COVID-19 pathophysiology
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by, SARS-CoV-2, a novel coronavirus named for the similarity of its symptoms to those caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome.
Pathophysiology
Pathogenesis
- Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by, SARS-CoV-2, a novel coronavirus named for the similarity of its symptoms to those caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome.[1][2]
- Unlike SARS-CoV, transmission of COVID-19 takes place during the prodromal period when those infected are mildly ill and are carrying on with their usual activities. This contributes to the spread of infection.[3]
- The main pathogenesis of COVID-19 is severe pneumonia, RNAemia, combined with the incidence of ground-glass opacities, and acute cardiac injury.[4]
- As evident from the autopsies of those infected by the SARS-CoV, the extensive lung damage may be caused by multiple factors, such as:
- Initial reports identified two species of snakes that could be the culprit reservoir of COVID-19. However, there is no consistent evidence of coronavirus reservoirs except mammals and birds.[7]
Reference
- ↑ Lu, Jian; Cui, Jie; Qian, Zhaohui; Wang, Yirong; Zhang, Hong; Duan, Yuange; Wu, Xinkai; Yao, Xinmin; Song, Yuhe; Li, Xiang; Wu, Changcheng; Tang, Xiaolu (2020). "On the origin and continuing evolution of SARS-CoV-2". National Science Review. doi:10.1093/nsr/nwaa036. ISSN 2095-5138.
- ↑ Lu, Roujian; Zhao, Xiang; Li, Juan; Niu, Peihua; Yang, Bo; Wu, Honglong; Wang, Wenling; Song, Hao; Huang, Baoying; Zhu, Na; Bi, Yuhai; Ma, Xuejun; Zhan, Faxian; Wang, Liang; Hu, Tao; Zhou, Hong; Hu, Zhenhong; Zhou, Weimin; Zhao, Li; Chen, Jing; Meng, Yao; Wang, Ji; Lin, Yang; Yuan, Jianying; Xie, Zhihao; Ma, Jinmin; Liu, William J; Wang, Dayan; Xu, Wenbo; Holmes, Edward C; Gao, George F; Wu, Guizhen; Chen, Weijun; Shi, Weifeng; Tan, Wenjie (2020). "Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding". The Lancet. 395 (10224): 565–574. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30251-8. ISSN 0140-6736.
- ↑ Heymann, David L; Shindo, Nahoko (2020). "COVID-19: what is next for public health?". The Lancet. 395 (10224): 542–545. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30374-3. ISSN 0140-6736.
- ↑ Huang, Chaolin; Wang, Yeming; Li, Xingwang; Ren, Lili; Zhao, Jianping; Hu, Yi; Zhang, Li; Fan, Guohui; Xu, Jiuyang; Gu, Xiaoying; Cheng, Zhenshun; Yu, Ting; Xia, Jiaan; Wei, Yuan; Wu, Wenjuan; Xie, Xuelei; Yin, Wen; Li, Hui; Liu, Min; Xiao, Yan; Gao, Hong; Guo, Li; Xie, Jungang; Wang, Guangfa; Jiang, Rongmeng; Gao, Zhancheng; Jin, Qi; Wang, Jianwei; Cao, Bin (2020). "Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China". The Lancet. 395 (10223): 497–506. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5. ISSN 0140-6736.
- ↑ Peiris JS, Chu CM, Cheng VC, Chan KS, Hung IF, Poon LL, Law KI, Tang BS, Hon TY, Chan CS, Chan KH, Ng JS, Zheng BJ, Ng WL, Lai RW, Guan Y, Yuen KY (May 2003). "Clinical progression and viral load in a community outbreak of coronavirus-associated SARS pneumonia: a prospective study". Lancet. 361 (9371): 1767–72. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(03)13412-5. PMID 12781535.
- ↑ Nicholls JM, Poon LL, Lee KC, Ng WF, Lai ST, Leung CY, Chu CM, Hui PK, Mak KL, Lim W, Yan KW, Chan KH, Tsang NC, Guan Y, Yuen KY, Peiris JS (May 2003). "Lung pathology of fatal severe acute respiratory syndrome". Lancet. 361 (9371): 1773–8. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(03)13413-7. PMID 12781536.
- ↑ Bassetti, Matteo; Vena, Antonio; Giacobbe, Daniele Roberto (2020). "The novel Chinese coronavirus (2019‐nCoV) infections: Challenges for fighting the storm". European Journal of Clinical Investigation. 50 (3). doi:10.1111/eci.13209. ISSN 0014-2972.