MAP2K2

Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2
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PDB rendering based on 1s9i.
Available structures: 1s9i
Identifiers
Symbol(s)	MAP2K2; MAPKK2; MEK2; MKK2; PRKMK2
External IDs	OMIM: 601263 MGI: 1346867 Homologene: 48591
Gene ontology Molecular Function: • nucleotide binding • protein serine/threonine kinase activity • protein-tyrosine kinase activity • protein binding • ATP binding • transferase activity Cellular Component: • extracellular region Biological Process: • protein amino acid phosphorylation
RNA expression pattern
250px 250px More reference expression data
Orthologs
	Human	Mouse
Entrez	5605	26396
Ensembl	ENSG00000126934	ENSMUSG00000035027
Uniprot	P36507	Q3USU3
Refseq	NM_030662 (mRNA) NP_109587 (protein)	XM_987766 (mRNA) XP_992860 (protein)
Location	Chr 19: 4.04 - 4.08 Mb	Chr 10: 80.51 - 80.53 Mb
Pubmed search	[1]	[2]

Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2, also known as MAP2K2, is a human gene.

The protein encoded by this gene is a dual specificity protein kinase that belongs to the MAP kinase kinase family. This kinase is known to play a critical role in mitogen growth factor signal transduction. It phosphorylates and thus activates MAPK1/ERK2 and MAPK2/ERK3. The activation of this kinase itself is dependent on the Ser/Thr phosphorylation by MAP kinase kinase kinases. The inhibition or degradation of this kinase is found to be involved in the pathogenesis of Yersinia and anthrax.

Further reading

• Joseph AM, Kumar M, Mitra D (2005). "Nef: "necessary and enforcing factor" in HIV infection.". Curr. HIV Res. 3 (1): 87-94. PMID 15638726.
• Stove V, Verhasselt B (2006). "Modelling thymic HIV-1 Nef effects.". Curr. HIV Res. 4 (1): 57-64. PMID 16454711.
• Charest DL, Mordret G, Harder KW, et al. (1993). "Molecular cloning, expression, and characterization of the human mitogen-activated protein kinase p44erk1.". Mol. Cell. Biol. 13 (8): 4679-90. PMID 7687743.
• Dérijard B, Raingeaud J, Barrett T, et al. (1995). "Independent human MAP-kinase signal transduction pathways defined by MEK and MKK isoforms.". Science 267 (5198): 682-5. PMID 7839144.
• Alessi DR, Saito Y, Campbell DG, et al. (1994). "Identification of the sites in MAP kinase kinase-1 phosphorylated by p74raf-1.". EMBO J. 13 (7): 1610-9. PMID 8157000.
• Zheng CF, Guan KL (1993). "Properties of MEKs, the kinases that phosphorylate and activate the extracellular signal-regulated kinases.". J. Biol. Chem. 268 (32): 23933-9. PMID 8226933.
• Zheng CF, Guan KL (1993). "Cloning and characterization of two distinct human extracellular signal-regulated kinase activator kinases, MEK1 and MEK2.". J. Biol. Chem. 268 (15): 11435-9. PMID 8388392.
• Wu J, Harrison JK, Dent P, et al. (1993). "Identification and characterization of a new mammalian mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase, MKK2.". Mol. Cell. Biol. 13 (8): 4539-48. PMID 8393135.
• Moriguchi T, Gotoh Y, Nishida E (1996). "Activation of two isoforms of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase in response to epidermal growth factor and nerve growth factor.". Eur. J. Biochem. 234 (1): 32-8. PMID 8529659.
• Butch ER, Guan KL (1996). "Characterization of ERK1 activation site mutants and the effect on recognition by MEK1 and MEK2.". J. Biol. Chem. 271 (8): 4230-5. PMID 8626767.
• Papin C, Denouel A, Calothy G, Eychène A (1996). "Identification of signalling proteins interacting with B-Raf in the yeast two-hybrid system.". Oncogene 12 (10): 2213-21. PMID 8668348.
• Downey GP, Butler JR, Brumell J, et al. (1996). "Chemotactic peptide-induced activation of MEK-2, the predominant isoform in human neutrophils. Inhibition by wortmannin.". J. Biol. Chem. 271 (35): 21005-1011. PMID 8702863.
• Khoo S, Cobb MH (1997). "Activation of mitogen-activating protein kinase by glucose is not required for insulin secretion.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 94 (11): 5599-604. PMID 9159118.
• Li CJ, Ueda Y, Shi B, et al. (1997). "Tat protein induces self-perpetuating permissivity for productive HIV-1 infection.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 94 (15): 8116-20. PMID 9223324.
• Menegon A, Leoni C, Benfenati F, Valtorta F (1997). "Tat protein from HIV-1 activates MAP kinase in granular neurons and glial cells from rat cerebellum.". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 238 (3): 800-5. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1997.7393. PMID 9325171.
• Denouel-Galy A, Douville EM, Warne PH, et al. (1998). "Murine Ksr interacts with MEK and inhibits Ras-induced transformation.". Curr. Biol. 8 (1): 46-55. PMID 9427625.
• Gibellini D, Bassini A, Pierpaoli S, et al. (1998). "Extracellular HIV-1 Tat protein induces the rapid Ser133 phosphorylation and activation of CREB transcription factor in both Jurkat lymphoblastoid T cells and primary peripheral blood mononuclear cells.". J. Immunol. 160 (8): 3891-8. PMID 9558095.
• Duesbery NS, Webb CP, Leppla SH, et al. (1998). "Proteolytic inactivation of MAP-kinase-kinase by anthrax lethal factor.". Science 280 (5364): 734-7. PMID 9563949.
• Ganju RK, Munshi N, Nair BC, et al. (1998). "Human immunodeficiency virus tat modulates the Flk-1/KDR receptor, mitogen-activated protein kinases, and components of focal adhesion in Kaposi's sarcoma cells.". J. Virol. 72 (7): 6131-7. PMID 9621077.
• Tanimura S, Chatani Y, Hoshino R, et al. (1998). "Activation of the 41/43 kDa mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway is required for hepatocyte growth factor-induced cell scattering.". Oncogene 17 (1): 57-65. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1201905. PMID 9671314.