Sexcord/ stromal ovarian tumors history and symptoms: Difference between revisions
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{{Sexcord/ stromal ovarian tumors}} | {{Sexcord/ stromal ovarian tumors}} | ||
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} | {{CMG}}; {{AE}} ;{{M.N}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
The | The most common [[symptoms]] of sexcord/ stromal ovarian tumors include [[Adnexal mass causes|adnexal mass]], [[bloating]], [[urinary urgency]] or frequency, [[dysphagia]](difficulty [[eating]]) or feeling full quickly, [[Pelvic pain|pelvic]] or [[abdominal pain]]. Less common [[symptoms]] of sexcord/ stromal ovarian tumors include [[lymphadenopathy]], [[postmenopausal bleeding]], typical features of [[bowel obstruction]] like [[nausea]], [[vomiting]], and [[distention]]. Specific [[symptoms]] pertinent to sexcord/ stromal ovarian tumors include [[hirsutism]](excessive [[hair]]<nowiki/>growth), [[virilization]], [[menstrual]] changes like [[abnormal uterine bleeding]], [[precocious puberty]] in [[children]]. | ||
==History and Symptoms== | |||
*[[Patients]] with [[ovarian]] sex cord-stromal tumors present in a much similar way as [[Epithelial ovarian tumors|epithelial ovarian neoplasms]], although a few sub-types do vary in their presentation<ref name="pmid30281663">{{cite journal |vauthors=Zheng G, Yu H, Kanerva A, Försti A, Sundquist K, Hemminki K |title=Familial risks of ovarian cancer by age at diagnosis, proband type and histology |journal=PLoS ONE |volume=13 |issue=10 |pages=e0205000 |date=2018 |pmid=30281663 |pmc=6169923 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0205000 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid11506835">{{cite journal |vauthors=Olson SH, Mignone L, Nakraseive C, Caputo TA, Barakat RR, Harlap S |title=Symptoms of ovarian cancer |journal=Obstet Gynecol |volume=98 |issue=2 |pages=212–7 |date=August 2001 |pmid=11506835 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid11733956">{{cite journal |vauthors=Vine MF, Ness RB, Calingaert B, Schildkraut JM, Berchuck A |title=Types and duration of symptoms prior to diagnosis of invasive or borderline ovarian tumor |journal=Gynecol. Oncol. |volume=83 |issue=3 |pages=466–71 |date=December 2001 |pmid=11733956 |doi=10.1006/gyno.2001.6411 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid15473410">{{cite journal |vauthors=Yawn BP, Barrette BA, Wollan PC |title=Ovarian cancer: the neglected diagnosis |journal=Mayo Clin. Proc. |volume=79 |issue=10 |pages=1277–82 |date=October 2004 |pmid=15473410 |doi=10.4065/79.10.1277 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid15187051">{{cite journal |vauthors=Goff BA, Mandel LS, Melancon CH, Muntz HG |title=Frequency of symptoms of ovarian cancer in women presenting to primary care clinics |journal=JAMA |volume=291 |issue=22 |pages=2705–12 |date=June 2004 |pmid=15187051 |doi=10.1001/jama.291.22.2705 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid17154394">{{cite journal |vauthors=Goff BA, Mandel LS, Drescher CW, Urban N, Gough S, Schurman KM, Patras J, Mahony BS, Andersen MR |title=Development of an ovarian cancer symptom index: possibilities for earlier detection |journal=Cancer |volume=109 |issue=2 |pages=221–7 |date=January 2007 |pmid=17154394 |doi=10.1002/cncr.22371 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid22343227">{{cite journal |vauthors=Goff B |title=Symptoms associated with ovarian cancer |journal=Clin Obstet Gynecol |volume=55 |issue=1 |pages=36–42 |date=March 2012 |pmid=22343227 |doi=10.1097/GRF.0b013e3182480523 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid14751164">{{cite journal |vauthors=Webb PM, Purdie DM, Grover S, Jordan S, Dick ML, Green AC |title=Symptoms and diagnosis of borderline, early and advanced epithelial ovarian cancer |journal=Gynecol. Oncol. |volume=92 |issue=1 |pages=232–9 |date=January 2004 |pmid=14751164 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | |||
*Broadly we can categorize them as [[acute]] and [[subacute]] presentations | |||
===Common Symptoms/presentations=== | |||
*[[Adnexal]] [[mass]]: | |||
**This is the most common presentation of [[ovarian cancer]] | |||
**It may be discovered due to [[symptoms]] of [[pelvic pain]] or [[pressure]], or sometimes may be found on a routine [[pelvic examination]] or an [[Imaging studies|imaging study]] performed for detecting another [[medical]] condition | |||
*[[Abdominal]] & [[pelvic]] [[symptoms]]: | |||
