Subarachnoid hemorrhage causes

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AHA/ASA Guidelines for the Management of Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (2012)

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Syed Ahsan Hussain, M.D.[2] Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [3]; Sara Mehrsefat, M.D. [4]

Overview

Subarachnoid hemorrhages may be caused by trauma or may occur spontaneously. Spontaneous SAH is most often due to rupture of cerebral aneurysms (85%), which are weaknesses in the wall of the arteries of the brain that enlarge. Beside aneurysmal rupture, other common causes of spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhages include vascular events (such as arteriovenous malformation, dural arteriovenous fistula, perimesencephalic, Intracranial arterial dissection, and amyloid angiopathy), cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome after carotid endarterectomy, brain or cervical tumors, and illicit drug use (such as cocaine andamphetamines).[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]

Causes

Subarachnoid hemorrhages may be caused by trauma or may occur spontaneously.

Common causes of subarachnoid hemorrhages include:[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]

Trauma

Head trauma following accident or a fall

Spontaneous

Rupture of an aneurysm

Vascular events

Cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome after carotid endarterectomy

Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome

Brain or cervical tumors

Illicit drug use

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 Kumar S, Goddeau RP, Selim MH, Thomas A, Schlaug G, Alhazzani A; et al. (2010). "Atraumatic convexal subarachnoid hemorrhage: clinical presentation, imaging patterns, and etiologies". Neurology. 74 (11): 893–9. doi:10.1212/WNL.0b013e3181d55efa. PMC 2836868. PMID 20231664.
  2. 2.0 2.1 STEHBENS WE (1963). "ANEURYSMS AND ANATOMICAL VARIATION OF CEREBRAL ARTERIES". Arch Pathol. 75: 45–64. PMID 14087271.
  3. 3.0 3.1 Austin G, Fisher S, Dickson D, Anderson D, Richardson S (1993). "The significance of the extracellular matrix in intracranial aneurysms". Ann Clin Lab Sci. 23 (2): 97–105. PMID 7681275.
  4. 4.0 4.1 Schievink WI, Karemaker JM, Hageman LM, van der Werf DJ (1989). "Circumstances surrounding aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage". Surg Neurol. 32 (4): 266–72. PMID 2675363.
  5. 5.0 5.1 Patel RL, Richards P, Chambers DJ, Venn G (1991). "Infective endocarditis complicated by ruptured cerebral mycotic aneurysm". J R Soc Med. 84 (12): 746–7. PMC 1295527. PMID 1774755.
  6. 6.0 6.1 Kernan WN, Viscoli CM, Brass LM, Broderick JP, Brott T, Feldmann E; et al. (2000). "c and the risk of hemorrhagic stroke". N Engl J Med. 343 (25): 1826–32. doi:10.1056/NEJM200012213432501. PMID 11117973.
  7. 7.0 7.1 Levine SR, Brust JC, Futrell N, Brass LM, Blake D, Fayad P; et al. (1991). "A comparative study of the cerebrovascular complications of cocaine: alkaloidal versus hydrochloride--a review". Neurology. 41 (8): 1173–7. PMID 1866000.
  8. 8.0 8.1 Scotti G, Filizzolo F, Scialfa G, Tampieri D, Versari P (1987). "Repeated subarachnoid hemorrhages from a cervical meningioma. Case report". J Neurosurg. 66 (5): 779–81. doi:10.3171/jns.1987.66.5.0779. PMID 3572505.
  9. Navi BB, Reichman JS, Berlin D, Reiner AS, Panageas KS, Segal AZ; et al. (2010). "Intracerebral and subarachnoid hemorrhage in patients with cancer". Neurology. 74 (6): 494–501. doi:10.1212/WNL.0b013e3181cef837. PMC 2830918. PMID 20142616.

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