Tremor causes

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Naresh Mullaguri, M.B.B.S. [2] Kiran Singh, M.D. [3]

Overview

Tremor is generally caused by problems in parts of the brain or spinal cord that control muscles throughout the body or in particular areas, such as the hands. Neurological disorders or conditions that can produce tremor include multiple sclerosis, stroke, traumatic brain injury and neurodegenerative diseases that damage or destroy parts of the brainstem or the cerebellum. Other causes include the use of some drugs (such as amphetamines, caffeine, corticosteroids, and drugs used for certain psychiatric disorders), alcohol abuse or withdrawal, mercury poisoning, overactive thyroid or liver failure. Tremors can be an indication of hypoglycemia, along with palpitations, sweating and anxiety. Tremor can also be caused from lack of sleep, vitamins, or having too much stress. Deficiencies of magnesium and vitamin B1 have also been known to cause tremor or shaking which resolves when the deficiency is corrected. See magnesium in biology. Some forms of tremor are inherited and run in families, while others have no known cause. Tremors can also be caused by some spider bites i.e. the redback spider of Australia.

Tremor can result from other conditions as well. Alcoholism, excessive alcohol consumption, or alcohol withdrawal can kill certain nerve cells, resulting a tremor known as asterixis. Conversely, small amounts of alcohol may help to decrease familial and essential tremor, but the mechanism behind this is unknown. Tremor in peripheral neuropathy may occur when the nerves that supply the body’s muscles are traumatized by injury, disease, abnormality in the central nervous system, or as the result of systemic illnesses. Peripheral neuropathy can affect the whole body or certain areas, such as the hands, and may be progressive. Resulting sensory loss may be seen as a tremor or ataxia (inability to coordinate voluntary muscle movement) of the affected limbs and problems with gait and balance. Clinical characteristics may be similar to those seen in patients with essential tremor.

Causes

Life Threatening Causes

Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.

Common Causes

• Alcohol withdrawal
• Anxiety
• Caffeine
• Hyperthyroidism
• Hypoglycemia
• Nicotine
• Parkinson's disease

