COVID-19-associated pericarditis

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For COVID-19 frequently asked inpatient questions, click here
For COVID-19 frequently asked outpatient questions, click here
For COVID-19 patient information, click here

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sara Zand, M.D.[2] Mounika Reddy Vadiyala, M.B.B.S.[3]

Synonyms and keywords: Novel coronavirus, COVID-19, Wuhan coronavirus, coronavirus Disease-19, coronavirus disease 2019, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, COVID-19, 2019-nCoV, 2019 novel coronavirus, cardiovascular finding in COVID-19, pericardial injury in COVID-19, pericarditis, pericarditis in COVID-19, COVID-19-associated Pericarditis, SARS-CoV2-associated pericarditis, myocardial injury in COVID-19, COVID-19 pericarditis

Overview

COVID-19 caused by the novel coronavirus, also known as SARS-CoV-2 mainly affects the lungs, causing severe acute respiratory syndrome. It has been proposed that covid-19 invades through the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors present abundantly not only in the lungs but also in the heart, endothelium, cardiomyocytes, epicardial adipose tissue adjacent to the visceral pericardium.In addition, Inflammatory cascade may prompt to cardiac manifestations in covid-19. Acute pericarditis is one of the cardiac complications of covid-19 resulting from the inflammation of pericardial sac surrounding the heart. Few cases of covid-19-associated pericarditis have been reported whether none of them were proven to be due to direct invasion of pericardium by corona virus. Reports on large pericardial effusion and cardiac tamponade are rare in covid-19. Pericarditis after vaccination of covid-19 has been reported with few incidence in elderly patients.

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Pericarditis in COVID-19 is likely caused by:

Differentiating COVID-19-associated pericarditis from other diseases

  • For further information about the differential diagnosis, click here.
  • For further information about the differential diagnosis of COVID-19, click here.

Epidemiology and Demographics

Age

Gender

Race

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Symptoms

Symptoms of pericarditis in COVID-19 may include the following:

Physical Examination

Physical examination may be remarkable for:

Laboratory Findings

Inflammatory biomarkers

Cardiac biomarkers

Electrocardiogram

Imaging

Chest X-ray

Echocardiography

For echocardiography findings in pericarditis in general, click here.

CT scan

Cardiac magnetic resonance

Pericardial fluid analysis

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Surgery

Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

References

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