Lactic acidosis causes: Difference between revisions

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{{CMG}}
{{CMG}}
==Overview==
==Overview==
Lactic acidosis is one of the most common causes of high [[anion gap]] [[metabolic acidosis]] and is usually associated with a serum [[lactate]] levels above 4 mmol/L.  Reduced oxygen tension shunts [[glycolysis]] towards [[pyruvate]] production, which in turn leads to lactate accumulation since pyruvate can no longer undergo [[aerobic metabolism]].


==Causes==
==Causes==
===Life Threatening Causes===
===Life Threatening Causes===
Life-threatening causes include conditions which result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.
*[[Cardiac arrest]]
*[[Cardiac arrest]]
*[[Mesenteric ischemia]]
*[[Mesenteric ischemia]]
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{|style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
{|style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
|style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Cardiovascular'''
|style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Cardiovascular'''
|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" |ST Elevation [[Myocardial Infarction]] Complications , [[Shock]] , [[Heart diseases]] , [[Cardiomyopathy ]] , [[Cardiac arrest ]] , [[Beriberi Heart Disease]] , Acute [[pulmonary edema]]
|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" | [[Cardiac arrest]],  [[cardiac catheterization]],  [[cardiomyopathy]],  [[heart failure]],  [[hemorrhage]], [[hypoperfusion]], [[hypovolemia]], [[multiple organ dysfunction syndrome]], [[myocardial infarction]], [[shock]], [[ST elevation myocardial infarction complications]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Chemical/Poisoning'''
| '''Chemical/Poisoning'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Isopropyl alcohol]] , [[Ethanol]] , [[Cyanide]] intoxication , Crotalidae snake [[poisoning ]], Copperhead snake [[poisoning ]], [[Contrast medium]] , Complications During and Following [[Cardiac Catheterization]], [[Carbon monoxide poisoning ]] ,  [[Alcoholism ]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Alcoholism]], [[carbon monoxide poisoning]],  [[contrast medium]], [[cyanide poisoning]], [[ethanol]], [[intravenous pyelogram]],  [[isopropyl alcohol]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Drug Side Effect'''
| '''Drug Side Effect'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Zalcitabine]] , [[Tenofovir ]] , [[Telbivudine ]] , [[Succinyl-CoA]] synthetase deficiency , [[Stavudine]] , [[Phenformin]] , [[Paracetamol]] , [[Metformin]] , [[Linezolid]] , [[Lamivudine ]] , [[Glyburide and Metformin ]] , [[Entecavir ]] , [[Emtricitabine]] , [[Didanosine]] , [[Buformin]] , [[Biguanide]] , [[Atenolol]] , [[Ariboflavinosis]] , [[Adefovir ]] , [[Abacavir]] , [[Abacavir]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Abacavir]], [[adefovir]], [[atenolol]], [[biguanide]], [[buformin]], [[didanosine]], [[emtricitabine]], [[entecavir]], [[Glyburide and Metformin]], [[lamivudine]], [[Linagliptin and Metformin hydrochloride]],  [[linezolid]],  [[metformin]],  [[paracetamol]],  [[phenformin]], [[Repaglinide and Metformin hydrochloride]],   [[Reye's syndrome]], [[salicylate intoxication]], [[Saxagliptin hydrochloride and Metformin hydrochloride]], [[stavudine]], [[strychnine]], [[telbivudine]], [[tenofovir]], [[zalcitabine]], [[Zidovudine]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Ear Nose Throat'''
| '''Ear Nose Throat'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-  
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Endocrine'''
| '''Endocrine'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Pheochromocytoma ]] , [[Latent autoimmune diabetes]] , [[Hypoglycemia]] , [[Diabetic nephropathy]] , [[Diabetes mellitus]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Diabetic nephropathy]], [[hypoglycemia]], [[latent autoimmune diabetes]], [[metabolic syndrome]]
|-
|-  
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Environmental'''
| '''Environmental'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Smoke inhalation ]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Gastroenterologic'''
| '''Gastroenterologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Short bowel syndrome]] , [[Mesenteric ischemia]] , [[Liver disease]] , [[Intestinal ischaemia]] , [[Hepatic failure]] , [[Bacterial]] overgrowth of [[small intestine]] , [[Acute liver failure]]  
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Acute liver failure]], [[intestinal ischemia]], [[liver failure]], [[mesenteric ischemia]], [[short bowel syndrome]], [[small bowel bacterial overgrowth]]
 
