Bradycardia causes: Difference between revisions

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===Causes of Bradycardia By Organ System===
{|style="width:70%; height:100px" border="1"
|style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Cardiovascular'''
|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" |
[[Atrioventricular Block]],
[[Cardiac arrhythmia]],
[[Cardiac Dysrhythmias]],
[[Cardiomegaly]],
[[Right Bundle Branch Block]],
[[Second Degree AV Block]],
[[ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction Complications]],
[[Sinoatrial Block]],
[[Pulseless ventricular tachycardia]],
[[Sick sinus syndrome]],
[[Cardiomyopathy]],
[[Distichiasis - heart and vasculature anomalies - sinus bradycardia]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Chemical / poisoning'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Carbamate]],
[[Opioid poisoning]],
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Dermatologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Drug Side Effect'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|
[[Aceclidine]],
[[Acepromazine]],
[[Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor]],
[[Adenosine]],
[[Amiodarone]],
[[Amodiaquine]],
[[Atenolol]],
[[Barbiturates]],
[[Beta-blockers]],
[[Bupivacaine]],
[[Calcium channel blocker]],
[[Clomipramine]],
[[Clonidine]],
[[Detomidine]],
[[Digitalis]],
[[Diltiazem]],
[[Diphenhydramine]],
[[Donepezil]],
[[Doxepin]],
[[Glyceryl trinitrate ]],
[[Hydrocodone]],
[[Ibuprofen]],
[[Isosorbide dinitrate]],
[[Ivabradine]],
[[Levobetaxolol]],
[[Levobupivacaine]],
[[Lidocaine]],
[[Lithium]],
[[Medetomidine]],
[[Mefloquine]],
[[Mepivacaine]],
[[Methacholine]],
[[Methoxamine]],
[[Methyldopa]],
[[Morphine]],
[[Moxonidine]],
[[Nadolol]],
[[Nalbuphine]],
[[Nalmefene]],
[[Opioid]],
[[Oxymorphone]],
[[Phenobarbital]],
[[Phenylephrine]],
[[Phenytoin]],
[[Pilocarpine]],
[[Propafenone]],
[[Propranolol]],
[[Quinidine]],
[[Reserpine]],
[[Ropivacaine]],
[[Sulpiride]],
[[Suxamethonium chloride]],
[[Tacrine]],
[[Timolol]],
[[Trazodone]],
[[Uncaria tomentosa]],
[[Xylazine]],
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Ear Nose Throat'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Endocrine'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Hypothyroidism]],
[[Hashimoto's Thyroiditis]],
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Environmental'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|
[[Grayanotoxin]],
[[Hellebore]],
[[Hypothermia]],
[[Heat exhaustion]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Gastroenterologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Obstructive jaundice]], [[Necrotizing enterocolitis ]], [[Typhoid fever ]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Genetic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|
[[Congenital Long QT Syndrome]],
[[Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia]], [[Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy]], [[Congenital Central Hypoventilation Syndrome]],
[[Distichiasis - heart and vasculature anomalies - sinus bradycardia]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Hematologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Iatrogenic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|
[[Enema]],
[[Gastric lavage]],
[[PCI Complications: Radiocontrast toxicity]],
[[Rapid sequence induction]], [[Cardiac catheterization]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Infectious Disease'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|
[[Chagas' disease]],
[[Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome]],
[[Legionella pneumonia and Mycoplasma pneumonia]],
[[Tularaemia]],
[[Colorado tick fever]],
[[Brucellosis]],
[[Trypanosoma cruzi]],
[[Typhoid fever]],
[[Septic shock]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Musculoskeletal / Ortho'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|
[[Holt-Oram syndrome]],
[[Vertebral subluxation]],
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Neurologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|
[[Vasovagal syncope]],
[[Vagal episode]],
[[Neurogenic shock]],
[[Subarachanoid hemorrhage]],
[[Raised Intracranial pressure]],
[[Autonomic neuropathy]],
[[Cerebral hemorrhage]],
[[Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis]],
[[Cushing triad]],
[[Cushing reaction]],
[[Cushing reflex]],
[[Neurocardiogenic Syncope]],
[[Increased intracranial pressure]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Nutritional / Metabolic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|
[[Hypercalcemia]],
[[Hyperkalemia]],
[[Hypokalemia]],
[[Anorexia Nervosa]],
[[Malnutrition]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Obstetric/Gynecologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|
[[Fetal distress]],
[[Neonatal lupus erythematosus]],
[[Vasa previa]],
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Oncologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Ophthalmologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Oculocardiac reflex]], [[Distichiasis - heart and vasculature anomalies - sinus bradycardia]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Overdose / Toxicity'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|
[[Gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid]],
[[Hydroxyethyl starch]]
[[Speedball (drug)]],
[[Theobromine poisoning]],
[[Sedatives ]]
[[Cyclic antidepressant poisoning ]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Psychiatric'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Anorexia Nervosa]],
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Pulmonary'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Apnea of prematurity]], [[Asphyxia neonatorum ]], [[Pneumothorax ]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Renal / Electrolyte'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Rheum / Immune / Allergy'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Sexual'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Trauma'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Skull fracture ]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Urologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Miscellaneous'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|
[[Drowning]],
[[Mammalian diving reflex]],
|-
|}


===Causes in Alphabetical Order===
===Causes in Alphabetical Order===

Revision as of 02:07, 4 September 2013

Bradycardia Microchapters

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: M.Umer Tariq [2]

Overview

Pathologic bradycardias are caused by disorders of impulse generation (impaired automaticity at SA node), impulse conduction (heart block) or escape pacemakers and rhythms. Bradycardia can be underlain by several causes, which are best divided into cardiac and non-cardiac causes or based on the location of the abnormality. Non-cardiac causes are usually secondary, and can involve recreational drug use; endocrine disorders (hypothyroid); electrolyte imbalance (hyperkalemia); autonomic reflexes; situational factors (prolonged bed rest); infections lyme disease; medications; and autoimmunity disorders. Cardiac causes include acute or chronic ischemic heart disease, vascular heart disease, valvular heart disease, or degenerative primary electrical disease (fibrosis and calcification of the sinus node and conduction system).

Causes

Life Threatening Causes

Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.


Common Causes

Bradycardia causes developed by WikiDoc.org

Causes in Alphabetical Order


References

  1. Boujnah MR, Jaafari A, Boukhris B, Boussabah I, Thameur M (2000). "[Sinoatrial block induced by therapeutic doses of diltiazem. Report of 3 cases]". Tunis Med. 78 (12): 735–7. PMID 11155380.
  2. Malla RR, Sayami A (2007). "In hospital complications and mortality of patients of inferior wall myocardial infarction with right ventricular infarction". JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc. 46 (167): 99–102. PMID 18274563.
  3. Pagon RA, Bird TD, Dolan CR; et al. PMID 20301600. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  4. Goldstein S, Qazi QH, Fitzgerald J, Goldstein J, Friedman AP, Sawyer P (1985). "Distichiasis, congenital heart defects and mixed peripheral vascular anomalies". Am. J. Med. Genet. 20 (2): 283–94. doi:10.1002/ajmg.1320200212. PMID 3976722. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)

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