 - Cw6 - Cw7 - Cw8 - Cw*12 - Cw*13 - Cw*14 - Cw*15 - Cw*16 - Cw*17 - Cw*18
v • d • e
Proteins: coagulation
Coagulation factorsintrinsic pathway (FXII, FXI, FIX, FVIII) - extrinsic pathway (Tissue factor, FVII) - common pathway (FX, FV, (Pro)thrombin / FII, Fibrin / FI, FXIII) - HMWK - vWF - Kallikrein
InhibitorsAntithrombin - Protein C - Protein S - Protein Z - ZPI - TFPI
FibrinolysisPlasmin - tPA/urokinase - PAI-1/2 - α2-AP - α2-macroglobulin - TAFI
v • d • e
Serpins
inhibitoryAlpha 1-antichymotrypsin - Alpha 1-antitrypsin - Alpha 2-antiplasmin - Antithrombin - C1-inhibitor - Heparin cofactor II - Protein C inhibitor - Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 - Plasminogen activator inhibitor-2 - Protein Z-related protease inhibitor
noninhibitoryMaspin - Ovalbumin - Heat shock protein 47 - Thyroxine-binding globulin - Transcortin

Disease States

v • d • e
Pathology: hematology, myeloid hematologic disease (primarily D50-D77, 280-289)
RBCs/
hemoglobinopathy
+ Polycythemia - Macrocytosis
-
Anemia
Nutritional Iron deficiency anemia (Plummer-Vinson syndrome), Megaloblastic anemia (Pernicious anemia)
Hemolytic
Hereditary enzyme: G6PD Deficiency - Pyruvate kinase deficiency - Triosephosphate isomerase deficiency

hemoglobin: Thalassemia - Sickle-cell disease/trait

membrane: Hereditary spherocytosis - Hereditary elliptocytosis - Hereditary stomatocytosis
Acquired Autoimmune (Warm, Cold), HUS, MAHA, PNH, PCH, Myelophthisic
Aplastic Acquired PRCA, Diamond-Blackfan anemia, Fanconi anemia, Sideroblastic anemia
Blood tests Normocytic - Microcytic - Macrocytic - Normochromic - Hypochromic
Other Methemoglobinemia
Coagulation/platelets/
coagulopathy/
bleeding diathesis
+
Hypercoagulability primary: Antithrombin III deficiency - Protein C deficiency/Activated protein C resistance/Protein S deficiency/Factor V Leiden - Hyperprothrombinemia
acquired: DIC (Congenital afibrinogenemia, Purpura fulminans) - autoimmune (Antiphospholipid)
Other Essential thrombocytosis
- clotting factor: Hemophilia (A/VIII, B/IX, C/XI) • Von Willebrand disease • Hypoprothrombinemia/II - XIII

platelet function: Bernard-Soulier syndrome - Glanzmann's thrombasthenia - Gray platelet syndrome - May Hegglin anomaly - Pelger-Huet anomaly

Purpura: Henoch-Schönlein, ITP (Evans syndrome), TTP

Thrombocytopenia (Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia)
Monocytes/
macrophages
+
Histiocytosis WHO-I (Langerhans cell histiocytosis)

WHO-II/non-Langerhans-cell (Juvenile xanthogranuloma, Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis)

WHO-III/malignant (Acute monocytic leukemia, Malignant histiocytosis, Erdheim-Chester disease)
Other Chronic granulomatous disease
-cytosis: Monocytosis
- -penia: Monocytopenia
Granulocytes
+ -cytosis: granulocytosis (Neutrophilia, Eosinophilia, Basophilia)
- -penia: Granulocytopenia/agranulocytosis (Neutropenia/Kostmann syndrome, Eosinopenia, Basopenia)
See also hematological malignancy and immune disorders
v • d • e
Proteins: coagulation
Coagulation factorsintrinsic pathway (FXII, FXI, FIX, FVIII) - extrinsic pathway (Tissue factor, FVII) - common pathway (FX, FV, (Pro)thrombin / FII, Fibrin / FI, FXIII) - HMWK - vWF - Kallikrein
InhibitorsAntithrombin - Protein C - Protein S - Protein Z - ZPI - TFPI
FibrinolysisPlasmin - tPA/urokinase - PAI-1/2 - α2-AP - α2-macroglobulin - TAFI
v • d • e
Myeloid Hematological malignancy/leukemia histology (ICD-O 9590-9989, C81-C96, 200-208)
CFU-GM/
and other granulocytes
CFU-GM
Myelocyte AML: Acute myeloblastic leukemia (M0, M1, M2), APL/M3
MP (Chronic neutrophilic leukemia)
Monocyte AML (AMoL/M5, Myeloid dendritic cell leukemia)
CML (Philadelphia chromosome, Accelerated phase chronic myelogenous leukemia)
Myelomonocyte AML (M4)
MD-MP (Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia, Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia)
Other Histiocytosis
CFU-Baso AML (Acute basophilic)
CFU-Eos AML (Acute eosinophilic)
MP (Chronic eosinophilic leukemia/Hypereosinophilic syndrome)
MEP
CFU-Meg AML (AMKL/M7)
MP (Essential thrombocytosis)
CFU-E AML (Erythroleukemia/M6)

MP (Polycythemia vera)

MD (Refractory anemia, Refractory anemia with excess of blasts, Chromosome 5q deletion syndrome, Sideroblastic anemia, Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, Refractory cytopenia with multilineage dysplasia)
CFU-MastMastocytoma (Mast cell leukemia, Mast cell sarcoma, Systemic mastocytosis)
Multiple/unknownAML (Acute panmyelosis with myelofibrosis, Myeloid sarcoma) · MP (Myelofibrosis) · Acute biphenotypic leukaemia
See also hematology, lymphoid malignancy
v • d • e
Transfusion medicine
General conceptsApheresis  (Plasmapheresis, Plateletpheresis, Leukapheresis) - Blood transfusion - Coombs test - Cross-matching - Exchange transfusion - International Society of Blood Transfusion - Intraoperative blood salvage - ISBT 128 - Transfusion reactions
Human blood group systems  - Blood typeABO - Chido-Rodgers - Colton - Cromer - Diego - Dombrock - Duffy - Gerbich - GIL - Hh - Ii - Indian - JMH - Kell (Xk) - Kidd - Knops - LW - Lewis - Lutheran - MNS - OK - P - Raph - Rh - Scianna - T-Tn - Xg - Yt - Other
Blood productsBlood donation - Blood substitutes - Cryoprecipitate - Platelets - Plasma - Red blood cells - Whole blood
v • d • e
Hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN)
ABO HDN • Anti-Kell HDN • Rhesus c HDN • Rhesus D HDN • Rhesus E HDN

Pharmacotherapy

v • d • e
Antihemorrhagics (B02)
Antifibrinolyticsamino acids (Aminocaproic acid, Tranexamic acid, Aminomethylbenzoic acid) - serpins (Aprotinin, Alfa1 antitrypsin, C1-inhibitor, Camostat)
Vitamin KPhytomenadione - Menadione
FibrinogenFibrinogen
Local hemostaticsAbsorbable gelatin sponge - Oxidized cellulose - Tetragalacturonic acid hydroxymethylester - Adrenalone - Thrombin - Collagen - Calcium alginate - Epinephrine
Blood coagulation factorsIX - II - VII - X - VIII - Eptacog alfa - Nonacog alfa - Thrombin
Other systemic hemostaticsEtamsylate - Carbazochrome - Batroxobin




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Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content

Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .

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