Peripartum mood disturbances pathophysiology

Jump to navigation Jump to search

Peripartum mood disturbances Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Peripartum mood disturbances from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Study of Choice

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Electrocardiogram

X-ray

Echocardiography and Ultrasound

CT scan

MRI

Other Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Interventions

Surgery

Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

Peripartum mood disturbances pathophysiology On the Web

Most recent articles

Most cited articles

Review articles

CME Programs

Powerpoint slides

Images

American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Peripartum mood disturbances pathophysiology

All Images
X-rays
Echo & Ultrasound
CT Images
MRI

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse

NICE Guidance

FDA on Peripartum mood disturbances pathophysiology

CDC on Peripartum mood disturbances pathophysiology

Peripartum mood disturbances pathophysiology in the news

Blogs on Peripartum mood disturbances pathophysiology

Directions to Hospitals Treating Psoriasis

Risk calculators and risk factors for Peripartum mood disturbances pathophysiology

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sunita Kumawat, M.B.B.S[2]

Overview

Many pathological mechanisms are involved in postpartum depression which interact with one another.

Pathophysiology

Physiology

The normal physiology of [name of process] can be understood as follows:

Pathogenesis


Estrogen receptor alpha gene, polymorphisms in the serotonin transporter gene, 5-HTT, and the gene encoding for MAOA and the gene encoding for Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), Genetic variants for the TPH2 gene, a SNP in OXT was predictive of both variation in breastfeeding duration and postpartum depression scores, an interaction between a SNP in the OXTR gene and methylation state was detected in association with postpartum depression. In a genome-wide linkage and association study, the Hemicentin 1 gene (HMNC1) had the strongest association with postpartum depression.

Glutamate-Glutamate is the excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain. In women with postpartum depression its level are increased in the medial prefrontal cortex and decreased in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex.
Serotonin-The binding of Serotonin to 5HT1A receptors is decreased in the mesiotemporal and anterior cingulate cortices.
Dopamine-Mutations in DR1 is related to the behaviour of mother paying less attention to the baby.

Neuroinflammatory mechanisms in postpartum depression:
There is a negative relationship between T-cell number and postpartum depression symptoms, whereas IL-6 and IL-1β have a significant positive relationship with it.

It is thought that in postpartum psychosis, immunoneuroendocrine set point is dysregulated with overactivation of the immune system's macrophage and monocyte arm. [2]

Genetics

[Disease name] is transmitted in [mode of genetic transmission] pattern.

OR

Genes involved in the pathogenesis of [disease name] include:

  • [Gene1]
  • [Gene2]
  • [Gene3]

OR

The development of [disease name] is the result of multiple genetic mutations such as:

  • [Mutation 1]
  • [Mutation 2]
  • [Mutation 3]

Associated Conditions

Conditions associated with [disease name] include:

  • [Condition 1]
  • [Condition 2]
  • [Condition 3]

Gross Pathology

On gross pathology, [feature1], [feature2], and [feature3] are characteristic findings of [disease name].

Microscopic Pathology

On microscopic histopathological analysis, [feature1], [feature2], and [feature3] are characteristic findings of [disease name].

References

  1. Payne JL, Maguire J (January 2019). "Pathophysiological mechanisms implicated in postpartum depression". Front Neuroendocrinol. 52: 165–180. doi:10.1016/j.yfrne.2018.12.001. PMC 6370514. PMID 30552910.
  2. Davies W (June 2017). "Understanding the pathophysiology of postpartum psychosis: Challenges and new approaches". World J Psychiatry. 7 (2): 77–88. doi:10.5498/wjp.v7.i2.77. PMC 5491479. PMID 28713685.