Abf1 regulatory factor gene transcriptions

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Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Henry A. Hoff

Human genes

Main article: Human genes

GeneID: ID: 6777 is STAT5B signal transducer and activator of transcription 5B (aka STAT5). "The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the STAT family of transcription factors. In response to cytokines and growth factors, STAT family members are phosphorylated by the receptor associated kinases, and then form homo- or heterodimers that translocate to the cell nucleus where they act as transcription activators. This protein mediates the signal transduction triggered by various cell ligands, such as IL2, IL4, CSF1, and different growth hormones. It has been shown to be involved in diverse biological processes, such as TCR signaling, apoptosis, adult mammary gland development, and sexual dimorphism of liver gene expression. This gene was found to fuse to retinoic acid receptor-alpha (RARA) gene in a small subset of acute promyelocytic leukemias (APLL). The dysregulation of the signaling pathways mediated by this protein may be the cause of the APLL."[1]

  1. NP_036580.2 signal transducer and activator of transcription 5B.

Gene ID: 9242 is MSC musculin on 8q13.3 aka ABF1; MYOR; ABF-1; bHLHa22: "The protein encoded by this gene is a transcriptional repressor capable of binding an E-box element either as a homodimer or as a heterodimer with E2A in vitro. The encoded protein also forms heterodimers with E2A proteins in vivo. This protein is capable of inhibiting the transactivation capability of E47, an E2A protein, in mammalian cells. This gene is a downstream target of the B-cell receptor signal transduction pathway."[2]

Gene ID: 50616 is IL22 interleukin 22 on 12q15 aka TIFa; IL-21; IL-22; ILTIF; IL-TIF; IL-D110; zcyto18; TIFIL-23: "This gene is a member of the IL10 family of cytokines that mediate cellular inflammatory responses. The encoded protein functions in antimicrobial defense at mucosal surfaces and in tissue repair. This protein also has pro-inflammatory properties and plays a role in in the pathogenesis of several intestinal diseases. The encoded protein is a crucial cytokine that regulates host immunity in infectious diseases, including COVID-19 (disease caused by SARS-CoV-2)."[3]

"Note: This gene has been reviewed for its involvement in coronavirus biology, and is involved in immune response or antiviral activity."[3]

"Note: This gene (GeneID: 50616) was identified as IL-21 or IL-TIF in PMID: 10954742. The official symbol for this gene is now IL22. [19 May 2011]"[3]

Gene expressions

Main article: Gene expressions

"Musculin (MSC), a helix-loop-helix transcription factor upregulates the PPP2R2B, a regulatory member of the PP2A enzyme resulting in the reduced phosphorylation of STAT5B Ser-193 upon IL-2 triggering in human Th17 cells [51]. Thus, Musculin leads to higher levels of PPP2R2B and impaired induction of IL-2-dependent target genes, inhibiting Th17 response to IL-2 signaling by restraining STAT5B activity [51]."[4]

Consensus sequences

Main article: Consensus sequence gene transcriptions

Specific "sequences considered as exact Abf1 motif occurrences": CGTNNNNNACGA(C/T), CGTNNNNNA(C/T)GAC, CGTNNNNNA(C/T)GA(C/T), CGTNNNNN(A/G)(C/T)GA(C/T) (Abfm).[5]

Hypotheses

  1. A1BG has no Abf1 regulatory factors in either promoter.
  2. A1BG is not transcribed by an Abf1 regulatory factor.
  3. Abf1 regulatory factor does not participate in the transcription of A1BG.

Abf1 samplings

Abf1 samplings

Copying a consensus Abf1 regulatory factor: 5'-CGTCCTCTACG-3' and putting the sequence in "⌘F" locates none between ZSCAN22 to A1BG direction, and none between ZNF497 and A1BG as can be found by the computer programs.

