Appendix cancer laboratory findings: Difference between revisions
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==Laboratory Findings== | ==Laboratory Findings== | ||
*There are no [[Diagnosis|diagnostic]] [[Laboratory findings template|laboratory findings]] associated with [[appendix cancer]] | *There are no [[Diagnosis|diagnostic]] [[Laboratory findings template|laboratory findings]] associated with [[appendix cancer]]. | ||
*Some patients with colonic type [[adenocarcinoma]] may have elevated concentration of [[CEA]] and [[CA 19-9]].<ref name="pmid15334630">Carmignani CP, Hampton R, Sugarbaker CE, Chang D, Sugarbaker PH (2004) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15334630 Utility of CEA and CA 19-9 tumor markers in diagnosis and prognostic assessment of mucinous epithelial cancers of the appendix.] ''J Surg Oncol'' 87 (4):162-6. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jso.20107 DOI:10.1002/jso.20107] PMID: [https://pubmed.gov/15334630 15334630]</ref><ref name="pmid10604122">Oberg K, Janson ET, Eriksson B (1999) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=10604122 Tumour markers in neuroendocrine tumours.] ''Ital J Gastroenterol Hepatol'' 31 Suppl 2 ():S160-2. PMID: [https://pubmed.gov/10604122 10604122]</ref> | *Some patients with colonic type [[adenocarcinoma]] may have elevated concentration of [[CEA]] and [[CA 19-9]].<ref name="pmid15334630">Carmignani CP, Hampton R, Sugarbaker CE, Chang D, Sugarbaker PH (2004) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15334630 Utility of CEA and CA 19-9 tumor markers in diagnosis and prognostic assessment of mucinous epithelial cancers of the appendix.] ''J Surg Oncol'' 87 (4):162-6. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jso.20107 DOI:10.1002/jso.20107] PMID: [https://pubmed.gov/15334630 15334630]</ref><ref name="pmid10604122">Oberg K, Janson ET, Eriksson B (1999) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=10604122 Tumour markers in neuroendocrine tumours.] ''Ital J Gastroenterol Hepatol'' 31 Suppl 2 ():S160-2. PMID: [https://pubmed.gov/10604122 10604122]</ref> | ||
*[[Medical laboratory|Laboratory]] findings consistent with the diagnosis of [[Carcinoid Tumor|carcinoid]] tumor include: | *[[Medical laboratory|Laboratory]] findings consistent with the diagnosis of [[Carcinoid Tumor|carcinoid]] tumor include: | ||
:*'''[[Chromogranin A]] [[Chromogranin A|(CgA)]]''' | :*'''[[Chromogranin A]] [[Chromogranin A|(CgA)]]''' | ||
::*Marker of [[tumor]] | ::*Marker of [[tumor]] bulk, independent of [[Symptom|symptoms]] | ||
::*Specificity: 98.4%, sensitivity: 62.9% <ref name="pmid26925113">Gut P, Czarnywojtek A, Fischbach J, Bączyk M, Ziemnicka K, Wrotkowska E et al. (2016) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=26925113 Chromogranin A - unspecific neuroendocrine marker. Clinical utility and potential diagnostic pitfalls.] ''Arch Med Sci'' 12 (1):1-9. [http://dx.doi.org/10.5114/aoms.2016.57577 DOI:10.5114/aoms.2016.57577] PMID: [https://pubmed.gov/26925113 26925113]</ref> | ::*Specificity: 98.4%, sensitivity: 62.9% <ref name="pmid26925113">Gut P, Czarnywojtek A, Fischbach J, Bączyk M, Ziemnicka K, Wrotkowska E et al. (2016) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=26925113 Chromogranin A - unspecific neuroendocrine marker. Clinical utility and potential diagnostic pitfalls.] ''Arch Med Sci'' 12 (1):1-9. [http://dx.doi.org/10.5114/aoms.2016.57577 DOI:10.5114/aoms.2016.57577] PMID: [https://pubmed.gov/26925113 26925113]</ref> | ||
::*More [[Sensitivity (tests)|sensitive]] and less specific than urinary [[5-Hydroxyindoleacetic acid|5-HIAA]] | ::*More [[Sensitivity (tests)|sensitive]] and less specific than urinary [[5-Hydroxyindoleacetic acid|5-HIAA]] | ||
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::*The most [[Specificity (tests)|specific]] marker of [[Carcinoid Tumor|carcinoid]] tumors | ::*The most [[Specificity (tests)|specific]] marker of [[Carcinoid Tumor|carcinoid]] tumors | ||
::*No clear [[correlation]] with symptoms | ::*No clear [[correlation]] with symptoms | ||