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Genetic'''
| '''Genetic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|Type I [[Glycogen Storage Disease ]], Type 1 [[glycogen storage disease ]], SCHAD deficiency , [[Pyruvate dehydrogenase]] phosphatase deficiency , [[Pyruvate dehydrogenase]] deficiency, [[Pyruvate decarboxylase]] deficiency, [[Pyruvate carboxylase]] deficiency, Pyridoxine-5'-phosphate oxidase deficiency, Myopathy with deficiency of [[succinate dehydrogenase]] and aconitase, [[Mitochondrial]] genome inherited conditions, [[Mitochondrial]] encephalomyopathy -- aminoacidopathy , [[Mitochondrial ]]DNA depletion syndrome , [[Mitochondrial]] aspartyl-tRNA synthetase deficiency , Medium and long chan 3-hydroxyacyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency , [[Malonyl-CoA]] decarboxylase deficiency, [[Malonyl-CoA]] decarboxylase deficiency , [[Malignant hyperpyrexia]], Hydroxyacyl-coa dehydrogenase type 2 deficiency , Holocarboxylase synthase deficiency , GRACILE syndrome ,[[Glycogenosis]] type 1b, [[Glycogenosis]] type 1a, [[Glycogen Storage Disease]] Type I , [[Glycogen storage disease]] type 1D , [[Glycogen storage disease]] type 1C , Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase deficiency, , Fructose-1,6-diphosphatase deficiency, Fructose-1-phosphate aldolase deficiency, [[Fructose]] intolerance, [[Dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase]] deficiency, Decreased activity of [[pyruvate dehydrogenase  ]], Decreased activity [[pyruvate carboxylase ]], 3-methylglutaconic aciduria, type 4  , 3-Hydroxyisobutyric aciduria, 3-Hydroxyacyl-CoA Dehydrogenase II Deficiency , 17- beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase X deficiency
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Fructose intolerance]], [[fructose-1-phosphate aldolase deficiency]], [[fructose-1,6-diphosphatase deficiency]], [[glycogen storage disease]], [[holocarboxylase synthase deficiency]], [[MELAS]], [[MERRF]], [[mitochondrial myopathy]], [[pyruvate carboxylase deficiency]], [[pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency]],  [[von Gierke disease]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Hematologic'''
| '''Hematologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Burkitt's lymphoma]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Anemia]], [[Burkitt's lymphoma]],  [[leukemia]],  [[non Hodgkin's lymphoma]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Iatrogenic'''
| '''Iatrogenic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Cardiac catheterization]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Infectious Disease'''
| '''Infectious Disease'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Sepsis]] , [[Acquired immune deficiency syndrome  ]]  
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Acquired immune deficiency syndrome]], [[sepsis]], [[small bowel bacterial overgrowth]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Neurologic'''
| '''Neurologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|Subacute necrotising encephalomyelopathy , [[Grand mal seizure ]] , [[Ethylmalonic encephalopathy]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Ethylmalonic encephalopathy]], [[grand mal seizure]], [[seizures]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Nutritional/Metabolic'''
| '''Nutritional/Metabolic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Von Gierke Disease ]] , [[Mitochondrial]] toxicity , [[Mitochondrial]] neurogastrointestinal encephalopathy syndrome , [[Mitochondrial myopathy]] , Impaired [[pyruvate]] utilization , [[Coenzyme Q10]] deficiency  
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Ariboflavinosis]], [[beriberi heart disease]], [[fructose intolerance]], [[fructose-1-phosphate aldolase deficiency]], [[fructose-1,6-diphosphatase deficiency]], [[pyruvate carboxylase deficiency]], [[pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency]],  [[thiamine deficiency]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Obstetric/Gynecologic'''
| '''Obstetric/Gynecologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Fetal distress]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Fetal distress]],  [[oligohydramnios]],
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Oncologic'''
| '''Oncologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Non Hodgkin's lymphoma]] , [[Malignancy ]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Burkitt's lymphoma]],  [[cancer]],  [[leukemia]],  [[non Hodgkin's lymphoma]], [[pheochromocytoma]],
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Pulmonary'''
| '''Pulmonary'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|Severe[[ hypoxemia]] (PO2 <25 to 30 mmHg) , Severe [[asthma ]] , [[Respiratory failure]] , Lung disease - reduced oxygen intake , [[Hypoxia]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Asthma]], [[hypercapnia]], [[hypoxia]], [[pulmonary edema]], [[respiratory failure]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Renal/Electrolyte'''
| '''Renal/Electrolyte'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|Renal failure , [[Hemofiltration]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Diabetic nephropathy]],  [[hemofiltration]], [[renal failure]]  
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy'''
| '''Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Latent autoimmune diabetes]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Miscellaneous'''
| '''Miscellaneous'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|Succinic [[acidemia ]] , [[Strychnine]] , Severe [[exercise ]] , [[Reye's syndrome]] , Reduced [[oxygen]] utilization , Multiple organ dysfunction , Marked [[acidemia ]] , [[Intravenous pyelogram]] , [[Idiopathic]] , [[Hypothermic]] shivering , [[Hypoperfusion]] , [[Haemorrhage]] , Finnish lethal neonatal metabolic syndrome , Decreased [[oxygen]] delivery , Cuffed [[blood]] sample, [[Chronic fatigue syndrome]] , [[MERRF]] , [[MELAS]]
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Chronic fatigue syndrome]], [[coenzyme Q10|coenzyme q10 deficiency]], [[exercise]], [[glycogen storage disease]], [[hypothermia]],  [[idiopathic]], [[malignant hyperpyrexia]],  [[mitochondrial toxicity]],  [[smoke inhalation]]
|-
|-
|}
|}
<font color="white">Causes by Organ System developed by WikiDoc.org, Copyleft 2013</font>