For the Basic programs testing consensus sequence 5'-CGTNNNNNACGAT-3' (starting with SuccessablesAbf1.bas) written to compare nucleotide sequences with the sequences on either the template strand (-), or coding strand (+), of the DNA, in the negative direction (-), or the positive direction (+), the programs are, are looking for, and found:

  1. negative strand in the negative direction (from ZSCAN22 to A1BG) is SuccessablesAbf1--.bas, looking for 5'-CGTNNNNNACGAT-3', 0.
  2. negative strand in the positive direction (from ZNF497 to A1BG) is SuccessablesAbf1-+.bas, looking for 5'-CGTNNNNNACGAT-3', 0.
  3. positive strand, negative direction is SuccessablesAbf1+-.bas, looking for 5'-CGTNNNNNACGAT-3', 0.
  4. positive strand, positive direction is SuccessablesAbf1++.bas, looking for 5'-CGTNNNNNACGAT-3', 0.
  5. complement, negative strand, negative direction is SuccessablesAbf1c--.bas, looking for 5'-GCANNNNNTGCTA-3', 0.
  6. complement, negative strand, positive direction is SuccessablesAbf1c-+.bas, looking for 5'-GCANNNNNTGCTA-3', 0.
  7. complement, positive strand, negative direction is SuccessablesAbf1c+-.bas, looking for 5'-GCANNNNNTGCTA-3', 0.
  8. complement, positive strand, positive direction is SuccessablesAbf1c++.bas, looking for 5'-GCANNNNNTGCTA-3', 0.
  9. inverse complement, negative strand, negative direction is SuccessablesAbf1ci--.bas, looking for 5'-ATCGTNNNNNACG-3', 0.
  10. inverse complement, negative strand, positive direction is SuccessablesAbf1ci-+.bas, looking for 5'-ATCGTNNNNNACG-3', 0.
  11. inverse complement, positive strand, negative direction is SuccessablesAbf1ci+-.bas, looking for 5'-ATCGTNNNNNACG-3', 0.
  12. inverse complement, positive strand, positive direction is SuccessablesAbf1ci++.bas, looking for 5'-ATCGTNNNNNACG-3', 0.
  13. inverse negative strand, negative direction is SuccessablesAbf1i--.bas, looking for 5'-TAGCANNNNNTGC-3', 0.
  14. inverse negative strand, positive direction is SuccessablesAbf1i-+.bas, looking for 5'-TAGCANNNNNTGC-3', 0.
  15. inverse positive strand, negative direction is SuccessablesAbf1i+-.bas, looking for 5'-TAGCANNNNNTGC-3', 0.
  16. inverse positive strand, positive direction is SuccessablesAbf1i++.bas, looking for 5'-TAGCANNNNNTGC-3', 0.

ABFs samplings

ABFs samplings

For the Basic programs testing consensus sequence CGTNNNNN(A/G)(C/T)GA(C/T) (starting with SuccessablesAbfm.bas) written to compare nucleotide sequences with the sequences on either the template strand (-), or coding strand (+), of the DNA, in the negative direction (-), or the positive direction (+), the programs are, are looking for, and found:

  1. negative strand, negative direction is SuccessablesAbfm--.bas, looking for 5'-CGTNNNNN(A/G)(C/T)GA(C/T)-3', 0.
  2. negative strand, positive direction is SuccessablesAbfm-+.bas, looking for 5'-CGTNNNNN(A/G)(C/T)GA(C/T)-3', 0.
  3. positive strand, negative direction is SuccessablesAbfm+-.bas, looking for 5'-CGTNNNNN(A/G)(C/T)GA(C/T)-3', 1, 5'-CGTTCTTTATGAT-3' at 352.
  4. positive strand, positive direction is SuccessablesAbfm++.bas, looking for 5'-CGTNNNNN(A/G)(C/T)GA(C/T)-3', 2, 5'-CGTTCGGTGTGAC-3' at 346, 5'-CGTCACCGGTGAC-3' at 2073.
  5. complement, negative strand, negative direction is SuccessablesAbfmc--.bas, looking for 5'-GCANNNNN(C/T)(A/G)CT(A/G)-3', 1, 5'-GCAAGAAATACTA-3' at 352.
  6. complement, negative strand, positive direction is SuccessablesAbfmc-+.bas, looking for 5'-GCANNNNN(C/T)(A/G)CT(A/G)-3', 2, 5'-GCAAGCCACACTG-3' at 346, 5'-GCAGTGGCCACTG-3' at 2073.
  7. complement, positive strand, negative direction is SuccessablesAbfmc+-.bas, looking for 5'-GCANNNNN(C/T)(A/G)CT(A/G)-3', 0.
  8. complement, positive strand, positive direction is SuccessablesAbfmc++.bas, looking for 5'-GCANNNNN(C/T)(A/G)CT(A/G)-3', 0.
  9. inverse complement, negative strand, negative direction is SuccessablesAbfmci--.bas, looking for 5'-(A/G)TC(A/G)(C/T)NNNNNACG-3', 0.
  10. inverse complement, negative strand, positive direction is SuccessablesAbfmci-+.bas, looking for 5'-(A/G)TC(A/G)(C/T)NNNNNACG-3', 0.
  11. inverse complement, positive strand, negative direction is SuccessablesAbfmci+-.bas, looking for 5'-(A/G)TC(A/G)(C/T)NNNNNACG-3', 0.
  12. inverse complement, positive strand, positive direction is SuccessablesAbfmci++.bas, looking for 5'-(A/G)TC(A/G)(C/T)NNNNNACG-3', 0.
  13. inverse negative strand, negative direction is SuccessablesAbfmi--.bas, looking for 5'-(C/T)AG(C/T)(A/G)NNNNNTGC-3', 0.
  14. inverse negative strand, positive direction is SuccessablesAbfmi-+.bas, looking for 5'-(C/T)AG(C/T)(A/G)NNNNNTGC-3', 0.
  15. inverse positive strand, negative direction is SuccessablesAbfmi+-.bas, looking for 5'-(C/T)AG(C/T)(A/G)NNNNNTGC-3', 0.
  16. inverse positive strand, positive direction is SuccessablesAbfmi++.bas, looking for 5'-(C/T)AG(C/T)(A/G)NNNNNTGC-3', 0.

