Timme syndrome: Difference between revisions

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VisualWikitext

Latest revision as of 14:53, 23 November 2015

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Endocrine diseases are disorders of the endocrine system. The branch of medicine associated with endocrine disorders is known as endocrinology.

Types of disease

Broadly speaking, endocrine disorders may be subdivided into three groups:^[1]

Endocrine gland hyposecretion (leading to hormone deficiency)
Endocrine gland hypersecretion (leading to hormone excess)
Tumours (benign or malignant) of endocrine glands

Endocrine disorders are often quite complex, involving a mixed picture of hyposecretion and hypersecretion because of the feedback mechanisms involved in the endocrine system. For example, most forms of hyperthyroidism are associated with an excess of thyroid hormone and a low level of thyroid stimulating hormone.^[2]

List of diseases

Adrenal disorders

Adrenal insufficiency
- Addison's disease
- Mineralocorticoid deficiency
  - Diabetes

Adrenal hormone excess

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (adrenogenital syndrome)
Adrenocortical carcinoma

Glucose homeostasis disorders

Diabetes mellitus

Hypoglycemia
- Idiopathic hypoglycemia
- Insulinoma

Glucagonoma

Thyroid disorders

Calcium homeostasis disorders and Metabolic bone disease

Parathyroid gland disorders

Osteoporosis
Osteitis deformans (Paget's disease of bone)
Rickets and osteomalacia

Pituitary gland disorders

Menstrual function or fertility disorders
- Amenorrhea
- Polycystic ovary syndrome

Tumours of the endocrine glands not mentioned elsewhere

Multiple endocrine neoplasia

Carcinoid syndrome

Endocrine emergencies

In endocrinology, medical emergencies include diabetic ketoacidosis, hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state, hypoglycemic coma, acute adrenocortical insufficiency, phaeochromocytoma crisis, hypercalcemic crisis, thyroid storm, myxoedema coma and pituitary apoplexy.^[3]

References

↑ "Endocrine Disorders". webmd.
↑ "Diagnosing Hyperthyroidism: Overactivity of the Thyroid Gland". endocrineweb.
↑ Savage, M W; P Mah; A Weetman; J Newell-Price (1 September 2004). "Endocrine emergencies". Postgraduate Medical Journal. 80 (947): 506–515. doi:10.1136/pgmj.2003.013474.

External links

Endocrine+system+diseases at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
Template:MedlinePlusOverview
Overview at Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy
Endotext

Template:Medical conditions

[1] "Endocrine Disorders". webmd.

[2] "Diagnosing Hyperthyroidism: Overactivity of the Thyroid Gland". endocrineweb.

[3] Savage, M W; P Mah; A Weetman; J Newell-Price (1 September 2004). "Endocrine emergencies". Postgraduate Medical Journal. 80 (947): 506–515. doi:10.1136/pgmj.2003.013474.

[1]

[2]

[3]

