Pheochromocytoma surgery: Difference between revisions

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{{Pheochromocytoma}}
{{Pheochromocytoma}}
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==Overview==
==Overview==
A '''pheochromocytoma''' ('''phaeochromocytoma''' outside of the US) is a [[neuroendocrine tumor]] of the [[Adrenal medulla|medulla]] of the [[adrenal gland]]s (originating in the [[chromaffin cell]]s) or extra-adrenal chromaffin tissue which failed to involute after birth,<ref>{{cite book |author=Boulpaep, Emile L.; Boron, Walter F. |title=Medical physiology: a cellular and molecular approach |publisher=Saunders |location=Philadelphia |year=2003 |pages=1065 |isbn=0-7216-3256-4 |oclc= |doi=}}</ref> which secretes excessive amounts of [[catecholamine]]s, usually [[epinephrine]] and [[norepinephrine]].
Extra-adrenal [[paragangliomas]] (often described as extra-adrenal pheochromocytomas) are closely related, though less common, tumors that originate in the [[ganglion|ganglia]] of the [[sympathetic nervous system]] and are named based upon the primary anatomical site of origin.
==Surgery==
==Surgery==
Surgical [[resection]] of the tumor is the treatment of first choice. Given the complexity of [[perioperative]] management, and the potential for catastrophic intra and postoperative complications, such surgery should be performed only at centers experienced in the area. In addition to the surgical expertise that such centers can provide, they will also have the necessary endocrine and anesthesia resources as well. It may also be nescessary to carry out adrenalectomy, a complete surgical removal of the affected adrenal gland(s).  
Surgical [[resection]] of the tumor is the treatment of first choice. Given the complexity of [[perioperative]] management, and the potential for catastrophic intra and postoperative complications, such surgery should be performed only at centers experienced in the area. In addition to the surgical expertise that such centers can provide, they will also have the necessary endocrine and anesthesia resources as well. It may also be nescessary to carry out adrenalectomy, a complete surgical removal of the affected adrenal gland(s).  
Either surgical option requires prior treatment with both the non-specific alpha adrenoceptor blocker [[Phenoxybenzamine]] to counteract hypertension and the beta-1 adrenoceptor antagonist [[Atenolol]] to reduce cardiac output. Given before surgery, these can also block the effect of a sudden release of adrenaline during tumour removal, which would otherwise endanger the anaethetised patient.
{{Reflist|2}}
{{Reflist|2}}


[[Category:Endocrinology]]
[[Category:Endocrinology]]
[[Category:Oncology]]
[[Category:Oncology]]
[[de:Phäochromozytom]]
[[es:Feocromocitoma]]
[[fr:Phéochromocytome]]
[[it:Feocromocitoma]]
[[he:פאוכרומוציטומה]]
[[nl:Feochromocytoom]]
[[ja:褐色細胞腫]]
[[pl:Guz chromochłonny nadnerczy]]
[[sv:Feokromocytom]]
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Revision as of 16:19, 11 September 2012

Pheochromocytoma Microchapters

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Surgery

Surgical resection of the tumor is the treatment of first choice. Given the complexity of perioperative management, and the potential for catastrophic intra and postoperative complications, such surgery should be performed only at centers experienced in the area. In addition to the surgical expertise that such centers can provide, they will also have the necessary endocrine and anesthesia resources as well. It may also be nescessary to carry out adrenalectomy, a complete surgical removal of the affected adrenal gland(s).

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