Abfm negative direction (2596-1) distal promoters

  1. Positive strand, negative direction: CGTTCTTTATGAT at 352.

Abfm positive direction (4050-1) distal promoters

  1. Positive strand, positive direction: CGTCACCGGTGAC at 2073, CGTTCGGTGTGAC at 346.

Abfm random dataset samplings

  1. Abfmr0: 0.
  2. Abfmr1: 0.
  3. Abfmr2: 0.
  4. Abfmr3: 1, CGTGTAGTGTGAC at 2207.
  5. Abfmr4: 0.
  6. Abfmr5: 0.
  7. Abfmr6: 1, CGTGTCATGTGAC at 1344.
  8. Abfmr7: 0.
  9. Abfmr8: 0.
  10. Abfmr9: 0.
  11. Abfmr0ci: 1, GTCATATCGTACG at 3968.
  12. Abfmr1ci: 0.
  13. Abfmr2ci: 1, ATCGCATTAAACG at 2757.
  14. Abfmr3ci: 0.
  15. Abfmr4ci: 0.
  16. Abfmr5ci: 0.
  17. Abfmr6ci: 0.
  18. Abfmr7ci: 0.
  19. Abfmr8ci: 0.
  20. Abfmr9ci: 0.

Abfmr arbitrary (evens) (4560-2846) UTRs

  1. Abfmr0ci: GTCATATCGTACG at 3968.

Abfmr arbitrary negative direction (evens) (2811-2596) proximal promoters

  1. Abfmr2ci: ATCGCATTAAACG at 2757.

Abfmr arbitrary negative direction (evens) (2596-1) distal promoters

  1. Abfmr6: CGTGTCATGTGAC at 1344.

Abfmr alternate negative direction (odds) (2596-1) distal promoters

  1. Abfmr3: CGTGTAGTGTGAC at 2207.

Abfmr arbitrary positive direction (odds) (4050-1) distal promoters

  1. Abfmr3: CGTGTAGTGTGAC at 2207.

Abfmr alternate positive direction (evens) (4050-1) distal promoters

  1. Abfmr6: CGTGTCATGTGAC at 1344.
  2. Abfmr0ci: GTCATATCGTACG at 3968.
  3. Abfmr2ci: ATCGCATTAAACG at 2757.

Discussion

The general consensus sequence for Abfm CGTNNNNN(A/G)(C/T)GA(C/T) occurs on both sides of A1BG but only in the distal promoters. Random datasets, even numbered arbitrarily assigned to the negative direction and odd numbered assigned to the positive direction yielded a sequence in the UTR, core promoter and distal promoter for the negative direction and a sequence in the distal promoter for the positive direction. The real consensus sequence yielded only three results: one in the negative direction and two in the positive, all in the distal promoters. The random sequences (four total) occurred in the UTR, proximal promoter and distal promoter for the negative direction and one in the distal promoter for the positive direction. While the differences between real and random are small (three vs. four), (all distal vs. UTR, proximal and two distal), they are likely significant as the random datasets (10) should have encompassed the real (2, each side of A1BG) but this did not occur.