===Causes in Alphabetical Order===
===Causes in Alphabetical Order===
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*[[Asthma]]
*[[Asthma]]
*[[Atenolol]]
*[[Atenolol]]
*[[Bacterial overgrowth|Bacterial overgrowth of small intestine]]
*[[Beriberi heart disease]]
*[[Beriberi Heart Disease]]
*[[Biguanide]]
*[[Biguanide]]
*[[Buformin]]
*[[Buformin]]
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*[[Carbon monoxide poisoning]]
*[[Carbon monoxide poisoning]]
*[[Cardiac arrest]]
*[[Cardiac arrest]]
*[[Cardiac Catheterization]]
*[[Cardiac catheterization]]
*[[Cardiomyopathy ]]
*[[Cardiomyopathy ]]
*[[Chronic fatigue syndrome]]
*[[Chronic fatigue syndrome]]
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*[[Diabetic nephropathy]]
*[[Diabetic nephropathy]]
*[[Didanosine]]
*[[Didanosine]]
*[[Emtricitabine]]
*[[Entecavir]]
*[[Entecavir]]
*[[Ethanol]]
*[[Ethanol]]
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*[[Exercise]]
*[[Exercise]]
*[[Fetal distress]]
*[[Fetal distress]]
*[[Fructose intolerance]]
{{col-break|width=33%}}
{{col-break|width=33%}}
*[[Fructose intolerance]]
*[[Fructose-1-phosphate aldolase deficiency]]
*[[Fructose-1-phosphate aldolase deficiency]]
*[[Fructose-1,6-diphosphatase deficiency]]
*[[Fructose-1,6-diphosphatase deficiency]]
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*[[Mesenteric ischemia]]
*[[Mesenteric ischemia]]
*[[Metabolic syndrome]]
*[[Metabolic syndrome]]
*[[Metformin]]
{{col-break|width=33%}}
{{col-break|width=33%}}
*[[Metformin]]
*[[Mitochondrial myopathy]]
*[[Mitochondrial myopathy]]
*[[Mitochondrial toxicity]]
*[[Mitochondrial toxicity]]
*[[Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome]]
*[[Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome]]
*[[Myocardial Infarction]]
*[[Myocardial infarction]]
*[[Non Hodgkin's lymphoma]]
*[[Non Hodgkin's lymphoma]]
*[[Oligohydramnios]]
*[[Oligohydramnios]]
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*[[Shock]]
*[[Shock]]
*[[Short bowel syndrome]]
*[[Short bowel syndrome]]
*[[Small bowel bacterial overgrowth syndrome]]
*[[Smoke inhalation]]
*[[Smoke inhalation]]
*[[ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction Complications]]
*[[ST elevation myocardial infarction complications]]
*[[Stavudine]]
*[[Stavudine]]
*[[Stribild]]
*[[Strychnine]]
*[[Strychnine]]
*[[Telbivudine]]
*[[Telbivudine]]
*[[Tenofovir]]
*[[Tenofovir]]
*[[thiamine deficiency]]
*[[Thiamine deficiency]]
*[[Tumors]]
*[[Tumors]]
*[[Von Gierke Disease]]
*[[Von Gierke disease]]
*[[Zalcitabine]]
*[[Zalcitabine]]
*[[Zidovudine]]
{{col-end}}
{{col-end}}


