Tremor causes: Difference between revisions
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{{CMG}};{{AE}} [[User:Naresh Mullaguri|Naresh Mullaguri, M.B.B.S.]] [mailto:mullaguri.nari@gmail.com] | {{CMG}};{{AE}} [[User:Naresh Mullaguri|Naresh Mullaguri, M.B.B.S.]] [mailto:mullaguri.nari@gmail.com] | ||
==Causes== | ==Causes== | ||
Tremor is generally caused by problems in parts of the brain or spinal cord that control muscles throughout the body or in particular areas, such as the hands. Neurological disorders or conditions that can produce tremor include [[multiple sclerosis]], [[stroke]], [[traumatic brain injury]] and [[neurodegenerative disease]]s that damage or destroy parts of the [[brainstem]] or the [[cerebellum]]. Other causes include the use of some drugs (such as [[amphetamine]]s, [[caffeine]], [[corticosteroid]]s, and drugs used for certain psychiatric disorders), alcohol abuse or withdrawal, [[mercury poisoning]], overactive [[thyroid]] or [[liver failure]]. Tremors can be an indication of [[hypoglycemia]], along with palpitations, sweating and anxiety. <!-- Biochemistry 3rd ed. Lippinscott illustrated reviews. Champe, Harvey, Ferrier. 2005 (for the last sentence) --> | Tremor<ref name="pmid22772877">{{cite journal |author=Zeuner KE, Deuschl G |title=An update on tremors |journal=Curr. Opin. Neurol. |volume=25 |issue=4 |pages=475–82 |year=2012 |month=August |pmid=22772877 |doi=10.1097/WCO.0b013e3283550c7e |url=}}</ref> is generally caused by problems in parts of the brain or spinal cord that control muscles throughout the body or in particular areas, such as the hands. Neurological disorders or conditions that can produce tremor include [[multiple sclerosis]], [[stroke]], [[traumatic brain injury]] and [[neurodegenerative disease]]s that damage or destroy parts of the [[brainstem]] or the [[cerebellum]]. Other causes include the use of some drugs (such as [[amphetamine]]s, [[caffeine]], [[corticosteroid]]s, and drugs used for certain psychiatric disorders), alcohol abuse or withdrawal, [[mercury poisoning]], overactive [[thyroid]] or [[liver failure]]. Tremors can be an indication of [[hypoglycemia]], along with palpitations, sweating and anxiety. <!-- Biochemistry 3rd ed. Lippinscott illustrated reviews. Champe, Harvey, Ferrier. 2005 (for the last sentence) --> | ||
Tremor can also be caused from lack of [[sleep]], [[vitamin]]s, or having too much [[stress]]. | Tremor can also be caused from lack of [[sleep]], [[vitamin]]s, or having too much [[stress]]. | ||
Deficiencies of magnesium and [[vitamin B1]] have also been known to cause tremor or shaking which resolves when the deficiency is corrected. See [[magnesium in biology]]. | Deficiencies of magnesium and [[vitamin B1]] have also been known to cause tremor or shaking which resolves when the deficiency is corrected. See [[magnesium in biology]]. | ||
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| '''Chemical / poisoning''' | | '''Chemical / poisoning''' | ||