Abfm analysis and results

Main article: Complex locus A1BG and ZNF497 § Abfms

Specific "sequences considered as exact Abf1 motif occurrences": CGTNNNNNACGA(C/T), CGTNNNNNA(C/T)GAC, CGTNNNNNA(C/T)GA(C/T), CGTNNNNN(A/G)(C/T)GA(C/T) (Abfm).[5]

Reals or randoms Promoters direction Numbers Strands Occurrences Averages (± 0.1)
Reals UTR negative 0 2 0 0
Randoms UTR arbitrary negative 1 10 0.1 0.05 ± 0.05
Randoms UTR alternate negative 0 10 0 0.05 ± 0.05
Reals Core negative 0 2 0 0
Randoms Core arbitrary negative 0 10 0 0
Randoms Core alternate negative 0 10 0 0
Reals Core positive 0 2 0 0
Randoms Core arbitrary positive 0 10 0 0
Randoms Core alternate positive 0 10 0 0
Reals Proximal negative 0 2 0 0
Randoms Proximal arbitrary negative 1 10 0.1 0.05 ± 0.05
Randoms Proximal alternate negative 0 10 0 0.05 ± 0.05
Reals Proximal positive 0 2 0 0
Randoms Proximal arbitrary positive 0 10 0 0
Randoms Proximal alternate positive 0 10 0 0
Reals Distal negative 1 2 0.5 0.5 ± 0.5 (--0,+-1)
Randoms Distal arbitrary negative 1 10 0.1 0.1
Randoms Distal alternate negative 1 10 0.1 0.1
Reals Distal positive 2 2 1 1 ± 1 (-+0,++2)
Randoms Distal arbitrary positive 1 10 0.1 0.2
Randoms Distal alternate positive 3 10 0.3 0.2

Comparison:

The occurrences of real Abfms are greater than the randoms. This suggests that the real Abfms are likely active or activable.

Abfm ACGAC samplings

Abfm ACGAC samplings

For the Basic programs testing consensus sequence (A/G)(C/T)GA(C/T) (starting with SuccessablesACGAC.bas) written to compare nucleotide sequences with the sequences on either the template strand (-), or coding strand (+), of the DNA, in the negative direction (-), or the positive direction (+), the programs are, are looking for, and found:

