Hematuria causes: Difference between revisions
Line 392: | Line 392: | ||
[[Category:Blood tests]] | [[Category:Blood tests]] | ||
[[Category:Urine tests]] | [[Category:Urine tests]] | ||
== Causes of Microscopic Hematuria == | |||
=== Causes by Anatomic Location === | |||
[[Image:Microscopic hematuria.jpg]] | |||
===Causes by Organ System=== | |||
{|style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1" | |||
|style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" |'''Cardiovascular''' | |||
|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" | [[Hypertension]], [[Malignant hypertension]], [[Shock]] | |||
|- | |||
|bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"| '''Chemical/Poisoning''' | |||
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes | |||
|- | |||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |||
| '''Dental''' | |||
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes | |||
|- | |||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |||
| '''Dermatologic''' | |||
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes | |||
|- | |||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |||
| '''Drug Side Effect''' | |||
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Analgesic nephropathy]], [[Anticoagulant therapy]], [[BCG vaccine]], [[Caspofungin]], [[Cobimetinib]], [[Cyclophosphamide]], [[Dicoumarol]], [[Febuxostat]], [[Gemcitabine]], [[Ifosfamide]], [[Micafungin]], [[Oxaprozin]], [[Oxcarbazepine]], [[Phenprocoumon]], [[Pramipexole]], [[Tiaprofenic acid]], [[Warfarin]] | |||
|- | |||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |||
| '''Ear Nose Throat''' | |||
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes | |||
|- | |||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |||
| '''Endocrine''' | |||
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes | |||
|- | |||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |||
| '''Environmental''' | |||
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes | |||
|- | |||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |||
| '''Gastroenterologic''' | |||
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes | |||
|- | |||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |||
| '''Genetic''' | |||
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Alport's syndrome]], [[Benign familial hematuria]], [[CD59|CD59 antigen deficiency]], [[Dent disease]], [[Fabry disease]],, [[HANAC syndrome]], [[Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasis]], [[Dysgenesis|Infundibulopelvic dysgenesis]], [[Osler's Disease]], [[Polycystic kidney disease]], [[Porphyria]] | |||
|- | |||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |||
| '''Hematologic''' | |||
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Bleeding diathesis]], [[Cold agglutinins]], [[Consumption coagulopathy]], [[Haemophilia]], [[Hemoglobinopathy]], [[Haemoglobinuria|March haemoglobinuria]], [[Multiple myeloma]], [[Paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria]], [[Polycythemia vera]], [[Porphyria]], [[Sickle cell disease]], [[Thalassemia]], [[Thrombocytopathy|Thrombocytopathies]], [[Thrombocytopenia]], [[Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura]] | |||
|- | |||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |||
| '''Iatrogenic''' | |||
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Prostatectomy]], [[Prostate biopsy|Prostatic procedures]]([[biopsy]], [[transurethral resection]] of the prostate), [[Post-radiation cystitis|Radiation cystitis]], [[Post-radiation cystitis|Radiation nephropathy]], [[Urethral catheterization]] | |||
|- | |||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |||
| '''Infectious Disease''' | |||