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
{{Reflist|2}}
 
[[Category:Crowdiagnosis]]
[[Category:Electrolyte disturbance]]
[[Category:Electrolyte disturbance]]
[[Category:Medical emergencies]]
[[Category:Medical emergencies]]

Latest revision as of 22:41, 8 December 2014

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Lactic acidosis is one of the most common causes of high anion gap metabolic acidosis and is usually associated with a serum lactate levels above 4 mmol/L. Reduced oxygen tension shunts glycolysis towards pyruvate production, which in turn leads to lactate accumulation since pyruvate can no longer undergo aerobic metabolism.

Causes

Life Threatening Causes

Life-threatening causes include conditions which result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.

Common Causes

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular Cardiac arrest, cardiac catheterization, cardiomyopathy, heart failure, hemorrhage, hypoperfusion, hypovolemia, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, myocardial infarction, shock, ST elevation myocardial infarction complications
Chemical/Poisoning Alcoholism, carbon monoxide poisoning, contrast medium, cyanide poisoning, ethanol, intravenous pyelogram, isopropyl alcohol
Dental No underlying causes
Dermatologic No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect Abacavir, adefovir, atenolol, biguanide, buformin, didanosine, emtricitabine, entecavir, Glyburide and Metformin, lamivudine, Linagliptin and Metformin hydrochloride, linezolid, metformin, paracetamol, phenformin, Repaglinide and Metformin hydrochloride, Reye's syndrome, salicylate intoxication, Saxagliptin hydrochloride and Metformin hydrochloride, stavudine, strychnine, telbivudine, tenofovir, zalcitabine, Zidovudine
Ear Nose Throat No underlying causes
Endocrine Diabetic nephropathy, hypoglycemia, latent autoimmune diabetes, metabolic syndrome
Environmental No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic Acute liver failure, intestinal ischemia, liver failure, mesenteric ischemia, short bowel syndrome, small bowel bacterial overgrowth
Genetic Fructose intolerance, fructose-1-phosphate aldolase deficiency, fructose-1,6-diphosphatase deficiency, glycogen storage disease, holocarboxylase synthase deficiency, MELAS, MERRF, mitochondrial myopathy, pyruvate carboxylase deficiency, pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency, von Gierke disease
Hematologic Anemia, Burkitt's lymphoma, leukemia, non Hodgkin's lymphoma
Iatrogenic Cardiac catheterization
Infectious Disease Acquired immune deficiency syndrome, sepsis, small bowel bacterial overgrowth
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic No underlying causes
Neurologic Ethylmalonic encephalopathy, grand mal seizure, seizures
Nutritional/Metabolic Ariboflavinosis, beriberi heart disease, fructose intolerance, fructose-1-phosphate aldolase deficiency, fructose-1,6-diphosphatase deficiency, pyruvate carboxylase deficiency, pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency, thiamine deficiency
Obstetric/Gynecologic Fetal distress, oligohydramnios,
Oncologic Burkitt's lymphoma, cancer, leukemia, non Hodgkin's lymphoma, pheochromocytoma,
Ophthalmologic No underlying causes
Overdose/Toxicity No underlying causes
Psychiatric No underlying causes
Pulmonary Asthma, hypercapnia, hypoxia, pulmonary edema, respiratory failure
Renal/Electrolyte Diabetic nephropathy, hemofiltration, renal failure
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy Latent autoimmune diabetes
Sexual No underlying causes
Trauma No underlying causes
Urologic No underlying causes
Miscellaneous Chronic fatigue syndrome, coenzyme q10 deficiency, exercise, glycogen storage disease, hypothermia, idiopathic, malignant hyperpyrexia, mitochondrial toxicity, smoke inhalation

Causes by Organ System developed by WikiDoc.org, Copyleft 2013

Causes in Alphabetical Order

References


Template:WikiDoc Sources

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