Hexobarbital

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Hexobarbital

Clinical data
ATC code	N01AF02 (WHO) N05CA16 (WHO)
Pharmacokinetic data
Protein binding	25%
Identifiers
IUPAC name 5-(1-cyclohexenyl)- 1,5-dimethyl- hexahydropyrimidine- 2,4,6-trione
CAS Number	56-29-1
PubChem CID	3608
DrugBank	EXPT03301
E number	{{#property:P628}}
ECHA InfoCard	{{#property:P2566}}
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C12H16N2O3
Molar mass	236.267 g/mol

Overview

Hexobarbital is a barbiturate derivative having hypnotic and sedative effects. It was used in the 1940s-1950s as an agent for inducing anesthesia for surgery and has a relatively fast onset of effects and short duration of action. However it can be difficult to control the depth of anesthesia with hexobarbital which makes it quite dangerous, and it has now been replaced by safer drugs in human medicine, usually thiopental would be the barbiturate of choice for this application these days. Hexobarbital was also marketed as a rapid-acting sleeping pill with short duration (tradenames: Citopan, Evipan and others, usually in 250 mg strength tablets). Hexobarbital is still used in some scientific research.

Further reading

• Takenoshita R, Toki S (2004). "[New aspects of hexobarbital metabolism: stereoselective metabolism, new metabolic pathway via GSH conjugation, and 3-hydroxyhexobarbital dehydrogenases]". Yakugaku Zasshi. 124 (12): 857–71. PMID 15577260.
• Wahlström G (1998). "A study of the duration of acute tolerance induced with hexobarbital in male rats". Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 59 (4): 945–8. PMID 9586853.
• Korkmaz S, Ljungblad E, Wahlström G (1995). "Interaction between flumazenil and the anesthetic effects of hexobarbital in the rat". Brain Res. 676 (2): 371–7. PMID 7614008.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Dall V, Orntoft U, Schmidt A, Nordholm L (1993). "Interaction of the competitive AMPA receptor antagonist NBQX with hexobarbital". Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 46 (1): 73–6. PMID 8255925.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)