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular	Cerebrovascular accident,hypothermia,vitamin b1 deficiency
Chemical / poisoning	3-Aminopyridine, 4-aminopyridine, acetylene dichloride, acidic dry cell batteries , acrylamide, agrocide, agronexit, amidithion, amiton, aparasin, aphtiria, arsenic poisoning, athyl-gusathion, azinfos-methyl, azinfosethyl, azinphos, azinphosmetile, azothoate, ben-hex, benoxafos, benzene hexachloride, bexol, biphenyl, bromide, bromoform, bromophos, bromophos-ethyl, bromophos-ethyl , cadusafos, carbamate insecticide poisoning, carbinoxamine, carbon disulfide, carbon disulfide, carbon tetrachloride, carbophenothion, chlordane, chlordane , chlordecone, chloresene, chlorfenvinphos, chlorfenvinphos, chloromethane, chloropyrifos, chlorpyrifos methyl, cresols, cresols , cresylic acid, cyanthoate, D-phenothrin, DDD, DDT, demeton, demeton-methyl, demeton-o, demeton-S-methylsulphon, dialifos, diazinon, diborane, dichlorvos, dichlorvos , dimethoate, dimethoate, dioxathion, diquat dibromide, disulfiram, disulfiram, disulfoton, endosulfan, endothion, epichlorohydrin, ethion, ethoate-methyl, ethoprophos, ethyl mercaptan, ethyl-guthion, ethyl-guthion , ethylbenzene, ethylene dichloride, etrimfos, etrimfos , fenchlorphos, fenitrothion, fensulfothion, fenthion, fipronil, fluoridated toothpaste, fonophos, formothion, gamma-hcch, gasoline, glaze, glufosinate, glycol ether, glycol ether , heptachlor,heptenophos, hexachlorocyclohexane(gamma), Iodofenphos, lead, lindane, lithium, lithium toxicity, lobelia poisoning, malathion, manganese, mecarbam, mercury poisoning, mescal poisoning, metaldehyde, methacrifos, methamidophos, methidathion, methylene chloride, metiltriazotionmevinphos, monocrotophos, monosodium methyl arsenate, nicotine poisoning, omethoate, organophosphate insecticide poisoning, oxydeprofos, oxydisulfoton,parathion methyl, parathion, parathion , phenkapton, phenol, phorate, phosalone, phosalone , phosmet, phosphamidon, phosphamidon , phosphine, phoxim, phoxim , pirimiphos-methyl, primiphos methyl, prothidathion, prothoate, pyrethrin, pyrimitate, quinalphos, quintiofos, RDX, rotenone, sea hare poisoning, selenium poisoning, sophamide, sulfite , sulfotep, sulfuryl fluoride, terbufos, tetrachloroethane, thallium, thallium sulfate, thiometon, tolclofos methyl, toxaphene, triazophos, triazotion, trichloroethylene, trifenfos, tubatoxin poisoning, vamidothion, Xylene
Dermatologic	Chediak-Higashi disease
Drug Side Effect	Amiodarone, amphetamine, artemether and lumefantrin, black cohosh, butorphanol, cidofovir, clozapine, corticosteroids,caspofungin acetate, cyclosporin, cytomegalovirus immune globulin, dexedrine overdose, dimercaprol, disulfiram, dobutamine, dopamine, dopexamine, efavirenz, ephedrine, epinephrine, eslicarbazepine acetate, febuxostat, fluvoxamine, glipizide, glycerol phenylbutyrate,haloperidol, Isoprenaline, Isoproterenol (aerosol), Ivermectin, lenalidomide, levalbuterol, levodopa, lidocaine, lidocaine, loxapine, margosa oil, metaraminol, methoxamine, miglustat, nabilone, nalmefene, norepinephrine, orphenadrine, oxaprozin, oxcarbazepine, paroxetine, pentamidine Isethionate, peppermint oil, phentermine, phenylephrine, pilocarpine, pirbuterol, ramucirumab, reproterol, rifaximin, rizatriptan, salbutamol, sodium oxybate, sodium valproate, tacrolimus, terbutaline, thalidomide, thallous Chloride Tl 201, theophylline, tricyclic antidepressants, trifluperidol, valganciclovir hydrochloride, valproic acid, venlafaxine, vilazodone, xamoterol
Ear Nose Throat	Cockayne syndrome, spastic paraparesis deafness, wolfram syndrome,
Endocrine	Adrenal adenoma, adrenal gland hyperfunction, adrenal incidentaloma, adrenal medulla neoplasm, adrenal tumor, diabetes insipidus, diabetes mellitus, fatigue, high t4 syndrome, hyperadrenalism, hyperthyroidism, hypoglycaemia, hypomagnesemia, Kennedy's disease, pheochromocytoma, pituitary tumor adult, thyrotoxicosis, toxic multinodular goiter, Wolfram syndrome
Environmental	Hypothermia, minamata disease,
Gastroenterologic	Cirrhosis of liver, hepatic failure, hepatocerebral degeneration, liver failure, vitamin b1 deficiency, wilson's disease
Genetic	Amish nemaline myopathy, aniridia cerebellar ataxia mental deficiency, Basal ganglia calcification,idiopathic, Ceroid lipofuscinosis, neuronal 6, late infantile, Chediak-Higashi disease, Chromosome 20p,partial duplication, Cockayne syndrome, fatal familial insomnia, Friedreich ataxia, fucosidosis, holocarboxylase synthetase deficiency, Huntington's disease,Kennedy's disease, Krabbe leukodystrophy, Mental retardation x-linked, metachromatic leukodystrophy, methylmalonic acidemia with homocystinuria, neuronal 6, Neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease, Normokalemic periodic paralysis , Purine nucleoside phosphorylase deficiency, Roussy-levy syndrome, Wolfram syndrome
Hematologic	Chediak-Higashi syndrome
Iatrogenic	Neuroleptic malignant syndrome, Serotonin Syndrome, Ureterosigmoidostomy
Infectious Disease	Central nervous system protozoal infections, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, fever, meningoencephalitis, neurosyphilis, sleeping sickness (East African), sleeping sickness (West African), toxoplasmosis
Musculoskeletal / Ortho	Amish nemaline myopathy
Neurologic	Alcoholic cerebellar degeneration, Alcoholic intoxication, Alzheimer's disease, Amyloidosis, oculoleptomeningeal , Aniridia cerebellar ataxia mental deficiency, Anxiety, Basal ganglia calcification, Benign essential tremor, Bovine spongiform encephalopathy, Brain Fag syndrome, Central nervous system protozoal infections, Cerebellar degeneration, Cerebellar disease, Cerebrovascular accident, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, Dementia With Lewy Bodies, Diencephalic syndrome, Drug-induced parkinsonism, Dystonia 1, torsion, autosomal dominant, Dystonia musculorum deformans, Dystonia, Essential tremor, Fatal familial insomnia, Friedreich ataxia, Frontotemporal dementia, Huntington's Disease, Idiopathic dystonia DYT1, Parkinson's disease, Krabbe leukodystrophy, Leukoencephalopathy -- metaphyseal chondrodysplasia, Meningoencephalitis, Mental retardation, X-linked, Cabezas type, Metabolic encephalopathy, Metachromatic leukodystrophy, Multiple sclerosis, Multiple system atrophy, Myoclonic epilepsy benign, Neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease, Neurosyphilis, Normokalemic periodic paralysis, Olivopontocerebellar Atrophy, Oppenheim's dystonia, Pallidopyramidal syndrome, Parkinsonism, Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease, Pick's disease of the brain, Spastic paraparesis deafness, Spinocerebellar ataxia
Nutritional / Metabolic	Arginase deficiency, Fucosidosis, Ceroid lipofuscinosis, Holocarboxylase synthetase deficiency, Methylmalonic acidemia with homocystinuria, Motor and cognitive disorder due to sepiapterin reductase deficiency, Mucolipidosis, Purine nucleoside phosphorylase deficiency, Sialidosis, Uraemia, Vitamin B1 deficiency
Obstetric/Gynecologic	No underlying causes
Oncologic	Adrenal adenoma, Pituitary tumors, Pheochromocytoma, Adrenal incidentaloma
Opthalmologic	Optic atrophy
Overdose / Toxicity	Dexedrine, Methamphetamine, Lithium toxicity
Psychiatric	Hysteria, Anxiety, Psychogenic movement disorders
Pulmonary	Respiratory failure
Renal / Electrolyte	Hypoglycemia, Hypomagnesemia, Normokalemic periodic paralysis
Rheum / Immune / Allergy	No underlying causes
Sexual	No underlying causes
Trauma	No underlying causes
Urologic	No underlying causes
Dental	No underlying causes
Miscellaneous	Shy-Drager syndrome, Senile, Roussy-Levy syndrome, Salvioli syndrome, Wolfram syndrome, Primary orthostatic tremor, Physiologic tremor, Lindsay-Burn syndrome, Lhermitte-McAlpine syndrome, Kennedy's disease, Hypothermia, Da Costa's syndrome, Combarros Calleja Leno syndrome, Cockayne syndrome

Causes in Alphabetical Order

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