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Adenovirus]], [[Bacterial endocarditis]], [[Bilharziosis]], [[Tuberculosis|Bladder tuberculosis]], [[Chronic cystitis]], [[Cytomegalovirus]], [[Dengue]], [[Dioctophyma renale]], [[E.coli]], [[ECHO viruses]], [[Filaria]], [[Influenza]], [[Legionella pneumophila]], [[Malaria]], [[Plasmodium]], [[Tuberculosis|Prostate tuberculosis]], [[Prostatitis]], [[Pseudomonas]], [[Renal abscess]], [[Tuberculosis|Renal tuberculosis]], [[Salmonella]], [[Schistosomiasis]], [[Staphylococci]], [[Streptococci]], [[Torulopsis]], [[Toxoplasma]], [[Trichinella spiralis]], [[Tuberculosis]], [[tuberculosis|Ureter tuberculosis]], [[Urinary tract infection]], [[Varicella]] | |||
|- | |||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |||
| '''Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic''' | |||
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes | |||
|- | |||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |||
| '''Neurologic''' | |||
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes | |||
|- | |||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |||
| '''Nutritional/Metabolic''' | |||
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes | |||
|- | |||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |||
| '''Obstetric/Gynecologic''' | |||
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Endometriosis]] | |||
|- | |||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |||
| '''Oncologic''' | |||
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Benign|Benign renal mass]], [[Bladder cancer]], [[Hypernephroma]], [[Bladder cancer|Malignancies of the bladder]], [[RCC|Malignant renal mass]], [[Multiple myeloma]], [[Oncocytoma]], [[Prostate cancer|Prostate adenoma]], [[Prostate cancer]], [[Renal adenocarcinoma]], [[Renal angiomyolipoma]], [[Renal cell carcinoma]], [[Renal oncocytoma]], [[Bladder cancer|Squamous cell carcinoma of bladder]], [[Bladder cancer|Transitional cell carcinoma of bladder]], [[Transitional cell carcinoma|Transitional cell carcinoma of kidney]], [[Ureteral cancer|Ureter carcinoma]], [[Urethral cancer]], [[Urothelium carcinoma]], [[Wilms' tumor]] | |||
|- | |||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |||
| '''Ophthalmologic''' | |||
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes | |||
|- | |||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |||
| '''Overdose/Toxicity''' | |||
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes | |||
|- | |||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |||
| '''Psychiatric''' | |||
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes | |||
|- | |||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |||
| '''Pulmonary''' | |||
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes | |||
|- | |||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |||
| '''Renal/Electrolyte''' | |||
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Acute interstitial nephritis]], [[Analgesic nephropathy]], [[Angiomyolipoma]], [[Balkan nephropathy]], [[Berger's disease]], [[Diverticulum|Calyx diverticulum]], [[Crescentic glomerulonephritis]], [[Dense deposit disease]], [[Dent disease]], [[Diabetic glomerulosclerosis]], [[Diabetic nephropathy]], [[Glomerulopathy|Fibronectin glomerulopathy]], [[Focal segmental glomerulonephritis]], [[Glomerulonephritis]], [[Goodpasture syndrome]], [[Hydronephrosis]], [[Hypercalciuria]], [[Hypernephroma]], [[Hyperuricosuria]], [[IgA nephropathy]],[[Interstitial cystitis]], [[Loin pain hematuria syndrome]], [[RCC|Malignant renal mass]], [[Medullary sponge kidney]], [[Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis]], [[Glomerulonephritis|Mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis type iii]], [[Nephrocalcinosis]], [[Nephrolithiasis]], [[Nutcracker syndrome]], [[Papillary necrosis]], [[Postinfectious glomerulonephritis]], [[Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis]], [[Pyelonephritis]], [[Renal abscess]], [[Renal adenocarcinoma]], [[Renal angiomyolipoma]], [[Embolism|Renal aretery embolism]], [[Arteriovenous malformation|Renal arteriovenous malformation]], [[Aneurysm|Renal artery aneurysm]],[[Renal cell carcinoma]], [[Renal cyst]], [[Hyperplasia|Renal hyperplasia]], [[Renal oncocytoma]], [[Renal tuberculosis]], [[Renal vein thrombosis]], [[Shunt nephritis]], [[Thin basement membrane disease]], [[Tubulointerstitial nephropathies]], [[Wilms' tumor]] | |||