**[[Bloating]] | |||
**[[Urinary urgency]] or frequency | |||
**[[Dysphagia]](difficulty eating) or feeling full quickly | |||
**[[Pelvic]] or [[abdominal pain]] | |||
===less common symptoms/presentations=== | |||
*[[Palpable]] [[lymphadenopathy]] | |||
*[[Postmenopausal bleeding]] | |||
===Acute presentations=== | ===Acute presentations=== | ||
They can manifest themselves as bowel obstruction, pleural effusion and even venous thromboembolism | They can manifest themselves as [[bowel obstruction]], [[pleural effusion]] and even [[venous thromboembolism]] | ||
*Pleural effusions: | *[[Pleural effusions]]: | ||
**They usually present with shortness of breath | **They usually present with [[shortness of breath]] | ||
**We should proceed with a chest x-ray, followed by thoracentesis which reveals a malignant pleural effusion | **We should proceed with a [[chest x-ray]], followed by [[thoracentesis]] which reveals a [[malignant]] [[pleural effusion]] | ||
*Bowel obstruction: | *[[Bowel obstruction]]: | ||
**Patients usually present with typical features of bowel obstruction like nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and distention | **[[Patients]] usually present with typical features of [[bowel obstruction]] like [[nausea]], [[vomiting]], [[abdominal pain]] and distention | ||
===Symptoms specific to sexcord-stromal tumors=== | |||
=== | *In contrast to [[epithelial]] and [[germ cell tumors]], however, sex cord-stromal tumors usually present with [[symptoms]] and [[signs]] of excess [[hormonal]] production, such as: <ref name="pmid27858560">{{cite journal |vauthors=Schultz KA, Harris AK, Schneider DT, Young RH, Brown J, Gershenson DM, Dehner LP, Hill DA, Messinger YH, Frazier AL |title=Ovarian Sex Cord-Stromal Tumors |journal=J Oncol Pract |volume=12 |issue=10 |pages=940–946 |date=October 2016 |pmid=27858560 |pmc=5063189 |doi=10.1200/JOP.2016.016261 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid26054417">{{cite journal |vauthors=Horta M, Cunha TM |title=Sex cord-stromal tumors of the ovary: a comprehensive review and update for radiologists |journal=Diagn Interv Radiol |volume=21 |issue=4 |pages=277–86 |date=2015 |pmid=26054417 |pmc=4498422 |doi=10.5152/dir.2015.34414 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid20586551">{{cite journal |vauthors=Varras M, Vasilakaki T, Skafida E, Akrivis C |title=Clinical, ultrasonographic, computed tomography and histopathological manifestations of ovarian steroid cell tumour, not otherwise specified: our experience of a rare case with female virilisation and review of the literature |journal=Gynecol. Endocrinol. |volume=27 |issue=6 |pages=412–8 |date=June 2011 |pmid=20586551 |doi=10.3109/09513590.2010.495432 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid9821198">{{cite journal |vauthors=Outwater EK, Wagner BJ, Mannion C, McLarney JK, Kim B |title=Sex cord-stromal and steroid cell tumors of the ovary |journal=Radiographics |volume=18 |issue=6 |pages=1523–46 |date=1998 |pmid=9821198 |doi=10.1148/radiographics.18.6.9821198 |url=}}</ref> | ||
**[[Hirsutism]](excessive hairgrowth) | |||
**[[Virilization]] | |||
**[[Menstrual]] changes like [[abnormal uterine bleeding]] | |||
**[[Precocious puberty]] in [[children]] | |||
=== | |||
*[ | |||
*[ | |||
*[ | |||
*[ | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
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{{WH}} | {{WH}} | ||
{{WS}} | {{WS}} | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Disease]] | ||
[[Category:Types of cancer]] | |||
[[Category:Gynecology]] | |||
[[Category:Up-To-Date]] | |||
[[Category:Oncology]] | |||
[[Category:Medicine]] | |||
[[Category:Gynecology]] | |||
[[Category:Surgery]] | |||
Latest revision as of 22:51, 2 May 2019
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: ; Maneesha Nandimandalam, M.B.B.S.[2]
Overview
The most common symptoms of sexcord/ stromal ovarian tumors include adnexal mass, bloating, urinary urgency or frequency, dysphagia(difficulty eating) or feeling full quickly, pelvic or abdominal pain. Less common symptoms of sexcord/ stromal ovarian tumors include lymphadenopathy, postmenopausal bleeding, typical features of bowel obstruction like nausea, vomiting, and distention. Specific symptoms pertinent to sexcord/ stromal ovarian tumors include hirsutism(excessive hairgrowth), virilization, menstrual changes like abnormal uterine bleeding, precocious puberty in children.
