Dilated cardiomyopathy physical examination: Difference between revisions
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__NOTOC__ | |||
{{Dilated cardiomyopathy}} | |||
{{CMG}}{{AE}}{{AIA}} | |||
== Overview == | == Overview == | ||
Patients with [ | Patients with [[dilated cardiomyopathy]] (DCM) usually appear lethargic and may display the general appearance of [[Congestive heart failure|heart failure]]. [[Physical examination]] of patients with DCM is usually remarkable for cardiac examination findings (lateral displacement of the [[Displaced point of maximal impulse|point of maximal impulse]], right ventricular [[heave]], [[S2|S<sub>2</sub>]] at the base, and S3 [[Gallop rhythm|gallops]]), [[jugular venous distension]], and [[Pedal edema|peripheral edema]]. | ||
== Physical Examination == | == Physical Examination == | ||
The [[physical examination]] of patients with [[dilated cardiomyopathy]] may show:<ref name="pmid1507837">{{cite journal| author=Amosova EN| title=[Differential diagnosis of dilated cardiomyopathy]. | journal=Klin Med (Mosk) | year= 1992 | volume= 70 | issue= 3-4 | pages= 14-9 | pmid=1507837 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=1507837 }}</ref><ref name="pmid15078372">{{cite journal| author=Amosova EN| title=[Differential diagnosis of dilated cardiomyopathy]. | journal=Klin Med (Mosk) | year= 1992 | volume= 70 | issue= 3-4 | pages= 14-9 | pmid=1507837 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=1507837 }}</ref><ref name="pmid14598597">{{cite journal| author=Gurevich MA, Gordienko BV| title=[Dilated and ischemic cardiomyopathy: differential diagnosis]. | journal=Klin Med (Mosk) | year= 2003 | volume= 81 | issue= 9 | pages= 68-71 | pmid=14598597 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=14598597 }}</ref><ref name="pmid145985972">{{cite journal| author=Gurevich MA, Gordienko BV| title=[Dilated and ischemic cardiomyopathy: differential diagnosis]. | journal=Klin Med (Mosk) | year= 2003 | volume= 81 | issue= 9 | pages= 68-71 | pmid=14598597 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=14598597 }}</ref> | |||
=== Appearance of the Patient === | === Appearance of the Patient === | ||
* Patients with | * Patients with DCM usually appear lethargic and may display the general appearance of [[Congestive heart failure|heart failure]]. | ||
=== Vital Signs === | === Vital Signs === | ||
* [[Tachycardia]] with regular or irregular pulse (in case of atrial fibrillation) | |||
* Tachypnea | |||
* [[Tachycardia]] with regular | * Weak pulse (low pulse pressure) | ||
* Low [[Blood pressure low, systemic|blood pressure]] may be present | |||
* Tachypnea | |||
* Weak | |||
* | |||
=== Skin === | === Skin === | ||
* [[Cyanosis]] | * [[Cyanosis]] | ||
* [[ | * [[Pallor]] in case of [[Congestive heart failure|heart failure]]. | ||
=== HEENT === | === HEENT === | ||
* HEENT examination of patients with [ | * HEENT examination of patients with [[Dilated cardiomyopathy|DCM]] is usually normal | ||
=== Neck === | === Neck === | ||
* [[Jugular venous distension]] | * [[Jugular venous distension]] | ||
=== Lungs === | === Lungs === | ||
* Fine [[crackles]] upon [[auscultation]] of the lung bases bilaterally | |||
* Fine | |||
=== Heart === | === Heart === | ||
* | * Lateral displacement of the point of maximal impulse (PMI) | ||
*Right ventricular heave | |||
* | *[[S2|S<sub>2</sub>]] at the base (paradoxical splitting, prominent P<sub>2</sub>) | ||
* [[Heart sounds#Summation%20Gallop|S3 Gallops]] | |||
*[[Atrial fibrillation]] may be present | |||
* [[ | |||
* [[Heart sounds#Summation%20Gallop|Gallops]] | |||
* | |||
=== Abdomen === | === Abdomen === | ||
* | *[[Hepatomegaly]] in heart failure | ||
=== Back === | === Back === | ||