|- | |||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |||
| '''Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy''' | |||
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Allergic granulomatosis]], [[Berger's disease]], [[Cold agglutinins]], [[Dermatosclerosis]], [[Goodpasture syndrome]], [[Hemolytic uremic syndrome]], [[Henoch schonlein purpura]], [[IgA nephropathy]], [[Amyloidosis|Kidney amyloidosis]], [[Microscopic polyangiitis]], [[Polyarteritis nodosa]], [[Renal infarction]], [[Sarcoidosis]], [[SLE]], [[Vasculitis]], [[Wegener's granulomatosis]] | |||
|- | |||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |||
| '''Sexual''' | |||
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes | |||
|- | |||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |||
| '''Trauma''' | |||
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Pelvic fracture]], [[Trauma|Renal trauma]] | |||
|- | |||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |||
| '''Urologic''' | |||
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Acute prostatitis]], [[Benign prostatic hyperplasia]], [[Bladder stone]], [[Foreign body|Foreign body in urethra]], [[Hemorrhage|Hemorrhage from bladder outlet]], [[Hemorrhage|Hemorrhage from urethra]], [[Meatal stenosis]], [[Megaureter]], [[Urinary bladder|Postoperative spindle cell nodule of urinary bladder]], [[Prostate cancer|Prostate adenoma]], [[Prostate cancer]], [[Hyperplasia|Prostate hyperplasia]], [[Tuberculosis|Prostate tuberculosis]], [[Acute urate nephropathy|Urate nephropathy]], [[Ureteral cancer]], [[Tuberculosis|Ureter tuberculosis]], [[Fistula|Ureteroiliac fistula]], [[Renal stone|Ureterolithiasis]], [[Urethral cancer]], [[Carbuncle|Urethral carbuncle]], [[Diverticulum|Urethral diverticulum]], [[Polyp|Urethral fibroepithelial polyp]], [[Renal stone|Urethral stone]], [[Urethritis]], [[Urinary tract infection]], [[Urolithiasis]], [[Urothelium carcinoma]], [[Stricture|Urtethral stricture]], [[Calculi|Vesical calculi]], [[Vesico-uretero-renal reflux, congenital|Vesico-ureteral-renal reflux]] | |||
|- | |||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |||
| '''Miscellaneous''' | |||
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Arteriovenous fistula]], [[Arteriovenous malformation]], [[Cholesterol embolism]], [[Exercise]], [[Masturbation]], [[Transient|Transient unexplained]] | |||
|- | |||
|} | |||
===Causes by Alphabetical Order=== | |||
{{columns-list|3| | |||
*[[Acute interstitial nephritis]] | |||
*[[Acute prostatitis]] | |||
*[[Adenovirus]] | |||
*[[Allergic granulomatosis]] | |||
*[[Alport's syndrome]] | |||
*[[Analgesic nephropathy]] | |||
*[[Angiomyolipoma]] | |||
*[[Anticoagulant therapy]] | |||
*[[Arteriovenous fistula]] | |||
*[[Arteriovenous malformation]] | |||
*[[Arteriovenous malformations]] | |||
*[[Bacterial endocarditis]] | |||
*[[Balkan nephropathy]] | |||
*[[BCG vaccine]] | |||
*[[Benign familial hematuria]] | |||
*[[Benign prostatic hyperplasia]] | |||
*[[Benign|Benign renal mass]] | |||
*[[Berger's disease]] | |||
*[[Bilharziosis]] | |||
*[[Bladder cancer]] | |||
*[[Bladder stone]] | |||
*[[Tuberculosis|Bladder tuberculosis]] | |||
*[[Bleeding diathesis]] | |||
*[[Diverticulum|Calyx diverticulum]] | |||
*[[Caspofungin]] | |||
*[[CD59|CD59 antigen deficiency]] | |||
*[[Embolism|Cholesterol embolism]] | |||
*[[Chronic cystitis]] | |||
*[[Cobimetinib]] | |||
*[[Cold agglutinins]] | |||
*[[Consumption coagulopathy]] | |||
*[[Crescentic glomerulonephritis]] | |||
*[[Cyclophosphamide]] | |||
*[[Cytomegalovirus]] | |||
*[[Dengue]] | |||
*[[Dense deposit disease]] | |||
*[[Dent disease]] | |||
*[[Dermatosclerosis]] | |||
