Sinus tachycardia causes

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ayokunle Olubaniyi, M.B,B.S [2]

Overview

Sinus tachycardia can result from various causes which include: cardiovascular (e.g. heart failure, myocardial infarction, cardiac tamponade); side effect of medications (e.g. aminophylline, atropine); infectious (e.g. sepsis); metabolic (e.g. dehydration, hypoglycemia), and many other conditions. It can also be as a result of some acute, life threatening conditions such as alcohol and cocaine overdose, pulmonary embolism, anemia, shock, e.t.c

Causes

Life Threatening Causes

Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.

Common Causes

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular	Arteriovenous fistula, cardiac tamponade, heart failure, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, hypotension, myocardial infarction, myocarditis, shock, Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome
Chemical/Poisoning	Cyanide, mercury poisoning
Dental	No underlying causes
Dermatologic	No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect	Alprazolam, aminophylline, amphetamines, amrinone, atomoxetine, atropine, caffeine, cocaine, diazoxide, dicobalt edetate, dobutamine, docetaxel, dopexamine, doxapram, doxorubicin, ephedrine, epirubicin, fentanyl, fluvoxamine, hexamethonium, hydralazine, ibutilide, isoprenaline, methylphenidate, methysergide, minoxidil, nelarabine, nicotine, palonosetron, paroxetine, pramipexole, ritodrine, salbutamol, salmeterol, sibutramine, trimethaphan
Ear Nose Throat	No underlying causes
Endocrine	Diabetic autonomic neuropathy, hyperthyroidism, pheochromocytoma
Environmental	Electric shock
Gastroenterologic	No underlying causes
Genetic	Malignant hyperthermia
Hematologic	Anemia
Iatrogenic	No underlying causes
Infectious Disease	Chagas heart disease, Guillain-Barré syndrome, sepsis
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic	No underlying causes
Neurologic	Diabetic autonomic neuropathy, Guillain-Barré syndrome
Nutritional/Metabolic	Dehydration, hypoglycemia, malignant hyperthermia
Obstetric/Gynecologic	Peripartum cardiomyopathy, pregnancy
Oncologic	Pheochromocytoma
Ophthalmologic	No underlying causes
Overdose/Toxicity	Atropine, carbamazepine poisoning, cocaine, hypervitaminosis D, salicylate poisoning, tricyclic antidepressant overdose
Psychiatric	Anxiety, bulimia nervosa, panic disorder
Pulmonary	Air embolism, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, fat embolism, pulmonary embolism, tension pneumothorax
Renal/Electrolyte	No underlying causes
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy	Kawasaki disease
Sexual	No underlying causes
Trauma	cardiac injury from blunt trauma
Urologic	No underlying causes
Miscellaneous	Alcohol withdrawal, drowning, fever, hypoxia, pain

Causes in Alphabetical Order

References

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