Bladder cancer staging: Difference between revisions
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{{Bladder cancer}} | {{Bladder cancer}} | ||
{{SCC}}; {{AE}} {{SC}} | {{SCC}}; {{AE}} {{SC}} {{F.K}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Bladder cancer may be classified into several subtypes based on [[TNM system]]. | Bladder cancer may be classified into several subtypes based on [[TNM system]]. |
Latest revision as of 14:28, 29 May 2018
Bladder cancer Microchapters |
Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
Case Studies |
Bladder cancer staging On the Web |
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Bladder cancer staging |
Risk calculators and risk factors for Bladder cancer staging |
Steven C. Campbell, M.D., Ph.D.; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Shanshan Cen, M.D. [1] Farima Kahe M.D. [2]
Overview
Bladder cancer may be classified into several subtypes based on TNM system.
TNM Staging
TNM | Definition |
---|---|
Ta | Non-invasive papillary urothelial carcinoma |
N0 | No regional lymph node metastasis |
M0 | No distant metastasis |
- Stage 0is
TNM | Definition |
---|---|
Tis | Non-invasive flat urothelial carcinoma |
N0 | No regional lymph node metastasis |
M0 | No distant metastasis |
- Stage I
TNM | Definition |
---|---|
T1 | The tumor is invasive. It has grown into the lamina propria but has not grown into the muscle of the bladder wall |
N0 | No regional lymph node metastasis |
M0 | No distant metastasis |
- Stage II
TNM | Definition |
---|---|
T2a | The tumor has grown into the inner half of the muscle of the bladder wall |
N0 | No regional lymph node metastasis |
M0 | No distant metastasis |
TNM | Definition |
---|---|
T2b | The tumor has grown into the outer half of the muscle of the bladder wall |
N0 | No regional lymph node metastasis |
M0 | No distant metastasis |
- Stage III
TNM | Definition |
---|---|
T3a | The tumor has grown into the fatty tissue around the bladder but can only be seen through a microscope |
N0 | No regional lymph node metastasis |
M0 | No distant metastasis |
TNM | Definition |
---|---|
T3b | The tumor has grown into the fatty tissue around the bladder and can be seen on imaging tests or be felt by the surgeon |
N0 | No regional lymph node metastasis |
M0 | No distant metastasis |
TNM | Definition |
---|---|
T4a | The tumor has grown into the prostate, seminal vesicles, uterus or vagina |
N0 | No regional lymph node metastasis |
M0 | No distant metastasis |
- Stage IV
TNM | Definition |
---|---|
T4b | The tumor has grown into the pelvic wall or the abdominal wall |
N0 | No regional lymph node metastasis |
M0 | No distant metastasis |
TNM | Definition |
---|---|
Any T | The tumor may be T1, T2, T3 or T4 |
N1, N2 or N3 | The cancer has spread to regional lymph nodes |
M0 | No distant metastasis |
TNM | Definition |
---|---|
Any T | The tumor may be T1, T2, T3 or T4 |
Any N | The cancer may have spread to one or more regional lymph nodes |
M1 | Distant metastasis |
References
- ↑ Rais-Bahrami S, Pietryga JA, Nix JW (March 2016). "Contemporary role of advanced imaging for bladder cancer staging". Urol. Oncol. 34 (3): 124–33. doi:10.1016/j.urolonc.2015.08.018. PMID 26427696.
- ↑ McKibben MJ, Woods ME (April 2015). "Preoperative imaging for staging bladder cancer". Curr Urol Rep. 16 (4): 22. doi:10.1007/s11934-015-0496-8. PMID 25724433.
- ↑ Sun M, Trinh QD (April 2015). "Diagnosis and staging of bladder cancer". Hematol. Oncol. Clin. North Am. 29 (2): 205–18, vii. doi:10.1016/j.hoc.2014.10.013. PMID 25836929.
- ↑ Bladder Cancer. Canadian Cancer Society 2015. http://www.cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-type/bladder/staging/?region=ab Accessed on October, 6 2015