*[[Diabetic glomerulosclerosis]] | |||
*[[Diabetic nephropathy]] | |||
*[[Dicoumarol]] | |||
*[[Dioctophyma renale]] | |||
*[[E.coli]] | |||
*[[ECHO viruses]] | |||
*[[Endometriosis]] | |||
*[[Exercise]] | |||
*[[Fabry disease]] | |||
*[[Febuxostat]] | |||
*[[Glomerulopathy|Fibronectin glomerulopathy]] | |||
*[[Filaria]] | |||
*[[Focal segmental glomerulonephritis]] | |||
*[[Foreign body|Foreign body in urethra]] | |||
*[[Gemcitabine]] | |||
*[[Glomerulonephritis]] | |||
*[[Goodpasture syndrome]] | |||
*[[Haemophilia]] | |||
*[[HANAC syndrome]] | |||
*[[Hemoglobinopathy]] | |||
*[[Hemolytic uremic syndrome]] | |||
*[[Hemorrhage|Hemorrhage from bladder outlet]] | |||
*[[Hemorrhage|Hemorrhage from urethra]] | |||
*[[Henoch schonlein purpura]] | |||
*[[Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasis]] | |||
*[[Hydronephrosis]] | |||
*[[Hypercalciuria]] | |||
*[[Hypernephroma]] | |||
*[[Hypertension]] | |||
*[[Hyperuricosuria]] | |||
*[[Ifosfamide]] | |||
*[[IgA nephropathy]] | |||
*[[Influenza]] | |||
*[[Dysgenesis|Infundibulopelvic dysgenesis]] | |||
*[[Interstitial cystitis]] | |||
*[[Amyloidosis|Kidney amyloidosis]] | |||
*[[Legionella pneumophila]] | |||
*[[Loin pain hematuria syndrome]] | |||
*[[Lymphatic system|Lymphovenous malformation]]<ref name="pmid27175341">{{cite journal| author=Young EE, Gandhi N, Stuhldreher P, Bishop JA, Wang MH| title=Profound Hematuria in a Toddler Yields an Unusual Diagnosis. | journal=Urol Case Rep | year= 2016 | volume= 6 | issue= | pages= 39-41 | pmid=27175341 | doi=10.1016/j.eucr.2016.02.009 | pmc=4855982 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27175341 }} </ref> | |||
*[[Malaria]] | |||
*[[Bladder cancer|Malignancies of the bladder]] | |||
*[[Malignant hypertension]] | |||
*[[RCC|Malignant renal mass]] | |||
*[[Haemoglobinuria|March haemoglobinuria]] | |||
*[[Masturbation]] | |||
*[[Meatal stenosis]] | |||
*[[Medullary sponge kidney]] | |||
*[[Megaureter]] | |||
*[[Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis]] | |||
*[[Glomerulonephritis|Mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis type iii]] | |||
*[[Micafungin]] | |||
*[[Microscopic polyangiitis]] | |||
*[[Multiple myeloma]] | |||
*[[Nephrocalcinosis]] | |||
*[[Nephrolithiasis]] | |||
*[[Nutcracker syndrome]] | |||
*[[Oncocytoma]] | |||
*[[Osler's Disease]] | |||
*[[Oxaprozin]] | |||
*[[Oxcarbazepine]] | |||
*[[Papillary necrosis]] | |||
*[[Paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria]] | |||
*[[Pelvic fracture]] | |||
*[[Phenprocoumon]] | |||
*[[Plasmodium]] | |||
*[[Polyarteritis nodosa]] | |||
*[[Polycystic kidney disease]] | |||
*[[Polycythemia vera]] | |||
*[[Porphyria]] | |||
*[[Postinfectious glomerulonephritis]] | |||
*[[Urinary bladder|Postoperative spindle cell nodule of urinary bladder]] | |||
*[[Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis]] | |||
*[[Pramipexole]] | |||
*[[Prostate cancer|Prostate adenoma]] | |||
*[[Prostate cancer]] | |||
*[[Hyperplasia|Prostate hyperplasia]] | |||
*[[Tuberculosis|Prostate tuberculosis]] | |||
*[[Prostatectomy]] | |||
*[[Prostatic cancer]] | |||
*[[Prostatic|Prostatic procedures]]([[biopsy]], [[Transurethral resection|transurethral resection of the prostate]]) | |||
*[[Prostatitis]] | |||
*[[Pseudomonas]] | |||
*[[Pyelonephritis]] | |||
*[[Post-radiation cystitis|Radiation cystitis]] | |||
*[[Nephropathy|Radiation nephropathy]] | |||
*[[Abscess|Renal abscess]] | |||
*[[Renal adenocarcinoma]] | |||
*[[Renal angiomyolipoma]] | |||
*[[Embolism|Renal aretery embolism]] | |||
*[[Arteriovenous malformation|Renal arteriovenous malformation]] | |||
*[[Aneurysm|Renal artery aneurysm]] | |||
*[[Renal cell carcinoma]] | |||
*[[Renal cyst]] | |||
*[[Hyperplasia|Renal hyperplasia]] | |||
*[[Renal infarction]] | |||
*[[Oncocytoma|Renal oncocytoma]] | |||
*[[Trauma|Renal trauma]] | |||
*[[Tuberculosis|Renal tuberculosis]] | |||
*[[Renal vein thrombosis]] | |||
*[[Salmonella]] | |||
