Lactic acidosis causes

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Lactic acidosis is one of the most common causes of high anion gap metabolic acidosis and is usually associated with a serum lactate levels above 4 mmol/L. Reduced oxygen tension shunts glycolysis towards pyruvate production, which in turn leads to lactate accumulation since pyruvate can no longer undergo aerobic metabolism.

Causes

Life Threatening Causes

Life-threatening causes include conditions which result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.

Common Causes

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular Cardiac arrest, cardiac catheterization, cardiomyopathy, heart failure, hemorrhage, hypoperfusion, hypovolemia, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, myocardial infarction, shock, ST elevation myocardial infarction complications
Chemical/Poisoning Alcoholism, carbon monoxide poisoning, contrast medium, cyanide poisoning, ethanol, intravenous pyelogram, isopropyl alcohol
Dental No underlying causes
Dermatologic No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect Abacavir, adefovir, atenolol, biguanide, buformin, didanosine, emtricitabine, entecavir, Glyburide and Metformin, lamivudine, Linagliptin and Metformin hydrochloride, linezolid, metformin, paracetamol, phenformin, Repaglinide and Metformin hydrochloride, Reye's syndrome, salicylate intoxication, Saxagliptin hydrochloride and Metformin hydrochloride, stavudine, strychnine, telbivudine, tenofovir, zalcitabine, Zidovudine
Ear Nose Throat No underlying causes
Endocrine Diabetic nephropathy, hypoglycemia, latent autoimmune diabetes, metabolic syndrome
Environmental No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic Acute liver failure, intestinal ischemia, liver failure, mesenteric ischemia, short bowel syndrome, small bowel bacterial overgrowth
Genetic Fructose intolerance, fructose-1-phosphate aldolase deficiency, fructose-1,6-diphosphatase deficiency, glycogen storage disease, holocarboxylase synthase deficiency, MELAS, MERRF, mitochondrial myopathy, pyruvate carboxylase deficiency, pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency, von Gierke disease
Hematologic Anemia, Burkitt's lymphoma, leukemia, non Hodgkin's lymphoma
Iatrogenic Cardiac catheterization
Infectious Disease Acquired immune deficiency syndrome, sepsis, small bowel bacterial overgrowth
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic No underlying causes
Neurologic Ethylmalonic encephalopathy, grand mal seizure, seizures
Nutritional/Metabolic Ariboflavinosis, beriberi heart disease, fructose intolerance, fructose-1-phosphate aldolase deficiency, fructose-1,6-diphosphatase deficiency, pyruvate carboxylase deficiency, pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency, thiamine deficiency
Obstetric/Gynecologic Fetal distress, oligohydramnios,
Oncologic Burkitt's lymphoma, cancer, leukemia, non Hodgkin's lymphoma, pheochromocytoma,
Ophthalmologic No underlying causes
Overdose/Toxicity No underlying causes
Psychiatric No underlying causes
Pulmonary Asthma, hypercapnia, hypoxia, pulmonary edema, respiratory failure
Renal/Electrolyte Diabetic nephropathy, hemofiltration, renal failure
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy Latent autoimmune diabetes
Sexual No underlying causes
Trauma No underlying causes
Urologic No underlying causes
Miscellaneous Chronic fatigue syndrome, coenzyme q10 deficiency, exercise, glycogen storage disease, hypothermia, idiopathic, malignant hyperpyrexia, mitochondrial toxicity, smoke inhalation

Causes by Organ System developed by WikiDoc.org, Copyleft 2013

Causes in Alphabetical Order

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