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== Function ==
== Function ==


This gene is a member of the Jumonji domain 2 (JMJD2) family and encodes a protein with one JmjC domain, one JmjN domain, two PHD-type zinc fingers, and two [[Tudor domain]]s. This nuclear protein belongs to the [[2-oxoglutarate (2OG)-dependent dioxygenases | 2-oxoglutarate (2OG)-dependent dioxygenase]] superfamily. It functions as a trimethylation-specific demethylase, converting specific trimethylated histone residues to the dimethylated form. Chromosomal aberrations and increased transcriptional expression of this gene are associated with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.<ref name="entrez" />
This gene is a member of the Jumonji domain 2 (JMJD2) family and encodes a protein with one JmjC domain, one JmjN domain, two PHD-type zinc fingers, and two [[Tudor domain]]s. This nuclear protein belongs to the [[alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent hydroxylase]] superfamily. It functions as a trimethylation-specific [[demethylase]], converting specific trimethylated histone residues to the dimethylated form. Chromosomal aberrations and increased transcriptional expression of this gene are associated with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.<ref name="entrez" /> A expressional decrease of KDM4C was found during cardiac differentation of murine embryonic stem cells.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Boeckel|first=Jes-Niels|last2=Derlet|first2=Anja|last3=Glaser|first3=Simone F.|last4=Luczak|first4=Annika|last5=Lucas|first5=Tina|last6=Heumüller|first6=Andreas W.|last7=Krüger|first7=Marcus|last8=Zehendner|first8=Christoph M.|last9=Kaluza|first9=David|date=July 2016|title=JMJD8 Regulates Angiogenic Sprouting and Cellular Metabolism by Interacting With Pyruvate Kinase M2 in Endothelial Cells|journal=Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology|volume=36|issue=7|pages=1425–1433|doi=10.1161/ATVBAHA.116.307695|issn=1524-4636|pmid=27199445}}</ref>


== Model organisms ==
== Model organisms ==

Revision as of 15:07, 18 May 2018

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Identifiers
Aliases
External IDsGeneCards: [1]
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez
Ensembl
UniProt
RefSeq (mRNA)

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RefSeq (protein)

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Location (UCSC)n/an/a
PubMed searchn/an/a
Wikidata
View/Edit Human

Lysine-specific demethylase 4C is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the KDM4C gene.[1][2][3]

Function

This gene is a member of the Jumonji domain 2 (JMJD2) family and encodes a protein with one JmjC domain, one JmjN domain, two PHD-type zinc fingers, and two Tudor domains. This nuclear protein belongs to the alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent hydroxylase superfamily. It functions as a trimethylation-specific demethylase, converting specific trimethylated histone residues to the dimethylated form. Chromosomal aberrations and increased transcriptional expression of this gene are associated with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.[3] A expressional decrease of KDM4C was found during cardiac differentation of murine embryonic stem cells.[4]

Model organisms

Model organisms have been used in the study of KDM4C function. A conditional knockout mouse line, called Kdm4ctm1a(KOMP)Wtsi[10][11] was generated as part of the International Knockout Mouse Consortium program — a high-throughput mutagenesis project to generate and distribute animal models of disease to interested scientists.[12][13][14]

Male and female animals underwent a standardized phenotypic screen to determine the effects of deletion.[8][15] Twenty five tests were carried out on mutant mice and two significant abnormalities were observed.[8] Homozygous mutant males had decreased haematocrit and haemoglobin levels, while animals of both sex displayed an increase in sebaceous gland size.[8]

References

  1. Nagase T, Ishikawa K, Suyama M, Kikuno R, Miyajima N, Tanaka A, Kotani H, Nomura N, Ohara O (Oct 1998). "Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. XI. The complete sequences of 100 new cDNA clones from brain which code for large proteins in vitro". DNA Research. 5 (5): 277–86. doi:10.1093/dnares/5.5.277. PMID 9872452.
  2. Katoh M, Katoh M (Jun 2004). "Identification and characterization of JMJD2 family genes in silico". International Journal of Oncology. 24 (6): 1623–8. doi:10.3892/ijo.25.3.759. PMID 15138608.
  3. 3.0 3.1 "Entrez Gene: JMJD2C jumonji domain containing 2C".
  4. Boeckel, Jes-Niels; Derlet, Anja; Glaser, Simone F.; Luczak, Annika; Lucas, Tina; Heumüller, Andreas W.; Krüger, Marcus; Zehendner, Christoph M.; Kaluza, David (July 2016). "JMJD8 Regulates Angiogenic Sprouting and Cellular Metabolism by Interacting With Pyruvate Kinase M2 in Endothelial Cells". Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. 36 (7): 1425–1433. doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.116.307695. ISSN 1524-4636. PMID 27199445.
  5. "Haematology data for Kdm4c". Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute.
  6. "Salmonella infection data for Kdm4c". Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute.
  7. "Citrobacter infection data for Kdm4c". Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute.
  8. 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 Gerdin AK (2010). "The Sanger Mouse Genetics Programme: High throughput characterisation of knockout mice". Acta Ophthalmologica. 88: 925–7. doi:10.1111/j.1755-3768.2010.4142.x.
  9. Mouse Resources Portal, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute.
  10. "International Knockout Mouse Consortium".
  11. "Mouse Genome Informatics".
  12. Skarnes WC, Rosen B, West AP, Koutsourakis M, Bushell W, Iyer V, Mujica AO, Thomas M, Harrow J, Cox T, Jackson D, Severin J, Biggs P, Fu J, Nefedov M, de Jong PJ, Stewart AF, Bradley A (Jun 2011). "A conditional knockout resource for the genome-wide study of mouse gene function". Nature. 474 (7351): 337–42. doi:10.1038/nature10163. PMC 3572410. PMID 21677750.
  13. Dolgin E (Jun 2011). "Mouse library set to be knockout". Nature. 474 (7351): 262–3. doi:10.1038/474262a. PMID 21677718.
  14. Collins FS, Rossant J, Wurst W (Jan 2007). "A mouse for all reasons". Cell. 128 (1): 9–13. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2006.12.018. PMID 17218247.
  15. van der Weyden L, White JK, Adams DJ, Logan DW (2011). "The mouse genetics toolkit: revealing function and mechanism". Genome Biology. 12 (6): 224. doi:10.1186/gb-2011-12-6-224. PMC 3218837. PMID 21722353.

Further reading