*[[Sarcoidosis]] | |||
*[[Schistosomiasis]] | |||
*[[Shock]] | |||
*[[Shunt nephritis]] | |||
*[[Sickle cell disease]] | |||
*[[SLE]] | |||
*[[Squamous cell carcinoma|Squamous cell carcinoma of bladder]] | |||
*[[Staphylococci]] | |||
*[[Streptococci]] | |||
*[[Thalassemia]] | |||
*[[Thin basement membrane disease]] | |||
*[[Thrombocytopathy|Thrombocytopathies]] | |||
*[[Thrombocytopenia]] | |||
*[[Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura]] | |||
*[[Tiaprofenic acid]] | |||
*[[Torulopsis]] | |||
*[[Toxoplasma]] | |||
*[[Transient|Transient unexplained]] | |||
*[[Transitional cell carcinoma|Transitional cell carcinoma of bladder]] | |||
*[[Transitional cell carcinoma|Transitional cell carcinoma of kidney]] | |||
*[[Trichinella spiralis]] | |||
*[[Tuberculosis]] | |||
*[[Tubulointerstitial nephropathies]] | |||
*[[Nephropathy|Urate nephropathy]] | |||
*[[Ureteral cancer|Ureter carcinoma]] | |||
*[[Tuberculosis|Ureter tuberculosis]] | |||
*[[Fistula|Ureteroiliac fistula]] | |||
*[[Renal stones|Ureterolithiasis]] | |||
*[[Urethral cancer|Urethral carcinoma]] | |||
*[[Carbuncle|Urethral carbuncle]] | |||
*[[Urethral catheterization]] | |||
*[[Diverticulum|Urethral diverticulum]] | |||
*[[Polyp|Urethral fibroepithelial polyp]] | |||
*[[Renal stone|Urethral stone]] | |||
*[[Urethritis]] | |||
*[[Urinary tract infection]] | |||
*[[Renal stone|Urolithiasis]] | |||
*[[Urothelium carcinoma]] | |||
*[[Stricture|Urtethral stricture]] | |||
*[[Varicella]] | |||
*[[Vasculitis]] | |||
*[[Calculi|Vesical calculi]] | |||
*[[Vesico-uretero-renal reflux, congenital|Vesico-ureteral-renal reflux]] | |||
*[[Warfarin]] | |||
*[[Wegener's granulomatosis]] | |||
*[[Wilms' tumor]] | |||
}} | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} |
Revision as of 04:02, 30 January 2017
Hematuria Microchapters |
Diagnosis |
---|
Treatment |
Case Studies |
Hematuria causes On the Web |
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Hematuria causes |
Template:Seealso Steven C. Campbell, M.D., Ph.D. Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Kiran Singh, M.D. [1] Venkata Sivakrishna Kumar Pulivarthi M.B.B.S [2]
For causes of Microscopic Hematuria, click here
Overview
Causes of hematuria can range from benign conditions such as urinary tract infection to serious conditions such as bladder cancer.[1] Extrarenal site is responsible for more than 60% of cases of hematuria. Of these, the most important underlying disease is malignancy. In the primary care population, about 5% of patients with microscopic hematuria will have a urinary tract malignancy, mainly of the bladder or prostate. The most common nonmalignant causes of extrarenal hematuria are infections, such as cystitis, prostatitis, and urethritis.Regarding renal causes of microscopic hematuria, the most common cause of isolated glomerular hematuria (without significant proteinuria) is IgA nephropathy, followed by thin basement membrane disease, hereditary nephritis (Alport syndrome), and mild focal glomerulonephritis of other causes.[2]
Causes
Life Threatening Causes
Common Causes
Children[3] | Age <50 years[4] | Age >50 years[4] |
---|---|---|
|
|
Causes by Organ System
Causes in Alphabetical Order
Causes of Microscopic Hematuria
Causes by Anatomic Location
Causes by Organ System
Causes by Alphabetical Order
References
- ↑ Rew, Karl (2010). Primary care urology. Philadelphia, Pa. London: Saunders. ISBN 978-1437724899.
- ↑ Rew, Karl (2010). Primary care urology. Philadelphia, Pa. London: Saunders. ISBN 978-1437724899.
- ↑ Amin, Nimisha; Zaritsky, Joshua J. (2011). "Hematuria": 258–261. doi:10.1016/B978-0-323-05405-8.00069-3.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 "www.surgeryjournal.co.uk".
- ↑ Young EE, Gandhi N, Stuhldreher P, Bishop JA, Wang MH (2016). "Profound Hematuria in a Toddler Yields an Unusual Diagnosis". Urol Case Rep. 6: 39–41. doi:10.1016/j.eucr.2016.02.009. PMC 4855982. PMID 27175341.