::*Elevated concentration of [[5-Hydroxyindoleacetic acid|5-HIAA]] | ::*Elevated concentration of [[5-Hydroxyindoleacetic acid|5-HIAA]] (usually suggestive of progression of [[carcinoid tumors]])<ref name="pmid17576444">Maroun J, Kocha W, Kvols L, Bjarnason G, Chen E, Germond C et al. (2006) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17576444 Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of carcinoid tumours. Part 1: the gastrointestinal tract. A statement from a Canadian National Carcinoid Expert Group.] ''Curr Oncol'' 13 (2):67-76. PMID: [https://pubmed.gov/17576444 17576444]</ref><ref name="pmid10940685">Eriksson B, Oberg K, Stridsberg M (2000) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=10940685 Tumor markers in neuroendocrine tumors.] ''Digestion'' 62 Suppl 1 ():33-8. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000051853 DOI:10.1159/000051853] PMID: [https://pubmed.gov/10940685 10940685]</ref> | ||
:* '''Ki67''' | :* '''[[Ki-67 (Biology)|Ki67]]''' | ||
::* Marker of [[Cell growth|cell proliferation]] | ::* Marker of [[Cell growth|cell proliferation]] | ||
::* Patients with values less than 2% seldom benefit from [[chemotherapy]] | ::* Patients with values less than 2% seldom benefit from [[chemotherapy]]<ref name="pmid14686708">Oberg K (2003) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=14686708 Diagnosis and treatment of carcinoid tumors.] ''Expert Rev Anticancer Ther'' 3 (6):863-77. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1586/14737140.3.6.863 DOI:10.1586/14737140.3.6.863] PMID: [https://pubmed.gov/14686708 14686708]</ref><ref name="pmid17576444">Maroun J, Kocha W, Kvols L, Bjarnason G, Chen E, Germond C et al. (2006) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17576444 Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of carcinoid tumours. Part 1: the gastrointestinal tract. A statement from a Canadian National Carcinoid Expert Group.] ''Curr Oncol'' 13 (2):67-76. PMID: [https://pubmed.gov/17576444 17576444]</ref> | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
Revision as of 16:22, 22 February 2019
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Soroush Seifirad, M.D.[2]
Overview
There are no diagnostic laboratory findings associated with appendix cancer in general. Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of carcinoid tumors include , Chromogranin A (CgA), 5-HIAA (5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid) as well as Ki67. Some patients with colonic type adenocarcinoma may have elevated concentration of CEA and CA 19-9.
Laboratory Findings
- There are no diagnostic laboratory findings associated with appendix cancer.
- Some patients with colonic type adenocarcinoma may have elevated concentration of CEA and CA 19-9.[1][2]
- Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of carcinoid tumor include:
-
- The most specific marker of carcinoid tumors
- No clear correlation with symptoms
- Elevated concentration of 5-HIAA (usually suggestive of progression of carcinoid tumors)[4][5]
- Marker of cell proliferation
- Patients with values less than 2% seldom benefit from chemotherapy[6][4]
References
- ↑ Carmignani CP, Hampton R, Sugarbaker CE, Chang D, Sugarbaker PH (2004) Utility of CEA and CA 19-9 tumor markers in diagnosis and prognostic assessment of mucinous epithelial cancers of the appendix. J Surg Oncol 87 (4):162-6. DOI:10.1002/jso.20107 PMID: 15334630
- ↑ Oberg K, Janson ET, Eriksson B (1999) Tumour markers in neuroendocrine tumours. Ital J Gastroenterol Hepatol 31 Suppl 2 ():S160-2. PMID: 10604122
- ↑ Gut P, Czarnywojtek A, Fischbach J, Bączyk M, Ziemnicka K, Wrotkowska E et al. (2016) Chromogranin A - unspecific neuroendocrine marker. Clinical utility and potential diagnostic pitfalls. Arch Med Sci 12 (1):1-9. DOI:10.5114/aoms.2016.57577 PMID: 26925113
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Maroun J, Kocha W, Kvols L, Bjarnason G, Chen E, Germond C et al. (2006) Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of carcinoid tumours. Part 1: the gastrointestinal tract. A statement from a Canadian National Carcinoid Expert Group. Curr Oncol 13 (2):67-76. PMID: 17576444
- ↑ Eriksson B, Oberg K, Stridsberg M (2000) Tumor markers in neuroendocrine tumors. Digestion 62 Suppl 1 ():33-8. DOI:10.1159/000051853 PMID: 10940685
- ↑ Oberg K (2003) Diagnosis and treatment of carcinoid tumors. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 3 (6):863-77. DOI:10.1586/14737140.3.6.863 PMID: 14686708