Appendix cancer risk factors

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Soroush Seifirad, M.D.[2]

Overview

Alike other malignancies, common risk factors in the development of appendix cancer are a combination of environmental and genetic factors.

Common risk factors in the development of appendix cancer include age, sex, smoking, MEN1 Syndrome, and medical conditions which affect gastric acid secretion like atrophic gastritis, pernicious anemia and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome.

Risk Factors

Common Risk Factors

• Common risk factors in the development of apendix cancers include:
  • Smoking
  • Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) syndrome
  • Any condition that influence acid production of stomach like atrophic gastritis, pernicious anemia and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
  • Age
    • Adenocarcinoma peak age 60s decade while carcinoid tumors are prevalent in 40s.

Less Common Risk Factors

• Less common risk factors in the development of [disease name] include:
• Chronic inflammatory disease specially ulcerative colitis.
  • Sex
    • There is a male dominant pattern of prevalence in adenocarcinoma of appendix.
    • Although it is still controversial, most of the published studies demonstrated that females are more commonly affected by appendiceal carcinoids than men.