|bgcolor="Beige"| 2,4-Dichlorophenol, 3-Aminopyridine, [[4-Aminopyridine]], Acetylene Dichloride, Acidic dry cell batteries, [[Acrylamide]], Agrocide, Agronexit, [[Amidithion]],[[Amiton]], Aparasin, Aphtiria, [[Athyl-gusathion]], [[Azinfos-methyl]], [[Azinfosethyl]], [[Azinophos-methyl]], [[Azinphos]], [[Azinphos-ethyl]],[[Azinphos-methyl]], [[Azinphosmetile]], [[Azothoate]], Ben-Hex, Benhexol, [[Benoxafos]], Bexol, [[Biphenyl]], [[Bromide]], [[Bromoform]], [[Bromophos]], [[Bromophos-ethyl]], [[Cadusafos]], [[Carbinoxamine]], [[Carbon disulfide]], [[Carbon tetrachloride]], [[Carbophenothion]], [[Chlordane]], Chlordecone, Chloresene, [[Chlorfenvinphos]], [[Chloromethane]], [[Chloropyrifos]], [[Chlorpyrifos methyl]], [[Cresols]], [[Cresylic acid]], [[Cyanthoate]],[[Phenothrin]], [[DDD]], [[DDT]], [[Demeton]], [[Demeton-methyl]], [[Demeton-O]], [[Demeton-O-methyl]], [[Demeton-S-methyl]], [[Demeton-S-methylsulphon]], [[Dialifos]], [[Diazinon]], [[Diborane]], [[Dichlorvos]], [[Dimethoate]], [[Dioxathion]], Diquat dibromide, [[Disulfiram]][[Disulfoton]], [[Endosulfan]], [[Endothion]], [[Epichlorohydrin]], [[Ethion]], [[Ethoate-methyl]], [[Ethoprophos]], Ethyl mercaptan, [[Ethyl-guthion]], [[Ethylbenzene]], [[Ethylene Dichloride]], [[Etrimfos]], [[Fenchlorphos]], [[Fenitrothion]], [[Fensulfothion]], [[Fenthion]], [[Fipronil]], Fluoridated toothpaste, [[Fonophos]], [[Formothion]], [[Gasoline]], [[Glaze]], [[Glufosinate]], [[Glycol Ether]], [[Guthion (ethyl)]], [[Heptachlor]], [[Heptenophos]], [[Iodofenphos]], [[Lindane]], [[Malathion]], [[Manganese]], [[Mecarbam]], [[Metaldehyde]], [[Methacrifos]], [[Methamidophos]], [[Methidathion]], [[Methylene chloride]], [[Metiltriazotion]], [[Mevinphos]], [[Monocrotophos]], Monosodium methanarsenate, [[Omethoate]], [[Oxydeprofos]], [[Oxydisulfoton]], [[Parathion]], [[Parathion Methyl]], [[Phenkapton]], [[Phenol]], [[Phorate]], [[Phosalone]], [[Phosmet]], [[Phosphamidon]], [[Phosphine]], [[Phoxim]], [[Pirimiphos-methyl]], [[Primiphos methyl]], [[Prothidathion]], [[Prothoate]], [[Pyrethrin]], [[Pyrimitate]], [[Quinalphos]], [[Quintiofos]], [[RDX]], [[Rotenone]], [[Sophamide]], [[Sulfotep]], [[Sulfuryl Fluoride]], [[Terbufos]], [[Tetrachloroethane]], [[Thallium]], [[Thallium Sulfate]], [[Thiometon]], [[Tolclofos methyl]], [[Toxaphene]], [[Triazophos]], [[Triazotion]], [[Trichloroethylene]], [[Trifenfos]], [[Vamidothion]], [[Wilson's disease]] | |bgcolor="Beige"| 2,4-Dichlorophenol, 3-Aminopyridine, [[4-Aminopyridine]], Acetylene Dichloride, Acidic dry cell batteries, [[Acrylamide]], Agrocide, Agronexit, [[Alcohol]], [[Amidithion]],[[Amiton]], Aparasin, Aphtiria, [[Arsenic poisoning]], [[Athyl-gusathion]], [[Azinfos-methyl]], [[Azinfosethyl]], [[Azinophos-methyl]], [[Azinphos]], [[Azinphos-ethyl]],[[Azinphos-methyl]], [[Azinphosmetile]], [[Azothoate]], Ben-Hex, Benhexol, [[Benoxafos]], Bexol, [[Biphenyl]], [[Bromide]], [[Bromoform]], [[Bromophos]], [[Bromophos-ethyl]], [[Cadusafos]], Caffeine poisoning, [[Carbinoxamine]], [[Carbon disulfide]], [[Carbon tetrachloride]], [[Carbophenothion]], [[Chlordane]], Chlordecone, Chloresene, [[Chlorfenvinphos]], [[Chloromethane]], [[Chloropyrifos]], [[Chlorpyrifos methyl]], [[Cresols]], [[Cresylic acid]], [[Cyanthoate]],[[Phenothrin]], [[DDD]], [[DDT]], [[Demeton]], [[Demeton-methyl]], [[Demeton-O]], [[Demeton-O-methyl]], [[Demeton-S-methyl]], [[Demeton-S-methylsulphon]], [[Dialifos]], [[Diazinon]], [[Diborane]], [[Dichlorvos]], [[Dimethoate]], [[Dioxathion]], Diquat dibromide, [[Disulfiram]][[Disulfoton]], [[Endosulfan]], [[Endothion]], [[Epichlorohydrin]], [[Ethion]], [[Ethoate-methyl]], [[Ethoprophos]], Ethyl mercaptan, [[Ethyl-guthion]], [[Ethylbenzene]], [[Ethylene