  1. negative strand, negative direction is SuccessablesACGAC--.bas, looking for (A/G)(C/T)GA(C/T), 28, GTGAC at 4336, ACGAC at 3956, ACGAC at 3863, GTGAT at 3735, ACGAC at 3708, ATGAC at 3541, GTGAT at 3492, ATGAT at 3471, GTGAT at 3368, ACGAC at 3264, ATGAT at 3160, GTGAT at 2974, ACGAT at 2897, GTGAC at 2757, GTGAT at 2633, GTGAC at 2422, ACGAC at 2325, ATGAT at 2296, ATGAT at 2171, ATGAC at 2162, GTGAC at 1996, ATGAT at 1869, GTGAC at 1492, ATGAT at 815, ATGAT at 760, ATGAT at 626, ACGAT at 336, GTGAT at 209.
  2. negative strand, positive direction is SuccessablesACGAC-+.bas, looking for (A/G)(C/T)GA(C/T), 17, GCGAC at 4357, ATGAT at 4155, GTGAC at 3972, GTGAT at 3844, ATGAC at 3783, GTGAC at 3713, ATGAC at 3568, ATGAC at 3028, ATGAC at 2842, GTGAT at 2512, ATGAC at 2411, GTGAT at 2376, GCGAC at 2358, ATGAT at 2142, GTGAC at 2129, ACGAT at 1836, ATGAC at 61.
  3. positive strand, negative direction is SuccessablesACGAC+-.bas, looking for (A/G)(C/T)GA(C/T), 14, GTGAC at 4354, GCGAT at 4242, GTGAT at 3797, GTGAC at 3411, ATGAC at 2785, ATGAC at 2188, GCGAC at 2014, ATGAT at 1701, ATGAT at 1664, GTGAT at 1480, GCGAC at 1190, GTGAC at 1050, GTGAC at 745, ATGAT at 352.
  4. positive strand, positive direction is SuccessablesACGAC++.bas, looking for (A/G)(C/T)GA(C/T), 34, ACGAC at 4391, GTGAC at 4339, ACGAC at 4313, ACGAC at 4176, GTGAC at 4088, GCGAC at 3988, GTGAC at 3389, GTGAC at 3344, GTGAC at 3318, GCGAC at 3228, ATGAC at 3116, GTGAC at 2930, ACGAT at 2754, GTGAT at 2637, GTGAT at 2426, GTGAC at 2341, GTGAC at 2202, ACGAT at 2156, GTGAC at 2073, ACGAT at 2047, ACGAC at 2044, GTGAC at 2041, GTGAC at 1997, ACGAC at 1778, ACGAC at 1735, GCGAC at 1728, GCGAC at 1652, GTGAC at 1503, ATGAC at 1285, GTGAC at 1139, GCGAC at 778, GCGAC at 738, ACGAC at 529, GTGAC at 346.
  5. complement, negative strand, negative direction is SuccessablesACGACc--.bas, looking for (C/T)(A/G)CT(A/G), 14, CACTG at 4354, CGCTA at 4242, CACTA at 3797, CACTG at 3411, TACTG at 2785, TACTG at 2188, CGCTG at 2014, TACTA at 1701, TACTA at 1664, CACTA at 1480, CGCTG at 1190, CACTG at 1050, CACTG at 745, TACTA at 352.
  6. complement, negative strand, positive direction is SuccessablesACGACc-+.bas, looking for (C/T)(A/G)CT(A/G), 34, TGCTG at 4391, CACTG at 4339, TGCTG at 4313, TGCTG at 4176, CACTG at 4088, CGCTG at 3988, CACTG at 3389, CACTG at 3344, CACTG at 3318, CGCTG at 3228, TACTG at 3116, CACTG at 2930, TGCTA at 2754, CACTA at 2637, CACTA at 2426, CACTG at 2341, CACTG at 2202, TGCTA at 2156, CACTG at 2073, TGCTA at 2047, TGCTG at 2044, CACTG at 2041, CACTG at 1997, TGCTG at 1778, TGCTG at 1735, CGCTG at 1728, CGCTG at 1652, CACTG at 1503, TACTG at 1285, CACTG at 1139, CGCTG at 778, CGCTG at 738, TGCTG at 529, CACTG at 346.
  7. complement, positive strand, negative direction is SuccessablesACGACc+-.bas, looking for (C/T)(A/G)CT(A/G), 28, CACTG at 4336, TGCTG at 3956, TGCTG at 3863, CACTA at 3735, TGCTG at 3708, TACTG at 3541, CACTA at 3492, TACTA at 3471, CACTA at 3368, TGCTG at 3264, TACTA at 3160, CACTA at 2974, TGCTA at 2897, CACTG at 2757, CACTA at 2633, CACTG at 2422, TGCTG at 2325, TACTA at 2296, TACTA at 2171, TACTG at 2162, CACTG at 1996, TACTA at 1869, CACTG at 1492, TACTA at 815, TACTA at 760, TACTA at 626, TGCTA at 336, CACTA at 209.
  8. complement, positive strand, positive direction is SuccessablesACGACc++.bas, looking for (C/T)(A/G)CT(A/G), 17, CGCTG at 4357, TACTA at 4155, CACTG at 3972, CACTA at 3844, TACTG at 3783, CACTG at 3713, TACTG at 3568, TACTG at 3028, TACTG at 2842, CACTA at 2512, TACTG at 2411, CACTA at 2376, CGCTG at 2358, TACTA at 2142, CACTG at 2129, TGCTA at 1836, TACTG at 61.
  9. inverse complement, negative strand, negative direction is SuccessablesACGACci--.bas, looking for (A/G)TC(A/G)(C/T), 39, GTCAC at 4358, GTCAC at 4318, GTCAC at 4199, ATCAC at 4048, GTCGT at 3900, GTCGT at 3732, GTCGC at 3695, GTCAC at 3601, ATCGT at 3495, GTCAT at 3479, ATCGT at 3371, GTCGT at 3071, GTCAC at 2738, GTCAC at 2655, GTCAC at 2602, ATCAT at 2500, GTCAC at 2403, ATCAT at 2341, GTCGT at 2274, GTCAT at 2212, ATCGT at 2095, GTCAC at 2084, GTCAC at 1977, GTCGT at 1786, ATCAT at 1705, GTCGT at 1612, GTCAC at 1533, GTCAC at 1473, GTCAC at 1324, GTCGT at 1141, GTCAC at 1119, GTCAC at 1033, GTCGC at 738, GTCGT at 677, GTCGT at 541, GTCAC at 521, ATCAC at 470, GTCGT at 404, GTCAC at 298.
