Acute renal failure causes: Difference between revisions
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===Causes in Alphabetical Order=== | |||
{{MultiCol}} | |||
[[Automobile exhaust]] | |||
[[Bacitracin]] | |||
[[Bismuth]] | |||
[[Blood transfusion and complications]] | |||
[[Boutonneuse fever]] | |||
[[Bruch's disease]] | |||
[[Cadmium]] | |||
[[Capillary leak syndrome with monoclonal gammopathy]] | |||
[[Capreomycin sulfate]] | |||
[[Carbon tetrachloride]] | |||
[[Carmustine]] | |||
[[Caterpillar-induced bleeding syndrome]] | |||
[[Cephaloridine]] | |||
[[Chloroform]] | |||
[[Chlortetracycline]] | |||
[[Cholesterol embolism]] | |||
[[Chromium]] | |||
[[Cidofovir]] | |||
[[Cisplatin]] | |||
[[Clostridium tetani]] | |||
[[Conor's disease]] | |||
[[Copper]] | |||
[[Crush syndrome]] | |||
[[Cyclophosphamide]] | |||
[[Cyclosporin]] | |||
[[Degreasing solvents]] | |||
[[Dehydration]] | |||
[[Dermatomyositis]] | |||
[[Diethylene glycol]] | |||
[[Dioxane]] | |||
[[Diphtheria]] | |||
[[Disseminated intravascular coagulation]] | |||
[[Eclampsia]] | |||
[[Ehrlichiosis]] | |||
[[Epidemic dropsy]] | |||
[[Erythroderma]] | |||
[[Escherichia coli O157:H7]] | |||
[[Ethylene glycol]] | |||
[[Gallium nitrate]] | |||
[[Gasoline]] | |||
[[Germanium]] | |||
[[Glue solvent vapors]] | |||
[[Gold]] | |||
[[Hairdressing solvents]] | |||
[[Hantavirus]] | |||
[[Heat stroke]] | |||
[[Hemolytic uremic syndrome]] | |||
[[Hemorragic fever with renal syndrome]] | |||
[[Hepatorenal syndrome]] | |||
[[Herbicide]] | |||
[[Hexachloro-1,3-butadiene]] | |||
[[Hyperosmolar non-ketotic diabetic coma]] | |||
[[Hyperuricemia]] | |||
[[Ibuprofen]] | |||
{{ColBreak}} | |||
[[Ifosfamide]] | |||
[[India tick typhus]] | |||
[[Indian tick fever]] | |||
[[Israeli spotted fever]] | |||
[[Kenya fever]] | |||
[[Kenya tick typhus]] | |||
[[Lead]] | |||
[[Leptospirosis]] | |||
[[Lithium]] | |||
[[Lomustine]] | |||
[[Malignant hypertension]] | |||
[[Marseilles fever]] | |||
[[McArdle disease]] | |||
[[Mediterranean spotted fever]] | |||
[[Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis]] | |||
[[Mercury]] | |||
[[Mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis]] | |||
[[Methanol]] | |||
[[Methemoglobin-producing agents]] | |||
[[Methicillin]] | |||
[[Methotrexate]] | |||
[[Mithramycin]] | |||
[[Neomycin]] | |||
[[Nitrosourea compounds]] | |||
[[Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs]] | |||
[[Oxytetracycline]] | |||
[[Paint solvents]] | |||
[[Paint thinners]] | |||
[[Paints]] | |||
[[Para-amino salicylic acid]] | |||
[[Paraquat ochratoxin A]] | |||
[[Perchloroethylene]] | |||
[[Pesticide solvents]] | |||
[[Pesticides]] | |||
[[Phosphine poisoning ]] | |||
[[Platinum]] | |||
[[Polymyxin]] | |||
[[Polymyxin B]] | |||
[[Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis]] | |||
[[Pre-eclampsia]] | |||
[[Prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors]] | |||
[[Radiocontrast agents]] | |||
[[Renal artery stenosis]] | |||
[[Rhabdomyolysis]] | |||
[[Rifampin]] | |||
[[Shock]] | |||
[[Silica]] | |||
[[Silver]] | |||
[[Styrene]] | |||
[[Sulphinpyrazone]] | |||
[[Sulphonamides]] | |||
[[Surgery complication]] | |||
[[Thallium]] | |||
[[Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura]] | |||
[[Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura]] | |||
[[Toluene]] | |||
[[Toxic shock syndrome]] | |||
[[Trichloroacetylene]] | |||
[[Trichloroethane]] | |||
[[Trichloroethylene]] | |||
[[Trimethropin]] | |||
[[Tumor lysis syndrome]] | |||
[[Type V Glycogen Storage Disease]] | |||
[[Uranium]] | |||
[[Vancomycin]] | |||
[[Zinc overdose]] | |||
{{EndMultiCol}} | |||
==References== | ==References== |
Revision as of 05:20, 25 December 2012
Acute renal failure Microchapters |
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Acute renal failure causes On the Web |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Causes
Acute renal failure is usually categorised (as in the flowchart below) according to pre-renal, renal and post-renal causes.