Dichloride]], [[Etrimfos]], [[Fenchlorphos]], [[Fenitrothion]], [[Fensulfothion]], [[Fenthion]], [[Fipronil]], Fluoridated toothpaste, [[Fonophos]], Food additives - MSG, salicylate, sulfite, [[Formothion]], [[Gasoline]], [[Glaze]], [[Glufosinate]], [[Glycol Ether]], [[Guthion (ethyl)]], [[Heptachlor]], [[Heptenophos]], [[Iodofenphos]], [[Lead]], [[Lindane]], Lobelia poisoning, [[Malathion]], [[Manganese]], [[Mecarbam]], [[Metaldehyde]], [[Methacrifos]], [[Methamidophos]], [[Methidathion]], [[Methylene chloride]], [[Metiltriazotion]], [[Mevinphos]], [[Mercury poisoning]], Mescal poisoning, [[Minamata disease]], [[Monocrotophos]], Monosodium methanarsenate, [[Nicotine poisoning]], [[Organophosphate insecticide poisoning]], [[Omethoate]], [[Oxydeprofos]], [[Oxydisulfoton]], [[Parathion]], [[Parathion Methyl]], [[Phenkapton]], [[Phenol]], [[Phorate]], [[Phosalone]], [[Phosmet]], [[Phosphamidon]], [[Phosphine]], [[Phoxim]], [[Pirimiphos-methyl]], [[Primiphos methyl]], [[Prothidathion]], [[Prothoate]], [[Pyrethrin]], [[Pyrimitate]], [[Quinalphos]], [[Quintiofos]], [[RDX]], [[Rotenone]], [[Selenium]] poisoning, Sea Hare poisoning, [[Sophamide]], [[Sulfotep]], [[Sulfuryl Fluoride]], [[Terbufos]], [[Tetrachloroethane]], [[Thallium]], [[Thallium Sulfate]], [[Thiometon]], [[Tolclofos methyl]], [[Toxaphene]], [[Triazophos]], [[Triazotion]], [[Trichloroethylene]], [[Trifenfos]], Tubatoxin poisoning, [[Vamidothion]], [[Wilson's disease]] | ||
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| '''Drug Side Effect''' | | '''Drug Side Effect''' | ||
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Amiodarone]], [[Amphetamine]], [[Disulfiram ]], [[Dobutamine]], [[Dopamine]], [[Dopexamine]], [[Ephedrine]], [[Epinephrine]], [[Haloperidol]], Margosa oil, [[Black Cohosh]], [[Peppermint]] Oil, Sabah vegetable, [[Isoprenaline]], [[Lidocaine]], [[Norepinephrine]], [[Phenylephrine]], [[Reproterol]], [[Salbutamol]], [[Tacrolimus]], [[Trifluperidol]], [[Valproic acid]], [[Xamoterol]] | |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Amiodarone]], [[Amphetamine]], [[Disulfiram ]], [[Dobutamine]], [[Dopamine]], [[Dopexamine]], [[Ephedrine]], [[Epinephrine]], [[Haloperidol]]<ref name="pmid22728308">{{cite journal |author=Collins-Praino LE, Podurgiel SJ, Kovner R, Randall PA, Salamone JD |title=Extracellular GABA in globus pallidus increases during the induction of oral tremor by haloperidol but not by muscarinic receptor stimulation |journal=Behav. Brain Res. |volume=234 |issue=1 |pages=129–35 |year=2012 |month=September |pmid=22728308 |doi=10.1016/j.bbr.2012.06.011 |url=}}</ref>, Margosa oil, [[Black Cohosh]], [[Peppermint]] Oil, Sabah vegetable, [[Isoprenaline]], [[Lidocaine]]<ref name="pmid22749556">{{cite journal |author=Diaz J, Bernasinski M, Malinovsky JM |title=[Reversal of neurologic symptoms related to lidocaine toxicity with a lipid emulsion administration] |language=French |journal=Ann Fr Anesth Reanim |volume=31 |issue=7-8 |pages=647 |year=2012 |pmid=22749556 |doi=10.1016/j.annfar.2012.05.001 |url=}}</ref>, [[Norepinephrine]], [[Phenylephrine]], [[Reproterol]], [[Salbutamol]], [[Tacrolimus]], [[Trifluperidol]], [[Valproic acid]], [[Xamoterol]] | ||
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| '''Neurologic''' | | '''Neurologic''' | ||
