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==References==
==References==
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Revision as of 20:03, 16 January 2019

Appendix cancer Microchapters

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Patient Information

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Epidemiology and Demographics

Differentiating Appendix cancer from other Diseases

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Study of Choice

History and Symptoms

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Laboratory Findings

Electrocardiogram

X-ray

MRI

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Echocardiography and Ultrasound

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Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Soroush Seifirad, M.D.[2]

Overview

Alike other malignancies, common risk factors in the development of appendix cancer are a combination of environmental and genetic factors.

Common risk factors in the development of appendix cancer include age, sex, smoking, MEN1 Syndrome, and medical conditions which affect gastric acid secretion like atrophic gastritis, pernicious anemia and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome.

Risk Factors

Common Risk Factors

Less Common Risk Factors

  • Less common risk factors in the development of [disease name] include:
    • Chronic inflammatory disease specially ulcerative colitis.[3]
    • Sex[2]
      • There is a male dominant pattern of prevalence in adenocarcinoma of appendix.
      • Although it is still controversial, most of the published studies demonstrated that females are more commonly affected by appendiceal carcinoids than men. [4]

References

  1. Modlin IM, Sandor A (1997). "An analysis of 8305 cases of carcinoid tumors". Cancer. 79 (4): 813–29. PMID 9024720.
  2. 2.0 2.1 Deans GT, Spence RA (1995). "Neoplastic lesions of the appendix". Br J Surg. 82 (3): 299–306. PMID 7795991.
  3. Odze RD, Medline P, Cohen Z (1994). "Adenocarcinoma arising in an appendix involved with chronic ulcerative colitis". Am J Gastroenterol. 89 (10): 1905–7. PMID 7942699.
  4. Syracuse DC, Perzin KH, Price JB, Wiedel PD, Mesa-Tejada R (1979). "Carcinoid tumors of the appendix. Mesoappendiceal extension and nodal metastases". Ann Surg. 190 (1): 58–63. PMC 1344458. PMID 464679.

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