Fasciculation: Difference between revisions
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Revision as of 20:21, 30 January 2017
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Luke Rusowicz-Orazem, B.S.
Overview
A fasciculation (or "muscle twitch") is a small, local, involuntary muscle contraction (twitching) visible under the skin arising from the spontaneous discharge of a bundle of skeletal muscle fibers. Fasciculations have a variety of causes, the majority of which are benign, but can also be due to disease of the motor neurons.
Causes[1]
Life Threatening Causes
- Benzodiazepine withdrawal
- Dehydration
- Donepezil toxicity
- Multiple sclerosis
- Organophosphate poisoning
- Quaternary syphilis
- Renal disease
- Tacrine toxicity
Common Causes
- Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
- Bell palsy
- Brown-vialetto-van laere syndrome,
- Central pontine myelinosis
- Fatigue
- Friedreich ataxia
- Guillain-barre syndrome
- Hereditary sensorimotor neuropathy type 1
- Infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy
- Isaac syndrome,
- Kennedy disease
- Motor neuron disease
- Multifocal motor neuropathy
- Multiple sclerosis
- Myasthenia gravis
- Neuromyotonia
- Neuropathy
- Peripheral neuropathy
- Poliomyelitis
- Posterior inferior cerebellar artery syndrome
- Postpoliomyelitis syndrome
- Progressive bulbar palsy
- Progressive muscular atrophy,
- Spinal muscular atrophy
- Spinocerebellar ataxia
- Subacute combined degeneration of the cord
- Transverse myelitis
- Welander distal myopathy
- Werdnig-hoffman disease
Causes by Organ System
Causes in Alphabetical Order
Treatment
Inadequate magnesium intake can cause fasciculations, especially after a magnesium loss due to severe diarrhea. Over-exertion is another risk factor for magnesium loss. As much as 80% of the population does not get the recommended daily amount of magnesium; this may be a common cause. Treatment is with supplements or increased intake of foods rich in magnesium, especially almonds & other nuts, and bananas. Ironically, magnesium supplements may result in diarrhea and more magnesium loss, so dosage and timing (i.e. with meals) are important.
Fasciculation also often occurs during a rest period after sustained stress, such as that brought on by unconsciously tense muscles. Reducing stress and anxiety is therefore another useful treatment.
References
- ↑ Blexrud MD, Windebank AJ, Daube JR (1993). "Long-term follow-up of 121 patients with benign fasciculations". Ann. Neurol. 34 (4): 622–5. doi:10.1002/ana.410340419. PMID 8215252.
Template:Skin and subcutaneous tissue symptoms and signs Template:Nervous and musculoskeletal system symptoms and signs Template:Urinary system symptoms and signs Template:Cognition, perception, emotional state and behaviour symptoms and signs Template:Speech and voice symptoms and signs Template:General symptoms and signs