|bgcolor="Beige"| Alcoholic cerebellar degeneration, Alcoholic [[intoxication]], [[Alzheimer's disease]], [[Amyloidosis, oculoleptomeningeal ]], Aniridia cerebellar ataxia mental deficiency, [[Anxiety]], [[Basal ganglia calcification]], Benign [[essential tremor]], [[Bovine spongiform encephalopathy]], Brain Fag syndrome, Central nervous system protozoal infections, Cerebellar degeneration, Cerebellar disease, [[Cerebrovascular accident]], [[Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease]], [[Dementia With Lewy Bodies]], Diencephalic syndrome, Drug-induced parkinsonism, Dystonia 1, torsion, autosomal dominant, Dystonia Musculorum Deformans, [[Dystonia]], [[Essential tremor]], [[Fatal familial insomnia]], [[Friedreich ataxia]], [[Frontotemporal dementia]], [[Huntington's Disease]], Idiopathic dystonia DYT1, [[Parkinson's disease]], [[Krabbe leukodystrophy]], Leukoencephalopathy -- metaphyseal chondrodysplasia, [[Meningoencephalitis]], Mental retardation, X-linked, Cabezas type, [[Metabolic encephalopathy]], [[Metachromatic leukodystrophy]], [[Multiple sclerosis]], [[Multiple system atrophy]], [[Myoclonic epilepsy]] benign, Neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease, [[Neurosyphilis]], Normokalemic [[periodic paralysis]], [[Olivopontocerebellar Atrophy]], Oppenheim's dystonia, Pallidopyramidal syndrome, [[Parkinsonism]], [[Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease]], [[Pick's disease of the brain]], Spastic paraparesis deafness, [[Spinocerebellar ataxia]] | |bgcolor="Beige"| Alcoholic cerebellar degeneration, Alcoholic [[intoxication]], [[Alzheimer's disease]], [[Amyloidosis, oculoleptomeningeal ]], Aniridia cerebellar ataxia mental deficiency, [[Anxiety]], [[Basal ganglia calcification]], Benign [[essential tremor]], [[Bovine spongiform encephalopathy]], Brain Fag syndrome, Central nervous system protozoal infections, Cerebellar degeneration, Cerebellar disease, [[Cerebrovascular accident]], [[Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease]], [[Dementia With Lewy Bodies]], Diencephalic syndrome, Drug-induced parkinsonism, Dystonia 1, torsion, autosomal dominant, Dystonia Musculorum Deformans, [[Dystonia]], [[Essential tremor]], [[Fatal familial insomnia]], [[Friedreich ataxia]], [[Frontotemporal dementia]], [[Huntington's Disease]], Idiopathic dystonia DYT1, [[Parkinson's disease]], [[Krabbe leukodystrophy]], Leukoencephalopathy -- metaphyseal chondrodysplasia, [[Meningoencephalitis]], Mental retardation, X-linked, Cabezas type, [[Metabolic encephalopathy]], [[Metachromatic leukodystrophy]], [[Multiple sclerosis]]<ref name="pmid22698481">{{cite journal |author=Karmon Y, Morrow SA, Weinstock A, Hojnacki D, Weinstock-Guttman B |title=Limb ataxia originating from peri-central sulcus demyelinating lesion in multiple sclerosis |journal=J. Neurol. Sci. |volume=320 |issue=1-2 |pages=136–40 |year=2012 |month=September |pmid=22698481 |doi=10.1016/j.jns.2012.05.039 |url=}}</ref>, [[Multiple system atrophy]], [[Myoclonic epilepsy]] benign, Neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease, [[Neurosyphilis]], Normokalemic [[periodic paralysis]], [[Olivopontocerebellar Atrophy]], Oppenheim's dystonia, Pallidopyramidal syndrome, [[Parkinsonism]], [[Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease]], [[Pick's disease of the brain]], Spastic paraparesis deafness, [[Spinocerebellar ataxia]] | ||