History and Symptoms
- Patients with ovarian sex cord-stromal tumors present in a much similar way as epithelial ovarian neoplasms, although a few sub-types do vary in their presentation[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]
- Broadly we can categorize them as acute and subacute presentations
Common Symptoms/presentations
- Adnexal mass:
- This is the most common presentation of ovarian cancer
- It may be discovered due to symptoms of pelvic pain or pressure, or sometimes may be found on a routine pelvic examination or an imaging study performed for detecting another medical condition
- Abdominal & pelvic symptoms:
- Bloating
- Urinary urgency or frequency
- Dysphagia(difficulty eating) or feeling full quickly
- Pelvic or abdominal pain
less common symptoms/presentations
Acute presentations
They can manifest themselves as bowel obstruction, pleural effusion and even venous thromboembolism
- Pleural effusions:
- They usually present with shortness of breath
- We should proceed with a chest x-ray, followed by thoracentesis which reveals a malignant pleural effusion
- Bowel obstruction:
- Patients usually present with typical features of bowel obstruction like nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and distention
Symptoms specific to sexcord-stromal tumors
- In contrast to epithelial and germ cell tumors, however, sex cord-stromal tumors usually present with symptoms and signs of excess hormonal production, such as: [9][10][11][12]
- Hirsutism(excessive hairgrowth)
- Virilization
- Menstrual changes like abnormal uterine bleeding
- Precocious puberty in children
References
- ↑ Zheng G, Yu H, Kanerva A, Försti A, Sundquist K, Hemminki K (2018). "Familial risks of ovarian cancer by age at diagnosis, proband type and histology". PLoS ONE. 13 (10): e0205000. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0205000. PMC 6169923. PMID 30281663.
- ↑ Olson SH, Mignone L, Nakraseive C, Caputo TA, Barakat RR, Harlap S (August 2001). "Symptoms of ovarian cancer". Obstet Gynecol. 98 (2): 212–7. PMID 11506835.
- ↑ Vine MF, Ness RB, Calingaert B, Schildkraut JM, Berchuck A (December 2001). "Types and duration of symptoms prior to diagnosis of invasive or borderline ovarian tumor". Gynecol. Oncol. 83 (3): 466–71. doi:10.1006/gyno.2001.6411. PMID 11733956.
- ↑ Yawn BP, Barrette BA, Wollan PC (October 2004). "Ovarian cancer: the neglected diagnosis". Mayo Clin. Proc. 79 (10): 1277–82. doi:10.4065/79.10.1277. PMID 15473410.
- ↑ Goff BA, Mandel LS, Melancon CH, Muntz HG (June 2004). "Frequency of symptoms of ovarian cancer in women presenting to primary care clinics". JAMA. 291 (22): 2705–12. doi:10.1001/jama.291.22.2705. PMID 15187051.
- ↑ Goff BA, Mandel LS, Drescher CW, Urban N, Gough S, Schurman KM, Patras J, Mahony BS, Andersen MR (January 2007). "Development of an ovarian cancer symptom index: possibilities for earlier detection". Cancer. 109 (2): 221–7. doi:10.1002/cncr.22371. PMID 17154394.
- ↑ Goff B (March 2012). "Symptoms associated with ovarian cancer". Clin Obstet Gynecol. 55 (1): 36–42. doi:10.1097/GRF.0b013e3182480523. PMID 22343227.
- ↑ Webb PM, Purdie DM, Grover S, Jordan S, Dick ML, Green AC (January 2004). "Symptoms and diagnosis of borderline, early and advanced epithelial ovarian cancer". Gynecol. Oncol. 92 (1): 232–9. PMID 14751164.
- ↑ Schultz KA, Harris AK, Schneider DT, Young RH, Brown J, Gershenson DM, Dehner LP, Hill DA, Messinger YH, Frazier AL (October 2016). "Ovarian Sex Cord-Stromal Tumors". J Oncol Pract. 12 (10): 940–946. doi:10.1200/JOP.2016.016261. PMC 5063189. PMID 27858560.
- ↑ Horta M, Cunha TM (2015). "Sex cord-stromal tumors of the ovary: a comprehensive review and update for radiologists". Diagn Interv Radiol. 21 (4): 277–86. doi:10.5152/dir.2015.34414. PMC 4498422. PMID 26054417.
- ↑ Varras M, Vasilakaki T, Skafida E, Akrivis C (June 2011). "Clinical, ultrasonographic, computed tomography and histopathological manifestations of ovarian steroid cell tumour, not otherwise specified: our experience of a rare case with female virilisation and review of the literature". Gynecol. Endocrinol. 27 (6): 412–8. doi:10.3109/09513590.2010.495432. PMID 20586551.
- ↑ Outwater EK, Wagner BJ, Mannion C, McLarney JK, Kim B (1998). "Sex cord-stromal and steroid cell tumors of the ovary". Radiographics. 18 (6): 1523–46. doi:10.1148/radiographics.18.6.9821198. PMID 9821198.