Serum response factor

Serum response factor (c-fos serum response element-binding transcription factor)
File:PBB Protein SRF image.jpg PDB rendering based on 1hbx.
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: Template:Homologene2PDBe PDBe, Template:Homologene2uniprot RCSB List of PDB id codes 1hbx​, 1k6o​, 1srs​
Identifiers
Symbols	SRF ; MCM1
External IDs	Template:OMIM5 Template:MGI HomoloGene: 31135
Gene ontology Molecular function Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Cellular component Template:GNF GO Biological process Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO
RNA expression pattern
File:PBB GE SRF 202401 s at tn.png
File:PBB GE SRF 202400 s at tn.png
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Template:GNF Ortholog box
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	n/a	n/a
Ensembl	n/a	n/a
UniProt	n/a	n/a
RefSeq (mRNA)	n/a	n/a
RefSeq (protein)	n/a	n/a
Location (UCSC)	n/a	n/a
PubMed search	n/a	n/a

Serum response factor (c-fos serum response element-binding transcription factor), also known as SRF, is a transcription factor.

It is a member of the MADS (MCM1, Agamous, Deficiens, and SRF) box superfamily of transcription factors. This protein binds to the serum response element (SRE) in the promoter region of target genes. This protein regulates the activity of many immediate-early genes, for example c-fos, and thereby participates in cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, cell growth, and cell differentiation. This gene is the downstream target of many pathways; for example, the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway (MAPK) that acts through the ternary complex factors (TCFs).

Further reading

• Miano JM (2004). "Serum response factor: toggling between disparate programs of gene expression". J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol. 35 (6): 577–93. PMID 12788374.
• Reason AJ, Morris HR, Panico M; et al. (1992). "Localization of O-GlcNAc modification on the serum response transcription factor". J. Biol. Chem. 267 (24): 16911–21. PMID 1512232.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Janknecht R, Hipskind RA, Houthaeve T; et al. (1992). "Identification of multiple SRF N-terminal phosphorylation sites affecting DNA binding properties". EMBO J. 11 (3): 1045–54. PMID 1547771.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Marais RM, Hsuan JJ, McGuigan C; et al. (1992). "Casein kinase II phosphorylation increases the rate of serum response factor-binding site exchange". EMBO J. 11 (1): 97–105. PMID 1740119.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Manak JR, Prywes R (1991). "Mutation of serum response factor phosphorylation sites and the mechanism by which its DNA-binding activity is increased by casein kinase II". Mol. Cell. Biol. 11 (7): 3652–9. PMID 2046671.
• Norman C, Runswick M, Pollock R, Treisman R (1989). "Isolation and properties of cDNA clones encoding SRF, a transcription factor that binds to the c-fos serum response element". Cell. 55 (6): 989–1003. PMID 3203386.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Price MA, Rogers AE, Treisman R (1995). "Comparative analysis of the ternary complex factors Elk-1, SAP-1a and SAP-2 (ERP/NET)". EMBO J. 14 (11): 2589–601. PMID 7540136.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Bonni A, Ginty DD, Dudek H, Greenberg ME (1995). "Serine 133-phosphorylated CREB induces transcription via a cooperative mechanism that may confer specificity to neurotrophin signals". Mol. Cell. Neurosci. 6 (2): 168–83. doi:10.1006/mcne.1995.1015. PMID 7551568.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Fujii M, Chuhjo T, Minamino T; et al. (1995). "Identification of the Tax interaction region of serum response factor that mediates the aberrant induction of immediate early genes through CArG boxes by HTLV-I Tax". Oncogene. 11 (1): 7–14. PMID 7624133.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Pellegrini L, Tan S, Richmond TJ (1995). "Structure of serum response factor core bound to DNA". Nature. 376 (6540): 490–8. doi:10.1038/376490a0. PMID 7637780.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Liu SH, Peng BH, Ma JT; et al. (1995). "Serum response element associated transcription factors in mouse embryos: serum response factor, YY1, and PEA3 factor". Dev. Genet. 16 (3): 229–40. doi:10.1002/dvg.1020160303. PMID 7796532.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Joliot V, Demma M, Prywes R (1995). "Interaction with RAP74 subunit of TFIIF is required for transcriptional activation by serum response factor". Nature. 373 (6515): 632–5. doi:10.1038/373632a0. PMID 7854423.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Liu SH, Ng SY (1994). "Serum response factor associated ETS proteins: ternary complex factors and PEA3-binding factor". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 201 (3): 1406–13. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1994.1860. PMID 8024585.
• Zhu H, Joliot V, Prywes R (1994). "Role of transcription factor TFIIF in serum response factor-activated transcription". J. Biol. Chem. 269 (5): 3489–97. PMID 8106390.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Janknecht R, Ernst WH, Houthaeve T, Nordheim A (1993). "C-terminal phosphorylation of the serum-response factor". Eur. J. Biochem. 216 (2): 469–75. PMID 8375385.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Liu SH, Ma JT, Yueh AY; et al. (1993). "The carboxyl-terminal transactivation domain of human serum response factor contains DNA-activated protein kinase phosphorylation sites". J. Biol. Chem. 268 (28): 21147–54. PMID 8407951.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Rivera VM, Miranti CK, Misra RP; et al. (1993). "A growth factor-induced kinase phosphorylates the serum response factor at a site that regulates its DNA-binding activity". Mol. Cell. Biol. 13 (10): 6260–73. PMID 8413226.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Magnaghi-Jaulin L, Masutani H, Robin P; et al. (1996). "SRE elements are binding sites for the fusion protein EWS-FLI-1". Nucleic Acids Res. 24 (6): 1052–8. PMID 8604338.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Groisman R, Masutani H, Leibovitch MP; et al. (1996). "Physical interaction between the mitogen-responsive serum response factor and myogenic basic-helix-loop-helix proteins". J. Biol. Chem. 271 (9): 5258–64. PMID 8617811.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Franzoso G, Carlson L, Brown K; et al. (1996). "Activation of the serum response factor by p65/NF-kappaB". EMBO J. 15 (13): 3403–12. PMID 8670842.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)