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| '''Overdose / Toxicity''' | | '''Overdose / Toxicity''' | ||
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Dexedrine]], [[Methamphetamine]], [[Lithium toxicity]] | |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Dexedrine]], [[Methamphetamine]], [[Lithium toxicity]]<ref name="pmid22508354">{{cite journal |author=Bogers CH, Boshuisen ML, Kok JS, Knegtering H |title=[Neurotoxicity in elderly patients being treated with lithium: is there a reason to adjust the dosage administered?] |language=Dutch; Flemish |journal=Tijdschr Psychiatr |volume=54 |issue=4 |pages=359–69 |year=2012 |pmid=22508354 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
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| '''Miscellaneous''' | | '''Miscellaneous''' | ||
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Shy-Drager syndrome]], [[Senile]], Roussy-Levy syndrome, Salvioli syndrome, [[Wolfram syndrome]], Primary orthostatic tremor, Physiologic tremor, Lindsay-Burn syndrome, Lhermitte-McAlpine syndrome, [[Kennedy's disease]], [[Hypothermia]], [[Da Costa's syndrome]], Combarros Calleja Leno syndrome, [[Cockayne syndrome]] | |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Shy-Drager syndrome]], [[Senile]], Roussy-Levy syndrome, Salvioli syndrome, [[Wolfram syndrome]], Primary orthostatic tremor<ref name="pmid22764256">{{cite journal |author=Virmani T, Louis ED, Waters C, Pullman SL |title=Familial orthostatic tremor: an additional report in siblings |journal=Neurology |volume=79 |issue=3 |pages=288–9 |year=2012 |month=July |pmid=22764256 |doi=10.1212/WNL.0b013e31825fdfb3 |url=}}</ref>, Physiologic tremor, Lindsay-Burn syndrome, Lhermitte-McAlpine syndrome, [[Kennedy's disease]], [[Hypothermia]], [[Da Costa's syndrome]], Combarros Calleja Leno syndrome, [[Cockayne syndrome]] | ||
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Revision as of 14:18, 1 February 2013
Tremor Microchapters |
Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
Case Studies |
Tremor causes On the Web |
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Tremor causes |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Naresh Mullaguri, M.B.B.S. [2]
Causes
Tremor[1] is generally caused by problems in parts of the brain or spinal cord that control muscles throughout the body or in particular areas, such as the hands. Neurological disorders or conditions that can produce tremor include multiple sclerosis, stroke, traumatic brain injury and neurodegenerative diseases that damage or destroy parts of the brainstem or the cerebellum. Other causes include the use of some drugs (such as amphetamines, caffeine, corticosteroids, and drugs used for certain psychiatric disorders), alcohol abuse or withdrawal, mercury poisoning, overactive thyroid or liver failure. Tremors can be an indication of hypoglycemia, along with palpitations, sweating and anxiety. Tremor can also be caused from lack of sleep, vitamins, or having too much stress. Deficiencies of magnesium and vitamin B1 have also been known to cause tremor or shaking which resolves when the deficiency is corrected. See magnesium in biology. Some forms of tremor are inherited and run in families, while others have no known cause. Tremors can also be caused by some spider bites i.e. the redback spider of Australia.