  10. inverse complement, negative strand, positive direction is SuccessablesACGACci-+.bas, looking for (A/G)TC(A/G)(C/T), 20, ATCAT at 4363, ATCAT at 4148, ATCAC at 4125, ATCAT at 4117, ATCAC at 4086, GTCAC at 3953, GTCAC at 3821, GTCAC at 3746, GTCGC at 3284, ATCGC at 3273, ATCAC at 3252, GTCAC at 2928, GTCAC at 2424, ATCAC at 2339, GTCAC at 2311, GTCAC at 2036, GTCGC at 1688, GTCAT at 1185, GTCAC at 154, GTCGT at 78.
  11. inverse complement, positive strand, negative direction is SuccessablesACGACci+-.bas, looking for (A/G)TC(A/G)(C/T), 28, ATCGC at 4290, ATCAC at 4159, ATCAC at 4008, ATCAC at 3490, ATCAT at 3419, ATCAT at 3416, ATCAC at 3278, ATCAC at 3238, ATCAC at 3099, ATCAT at 2942, ATCAT at 2750, ATCGC at 2710, ATCAC at 2576, ATCAC at 2415, ATCAC at 2241, ATCAC at 1989, ATCAC at 1169, ATCAC at 879, ATCGC at 839, ATCAC at 705, ATCAT at 591, GTCAC at 569, ATCAC at 527, ATCAC at 432, ATCAC at 294, GTCAC at 207, ATCAT at 199, GTCGC at 158.
  12. inverse complement, positive strand, positive direction is SuccessablesACGACci++.bas, looking for (A/G)TC(A/G)(C/T), 43, GTCAC at 4272, GTCGC at 4053, GTCGT at 4024, GTCAC at 3963, GTCAC at 3842, GTCGT at 3721, GTCGT at 3692, ATCGC at 3514, GTCAC at 3462, GTCAT at 3414, GTCAC at 3233, GTCGT at 3212, GTCGT at 3156, GTCGT at 3145, GTCGT at 3042, GTCAC at 2937, GTCAC at 2463, GTCAC at 2329, GTCGT at 2199, ATCAC at 2169, GTCGT at 2103, GTCAC at 2066, GTCAC at 2061, GTCGT at 1508, GTCGC at 1464, GTCGT at 1458, GTCGC at 1364, GTCGT at 1358, GTCGC at 1272, GTCAC at 1251, GTCGC at 1128, GTCGT at 1122, GTCGC at 1058, GTCGT at 1055, GTCGT at 1038, GTCGT at 786, GTCGC at 719, GTCGC at 635, GTCGC at 624, GTCGT at 618, GTCGT at 534, GTCGT at 336, GTCGC at 330.
  13. inverse negative strand, negative direction is SuccessablesACGACi--.bas, looking for (C/T)AG(C/T)(A/G), 28, TAGCG at 4290, TAGTG at 4159, TAGTG at 4008, TAGTG at 3490, TAGTA at 3419, TAGTA at 3416, TAGTG at 3278, TAGTG at 3238, TAGTG at 3099, TAGTA at 2942, TAGTA at 2750, TAGCG at 2710, TAGTG at 2576, TAGTG at 2415, TAGTG at 2241, TAGTG at 1989, TAGTG at 1169, TAGTG at 879, TAGCG at 839, TAGTG at 705, TAGTA at 591, CAGTG at 569, TAGTG at 527, TAGTG at 432, TAGTG at 294, CAGTG at 207, TAGTA at 199, CAGCG at 158.
  14. inverse negative strand, positive direction is SuccessablesACGACi-+.bas, looking for (C/T)AG(C/T)(A/G), 43, CAGTG at 4272, CAGCG at 4053, CAGCA at 4024, CAGTG at 3963, CAGTG at 3842, CAGCA at 3721, CAGCA at 3692, TAGCG at 3514, CAGTG at 3462, CAGTA at 3414, CAGTG at 3233, CAGCA at 3212, CAGCA at 3156, CAGCA at 3145, CAGCA at 3042, CAGTG at 2937, CAGTG at 2463, CAGTG at 2329, CAGCA at 2199, TAGTG at 2169, CAGCA at 2103, CAGTG at 2066, CAGTG at 2061, CAGCA at 1508, CAGCG at 1464, CAGCA at 1458, CAGCG at 1364, CAGCA at 1358, CAGCG at 1272, CAGTG at 1251, CAGCG at 1128, CAGCA at 1122, CAGCG at 1058, CAGCA at 1055, CAGCA at 1038, CAGCA at 786, CAGCG at 719, CAGCG at 635, CAGCG at 624, CAGCA at 618, CAGCA at 534, CAGCA at 336, CAGCG at 330.
  15. inverse positive strand, negative direction is SuccessablesACGACi+-.bas, looking for (C/T)AG(C/T)(A/G), 39, CAGTG at 4358, CAGTG at 4318, CAGTG at 4199, TAGTG at 4048, CAGCA at 3900, CAGCA at 3732, CAGCG at 3695, CAGTG at 3601, TAGCA at 3495, CAGTA at 3479, TAGCA at 3371, CAGCA at 3071, CAGTG at 2738, CAGTG at 2655, CAGTG at 2602, TAGTA at 2500, CAGTG at 2403, TAGTA at 2341, CAGCA at 2274, CAGTA at 2212, TAGCA at 2095, CAGTG at 2084, CAGTG at 1977, CAGCA at 1786, TAGTA at 1705, CAGCA at 1612, CAGTG at 1533, CAGTG at 1473, CAGTG at 1324, CAGCA at 1141, CAGTG at 1119, CAGTG at 1033, CAGCG at 738, CAGCA at 677, CAGCA at 541, CAGTG at 521, TAGTG at 470, CAGCA at 404, CAGTG at 298.
  16. inverse positive strand, positive direction is SuccessablesACGACi++.bas, looking for (C/T)AG(C/T)(A/G), 20, TAGTA at 4363, TAGTA at 4148, TAGTG at 4125, TAGTA at 4117, TAGTG at 4086, CAGTG at 3953, CAGTG at 3821, CAGTG at 3746, CAGCG at 3284, TAGCG at 3273, TAGTG at 3252, CAGTG at 2928, CAGTG at 2424, TAGTG at 2339, CAGTG at 2311, CAGTG at 2036, CAGCG at 1688, CAGTA at 1185, CAGTG at 154, CAGCA at 78.