* Back examination of patients with [ | * Back examination of patients with [[Dilated cardiomyopathy|DCM]] is usually normal | ||
=== Genitourinary === | === Genitourinary === | ||
* Genitourinary examination of patients with [ | *[[Genitourinary system|Genitourinary]] examination of patients with [[Dilated cardiomyopathy|DCM]] is usually normal. | ||
=== Neuromuscular === | === Neuromuscular === | ||
* Neuromuscular examination of patients with | *[[Neuromuscular]] examination of patients with DCM is usually normal | ||
=== Extremities === | === Extremities === | ||
* | *[[Cyanosis]] | ||
*[[Clubbing]] | |||
* Pitting [[edema]] of the upper/lower extremities in heart fai__NOTOC__lure | |||
* [[ | |||
* Pitting | |||
{{Dilated cardiomyopathy}} | {{Dilated cardiomyopathy}} | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Latest revision as of 17:18, 30 December 2019
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Dilated cardiomyopathy Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
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Dilated cardiomyopathy physical examination On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Dilated cardiomyopathy physical examination |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Dilated cardiomyopathy physical examination |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Abdelrahman Ibrahim Abushouk, MD[2]
Overview
Patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) usually appear lethargic and may display the general appearance of heart failure. Physical examination of patients with DCM is usually remarkable for cardiac examination findings (lateral displacement of the point of maximal impulse, right ventricular heave, S2 at the base, and S3 gallops), jugular venous distension, and peripheral edema.
Physical Examination
The physical examination of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy may show:[1][2][3][4]
Appearance of the Patient
- Patients with DCM usually appear lethargic and may display the general appearance of heart failure.
Vital Signs
- Tachycardia with regular or irregular pulse (in case of atrial fibrillation)
- Tachypnea
- Weak pulse (low pulse pressure)
- Low blood pressure may be present
Skin
- Cyanosis
- Pallor in case of heart failure.
HEENT
- HEENT examination of patients with DCM is usually normal
Neck
Lungs
- Fine crackles upon auscultation of the lung bases bilaterally
Heart
- Lateral displacement of the point of maximal impulse (PMI)
- Right ventricular heave
- S2 at the base (paradoxical splitting, prominent P2)
- S3 Gallops
- Atrial fibrillation may be present
Abdomen
- Hepatomegaly in heart failure
Back
- Back examination of patients with DCM is usually normal
Genitourinary
- Genitourinary examination of patients with DCM is usually normal.
Neuromuscular
- Neuromuscular examination of patients with DCM is usually normal
Extremities
|
Dilated cardiomyopathy Microchapters |
|
Diagnosis |
|---|
|
Treatment |
|
Case Studies |
|
Dilated cardiomyopathy physical examination On the Web |
|
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Dilated cardiomyopathy physical examination |
|
Risk calculators and risk factors for Dilated cardiomyopathy physical examination |
References
- ↑ Amosova EN (1992). "[Differential diagnosis of dilated cardiomyopathy]". Klin Med (Mosk). 70 (3–4): 14–9. PMID 1507837.
- ↑ Amosova EN (1992). "[Differential diagnosis of dilated cardiomyopathy]". Klin Med (Mosk). 70 (3–4): 14–9. PMID 1507837.
- ↑ Gurevich MA, Gordienko BV (2003). "[Dilated and ischemic cardiomyopathy: differential diagnosis]". Klin Med (Mosk). 81 (9): 68–71. PMID 14598597.
- ↑ Gurevich MA, Gordienko BV (2003). "[Dilated and ischemic cardiomyopathy: differential diagnosis]". Klin Med (Mosk). 81 (9): 68–71. PMID 14598597.