Tremor can result from other conditions as well. Alcoholism, excessive alcohol consumption, or alcohol withdrawal can kill certain nerve cells, resulting a tremor known as asterixis. Conversely, small amounts of alcohol may help to decrease familial and essential tremor, but the mechanism behind this is unknown. Tremor in peripheral neuropathy may occur when the nerves that supply the body’s muscles are traumatized by injury, disease, abnormality in the central nervous system, or as the result of systemic illnesses. Peripheral neuropathy can affect the whole body or certain areas, such as the hands, and may be progressive. Resulting sensory loss may be seen as a tremor or ataxia (inability to coordinate voluntary muscle movement) of the affected limbs and problems with gait and balance. Clinical characteristics may be similar to those seen in patients with essential tremor.
Common Causes
Causes by Organ systems
Causes in Alphabetical order
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References
- ↑ Zeuner KE, Deuschl G (2012). "An update on tremors". Curr. Opin. Neurol. 25 (4): 475–82. doi:10.1097/WCO.0b013e3283550c7e. PMID 22772877. Unknown parameter
|month=
ignored (help) - ↑ Collins-Praino LE, Podurgiel SJ, Kovner R, Randall PA, Salamone JD (2012). "Extracellular GABA in globus pallidus increases during the induction of oral tremor by haloperidol but not by muscarinic receptor stimulation". Behav. Brain Res. 234 (1): 129–35. doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2012.06.011. PMID 22728308. Unknown parameter
|month=
ignored (help) - ↑ Diaz J, Bernasinski M, Malinovsky JM (2012). "[Reversal of neurologic symptoms related to lidocaine toxicity with a lipid emulsion administration]". Ann Fr Anesth Reanim (in French). 31 (7–8): 647. doi:10.1016/j.annfar.2012.05.001. PMID 22749556.
- ↑ Karmon Y, Morrow SA, Weinstock A, Hojnacki D, Weinstock-Guttman B (2012). "Limb ataxia originating from peri-central sulcus demyelinating lesion in multiple sclerosis". J. Neurol. Sci. 320 (1–2): 136–40. doi:10.1016/j.jns.2012.05.039. PMID 22698481. Unknown parameter
|month=
ignored (help) - ↑ Bogers CH, Boshuisen ML, Kok JS, Knegtering H (2012). "[Neurotoxicity in elderly patients being treated with lithium: is there a reason to adjust the dosage administered?]". Tijdschr Psychiatr (in Dutch; Flemish). 54 (4): 359–69. PMID 22508354.
- ↑ Virmani T, Louis ED, Waters C, Pullman SL (2012). "Familial orthostatic tremor: an additional report in siblings". Neurology. 79 (3): 288–9. doi:10.1212/WNL.0b013e31825fdfb3. PMID 22764256. Unknown parameter
|month=
ignored (help) - ↑ Chemaly RE, Moussalli AS (2012). "Parkinsonian syndrome as a complication of systemic lupus erythematosus. Report of a case and review of the literature". J Med Liban. 60 (2): 103–5. PMID 22919866.