The protein encoded by this gene is a bZIPtranscription factor which can bind as a homodimer to certain DNA regulatory regions. It can also form heterodimers with the related protein CEBP-δ. The encoded protein may be essential for terminal differentiation and functional maturation of committed granulocyteprogenitor cells. Mutations in this gene have been associated with specific granule deficiency, a rare congenital disorder. Multiple variants of this gene have been described, but the full-length nature of only one has been determined.[1]
↑Antonson P, Stellan B, Yamanaka R, Xanthopoulos KG (Jul 1996). "A novel human CCAAT/enhancer binding protein gene, C/EBPepsilon, is expressed in cells of lymphoid and myeloid lineages and is localized on chromosome 14q11.2 close to the T-cell receptor alpha/delta locus". Genomics. 35 (1): 30–8. doi:10.1006/geno.1996.0319. PMID8661101.
↑Nakajima H, Watanabe N, Shibata F, Kitamura T, Ikeda Y, Handa M (May 2006). "N-terminal region of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein epsilon is critical for cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and functional maturation during myeloid differentiation". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 281 (20): 14494–502. doi:10.1074/jbc.M600575200. PMID16531405.
Further reading
Sladek FM, Darnell JE (Apr 1992). "Mechanisms of liver-specific gene expression". Current Opinion in Genetics & Development. 2 (2): 256–9. doi:10.1016/S0959-437X(05)80282-5. PMID1638120.
Gombart AF, Koeffler HP (Jan 2002). "Neutrophil specific granule deficiency and mutations in the gene encoding transcription factor C/EBP(epsilon)". Current Opinion in Hematology. 9 (1): 36–42. doi:10.1097/00062752-200201000-00007. PMID11753076.
Williams SC, Cantwell CA, Johnson PF (Sep 1991). "A family of C/EBP-related proteins capable of forming covalently linked leucine zipper dimers in vitro". Genes & Development. 5 (9): 1553–67. doi:10.1101/gad.5.9.1553. PMID1884998.
Antonson P, Stellan B, Yamanaka R, Xanthopoulos KG (Jul 1996). "A novel human CCAAT/enhancer binding protein gene, C/EBPepsilon, is expressed in cells of lymphoid and myeloid lineages and is localized on chromosome 14q11.2 close to the T-cell receptor alpha/delta locus". Genomics. 35 (1): 30–8. doi:10.1006/geno.1996.0319. PMID8661101.
Verbeek W, Gombart AF, Chumakov AM, Müller C, Friedman AD, Koeffler HP (May 1999). "C/EBPepsilon directly interacts with the DNA binding domain of c-myb and cooperatively activates transcription of myeloid promoters". Blood. 93 (10): 3327–37. PMID10233885.
Tavor S, Vuong PT, Park DJ, Gombart AF, Cohen AH, Koeffler HP (Mar 2002). "Macrophage functional maturation and cytokine production are impaired in C/EBP epsilon-deficient mice". Blood. 99 (5): 1794–801. doi:10.1182/blood.V99.5.1794. PMID11861297.
Zhang P, Nelson E, Radomska HS, Iwasaki-Arai J, Akashi K, Friedman AD, Tenen DG (Jun 2002). "Induction of granulocytic differentiation by 2 pathways". Blood. 99 (12): 4406–12. doi:10.1182/blood.V99.12.4406. PMID12036869.
Kim J, Cantwell CA, Johnson PF, Pfarr CM, Williams SC (Oct 2002). "Transcriptional activity of CCAAT/enhancer-binding proteins is controlled by a conserved inhibitory domain that is a target for sumoylation". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 277 (41): 38037–44. doi:10.1074/jbc.M207235200. PMID12161447.
Du J, Stankiewicz MJ, Liu Y, Xi Q, Schmitz JE, Lekstrom-Himes JA, Ackerman SJ (Nov 2002). "Novel combinatorial interactions of GATA-1, PU.1, and C/EBPepsilon isoforms regulate transcription of the gene encoding eosinophil granule major basic protein". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 277 (45): 43481–94. doi:10.1074/jbc.M204777200. PMID12202480.
Truong BT, Lee YJ, Lodie TA, Park DJ, Perrotti D, Watanabe N, Koeffler HP, Nakajima H, Tenen DG, Kogan SC (Feb 2003). "CCAAT/Enhancer binding proteins repress the leukemic phenotype of acute myeloid leukemia". Blood. 101 (3): 1141–8. doi:10.1182/blood-2002-05-1374. PMID12393450.
Gombart AF, Kwok SH, Anderson KL, Yamaguchi Y, Torbett BE, Koeffler HP (Apr 2003). "Regulation of neutrophil and eosinophil secondary granule gene expression by transcription factors C/EBP epsilon and PU.1". Blood. 101 (8): 3265–73. doi:10.1182/blood-2002-04-1039. PMID12515729.
Khanna-Gupta A, Zibello T, Sun H, Gaines P, Berliner N (May 2003). "Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) studies indicate a role for CCAAT enhancer binding proteins alpha and epsilon (C/EBP alpha and C/EBP epsilon ) and CDP/cut in myeloid maturation-induced lactoferrin gene expression". Blood. 101 (9): 3460–8. doi:10.1182/blood-2002-09-2767. PMID12522000.
Gery S, Gombart AF, Fung YK, Koeffler HP (Feb 2004). "C/EBPepsilon interacts with retinoblastoma and E2F1 during granulopoiesis". Blood. 103 (3): 828–35. doi:10.1182/blood-2003-01-0159. PMID12947005.
Gery S, Park DJ, Vuong PT, Chih DY, Lemp N, Koeffler HP (Dec 2004). "Retinoic acid regulates C/EBP homologous protein expression (CHOP), which negatively regulates myeloid target genes". Blood. 104 (13): 3911–7. doi:10.1182/blood-2003-10-3688. PMID15308577.