B-cell receptor signal transduction pathway

Acknowledgements

The content on this page was first contributed by: Henry A. Hoff.

See also

References

  1. ↑ RefSeq (July 2008). STAT5B signal transducer and activator of transcription 5B [ Homo sapiens (human) ]. 8600 Rockville Pike, Bethesda MD, 20894 USA: National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine. Retrieved 14 November 2018.
  2. ↑ RefSeq (July 2008). "MSC musculin [ Homo sapiens (human) ]". 8600 Rockville Pike, Bethesda MD, 20894 USA: National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine. Retrieved 10 October 2020.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 RefSeq (December 2021). "IL22 interleukin 22 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]". 8600 Rockville Pike, Bethesda MD, 20894 USA: National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine. Retrieved 29 September 2021.
  4. ↑ Suyasha Roy and Lalit Batra (17 May 2023). "Protein Phosphatase 2A: Role in T Cells and Diseases". Journal of Immunology Research. 2023: 4522053. doi:10.1155/2023/4522053. PMID 37234102 Check |pmid= value (help). Retrieved 29 September 2023.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Matthew J. Rossi, William K.M. Lai and B. Franklin Pugh (21 March 2018). "Genome-wide determinants of sequence-specific DNA binding of general regulatory factors". Genome Research. 28: 497–508. doi:10.1101/gr.229518.117. PMID 29563167. Retrieved 31 August 2020.


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