Acute Renal Failure | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pre-renal | Renal | Post-renal | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pre-renal (compromise in the renal blood flow)
- Hypovolemia (decreased blood volume) -
- Shock, hemorrhage, burns, dehydration
- Fluid loss from diuretics use, diabetes mellitus, hypoadrenalism
- Gastrointestinal fluid loss: vomiting, surgical drainage, diarrhea
- Extra-vascular space sequestration: pancreatitis, hypoalbuminemia, peritonitis, trauma, burns
- Low cardiac output -
- Cardiac arrhthymia's
- Congestive heart failure: left ventricular failure, right ventricular failure
- Valvular disorders: severe aortic stenosis
- Severe pulmonary hypertension, massive pulmonary emobolism
- Systemic vasodilatation -
- Hepatorenal syndrome in which renal perfusion is compromised in liver failure (cirrhosis with ascites)
- Vascular problems -
- Atheroembolic disease
- Renal vein thrombosis (which can occur as a complication of the nephrotic syndrome)
- Renal hypoperfusion from cyclooxygenase inhibitors, ACE inhibitors
- Renal vasoconstriction from hypercalcemia, cyclosporine, tacrolimus and amphotericin B
- Hyperviscosity syndrome -
Renal (damage to the kidney itself)
- Diseases affecting the renal vasculature -
- Renal arterial obstruction: atherosclerosis, dissecting aneurysm, thrombosis, embolism
- Renal venous obstruction: thrombosis of the veins
- Diseases affecting the renal glomeruli -
- Glomerulonephritis, which may be due to a variety of causes, such as anti glomerular basement membrane disease/ Goodpasture's syndrome, Wegener's granulomatosis or acute lupus nephritis with systemic lupus erythematosus
- Vasculitis
- Accelerated hypertension
- Hemolytic uremic syndrome
- Acute tubular necrosis from
- Ischemia - Same causes as for pre-renal failure
- Toxins - Radiocontrast agents, aminoglycosides, cisplatin, acetaminophen, myoglobin from rhabdomyolysis, hemosiderin from hemolysis, light chain immunoglobulins in multiple myeloma, uric acid crystals, etc.
- Interstitial nephritis
- Infections: Acute pyelonephritis, cytomegalovirus infection, etc.
- Allergic: Penicillin's, sulphonamides, rifampin, diuretics, ACE inhibitors
- Infiltration: Malignancies (leukemias and lymphoma's)
- Graft rejection
Post-renal (obstructive causes in the urinary tract)
Due to:
- Ureteric:
- Ureteric calculi
- Blood clot
- Sloughed renal pappilae
- External compression (retroperitoneal fibrosis)
- Bladder:
- Medication interfering with normal bladder emptying
- Neurogenic bladder
- Benign prostatic hypertrophy or prostate cancer.
- Urethal:
- Obstructed urinary catheter
- Urethral strictures
- Phimosis
- Posterior urethral valve
Complete list of Causes by Organ System
Cardiovascular | Malignant hypertension, Systemic hypertension |
Chemical / poisoning | |
Dermatologic | No underlying causes |
Drug Side Effect | |
Ear Nose Throat | No underlying causes |
Endocrine | No underlying causes |
Environmental | No underlying causes |
Gastroenterologic | No underlying causes |
Genetic | |
Hematologic | |
Iatrogenic | No underlying causes |
Infectious Disease | |
Musculoskeletal / Ortho | |
Neurologic | No underlying causes |
Nutritional / Metabolic | |
Obstetric/Gynecologic | No underlying causes |
Oncologic | |
Opthalmologic | No underlying causes |
Overdose / Toxicity | No underlying causes |
Psychiatric | No underlying causes |
Pulmonary | |
Renal / Electrolyte | |
Rheum / Immune / Allergy | |
Sexual | |
Trauma | No underlying causes |
Urologic | Obstructive uropathy, Reflux nephropathy, Hydronephrosis |
Dental | No underlying causes |
Miscellaneous |
Causes in Alphabetical Order