@@ Line 116: / Line 116: @@
 ==Endocrine emergencies==
 In endocrinology, medical emergencies include [[diabetic ketoacidosis]], [[hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state]], [[hypoglycemia|hypoglycemic coma]], [[adrenal insufficiency|acute adrenocortical insufficiency]], [[phaeochromocytoma]] crisis, [[hypercalcemic crisis]], [[thyroid storm]], [[myxoedema coma]] and [[pituitary apoplexy]].<ref>{{cite journal|last=Savage|first=M W|author2=P Mah |author3=A Weetman |author4=J Newell-Price |title=Endocrine emergencies|journal=Postgraduate Medical Journal|date=1 September 2004|volume=80|issue=947|pages=506–515|doi=10.1136/pgmj.2003.013474}}</ref>
-Emergencies arising from decompensated [[pheochromocytoma]]s or [[parathyroid]] adenomas are sometimes referred for emergency resection when aggressive medical therapies fail to control the patient's state, however the surgical risks are significant, especially blood pressure lability and the possibility of cardiovascular collapse after resection (due to a brutal drop in respectively catecholamines and calcium, which must be compensated with gradual normalization).<ref>{{cite journal|last=Brouwers|first=FM|author2=Eisenhofer, G |author3=Lenders, JW |author4= Pacak, K |title=Emergencies caused by pheochromocytoma, neuroblastoma, or ganglioneuroma.|journal=Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America|date=December 2006|volume=35|issue=4|pages=699–724, viii|pmid=17127142|url=http://jcem.endojournals.org/content/98/2/581.short|doi=10.1016/j.ecl.2006.09.014}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last=Tahim|first=AS|author2=Saunders, J |author3=Sinha, P |title=A parathyroid adenoma: benign disease presenting with hyperparathyroid crisis.|journal=Case reports in medicine|year=2010|pages=596185|pmid=21209735|url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3014839/|accessdate=23 February 2013|doi=10.1155/2010/596185|pmc=3014839|volume=2010}}</ref> It remains debated when emergency surgery is appropriate as opposed to urgent or elective surgery after continued attempts to stabilize the patient, notably in view of newer and more efficient medications and protocols.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Newell|first=KA|author2=Prinz, RA |author3=Pickleman, J |author4=Braithwaite, S |author5=Brooks, M |author6=Karson, TH |author7= Glisson, S |title=Pheochromocytoma multisystem crisis. A surgical emergency.|journal=Archives of surgery (Chicago, Ill. : 1960)|date=August 1988|volume=123|issue=8|pages=956–9|pmid=2899426|accessdate=23 February 2013|doi=10.1001/archsurg.1988.01400320042007}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last=Scholten|first=A.|author2=Cisco, R. M. |author3=Vriens, M. R. |author4=Cohen, J. K. |author5=Mitmaker, E. J. |author6=Liu, C. |author7=Tyrrell, J. B. |author8=Shen, W. T. |author9= Duh, Q.-Y.  |title=Pheochromocytoma Crisis Is Not a Surgical Emergency|journal=Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism|date=2 January 2013|volume=98|issue=2|pages=581–591|doi=10.1210/jc.2012-3020|pmid=23284003|accessdate=23 February 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last=Phitayakorn|first=R|author2=McHenry, CR|title=Hyperparathyroid crisis: use of bisphosphonates as a bridge to parathyroidectomy.|journal=Journal of the American College of Surgeons|date=June 2008|volume=206|issue=3|pages=1106–15|pmid=18501807|accessdate=23 February 2013|doi=10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2007.11.010}}</ref>
 ==See also==

v t e Endocrine pathology: endocrine diseases (E00-35, 240-259)
Thyroid	Hypothyroidism (Iodine deficiency, Cretinism, Congenital hypothyroidism, Goitre, Myxedema) - Hyperthyroidism (Graves disease, Toxic multinodular goitre, Teratoma with thyroid tissue or Struma ovarii) - Thyroiditis (De Quervain's thyroiditis, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, Riedel's thyroiditis) - Euthyroid sick syndrome
Pancreas	Diabetes mellitus (type 1, type 2, coma, angiopathy, ketoacidosis, nephropathy, neuropathy, retinopathy) - Hypoglycemia - Hyperinsulinism - Zollinger-Ellison syndrome - insulin receptor (Rabson-Mendenhall syndrome)
Parathyroid	Hypoparathyroidism (Pseudohypoparathyroidism) - Hyperparathyroidism (Primary, Secondary, Tertiary)
Pituitary	Hyperpituitarism (Acromegaly, Hyperprolactinaemia, SIADH) - Hypopituitarism (Simmonds' disease / Sheehan's syndrome, Kallmann syndrome, Growth hormone deficiency, Diabetes insipidus) - Adiposogenital dystrophy - Empty sella syndrome - Hypophysitis
Adrenal	Cushing's syndrome (Nelson's syndrome, Pseudo-Cushing's syndrome) - CAH (Lipoid, 3β, 11β, 17α, 21α) - Hyperaldosteronism (Conn syndrome, Bartter syndrome) - Adrenal insufficiency (Addison's disease) - Hypoaldosteronism
Gonads	Ovarian dysfunction (Polycystic ovary syndrome, Premature ovarian failure) - Testicular dysfunction (5-alpha-reductase deficiency) - Testosterone biosynthesis (17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase deficiency) - General (Hypogonadism, Delayed puberty, Precocious puberty)
Other	Androgen insensitivity syndrome - Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome - Carcinoid syndrome - Gigantism - Short stature (Laron syndrome, Psychogenic dwarfism) - Multiple endocrine neoplasia (1, 2) - Progeria - Woodhouse-Sakati syndrome

Timme syndrome: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 14:53, 23 November 2015

Contents

Types of disease

List of diseases

Adrenal disorders

Glucose homeostasis disorders

Thyroid disorders

Calcium homeostasis disorders and Metabolic bone disease

Pituitary gland disorders

Posterior pituitary

Anterior pituitary

Sex hormone disorders

Tumours of the endocrine glands not mentioned elsewhere

See also separate organs

Endocrine emergencies

See also

References

External links

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