Epididymoorchitis physical examination
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Dima Nimri, M.D. [2]
Overview
Physical Examination
The following physical signs may be apparent upon examination of patient with epididymoorchitis:[1]
- General appearance: Patients with epididymoorchitis usually look uncomfortable while seated
- Vital signs: fever and tachycardia may be present
- Scrotal and testicular examination: look for swelling or tenderness on palpation of the testicle or palpation of a tender spermatic cord, which is suggestive of epididymitis. There may also be an area of induration. In the later stages of epididymoorchitis, there may be [[scrotum}scrotal]] wall erythema that mimics testicular torsion
- Cremasteric reflex: ipsilateral cremasteric reflex is usually intact in cases of epididymoorchitis
- Prehn sign: Epididymoorchitis usually has a positive Prehn sign, which is the relief of pain with elevation of the testicle
- Inguinal area examination: inguinal area is examined to look for hernias or swollen/tender lymph nodes
- Costovertebral angle tenderness or tenderness on palpation of the suprapubic region may reveal concomitant pyelonephritis and cystitis, respectively