Hepatocyte Growth Factor

Hepatocyte growth factor (hepapoietin A; scatter factor)
PDB rendering based on 1bht.
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: Template:Homologene2PDBe PDBe, Template:Homologene2uniprot RCSB List of PDB id codes 1bht​, 1gmn​, 1gmo​, 1gp9​, 1nk1​, 1shy​, 1si5​, 2hgf​
Identifiers
Symbols	HGF ; F-TCF; HGFB; HPTA; SF
External IDs	Template:OMIM5 Template:MGI HomoloGene: 503
Gene ontology Molecular function Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Cellular component Template:GNF GO Biological process Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Template:GNF Ortholog box
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	n/a	n/a
Ensembl	n/a	n/a
UniProt	n/a	n/a
RefSeq (mRNA)	n/a	n/a
RefSeq (protein)	n/a	n/a
Location (UCSC)	n/a	n/a
PubMed search	n/a	n/a

Hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor (HGF/SF) is a paracrine cellular growth, motility and morphogenic factor. It is secreted by mesenchymal cells and targets and acts primarily upon epithelial cells and endothelial cells, but also acts on haemopoietic progenitor cells. It has been shown to have a major role in embryonic organ development, in adult organ regeneration and in wound healing.

Hepatocyte growth factor regulates cell growth, cell motility, and morphogenesis by activating a tyrosine kinase signaling cascade after binding to the proto-oncogenic c-Met receptor. Hepatocyte growth factor is secreted by mesenchymal cells and acts as a multi-functional cytokine on cells of mainly epithelial origin. Its ability to stimulate mitogenesis, cell motility, and matrix invasion gives it a central role in angiogenesis, tumorogenesis, and tissue regeneration. It is secreted as a single inactive polypeptide and is cleaved by serine proteases into a 69-kDa alpha-chain and 34-kDa beta-chain. A disulfide bond between the alpha and beta chains produces the active, heterodimeric molecule. The protein belongs to the plasminogen subfamily of S1 peptidases but has no detectable protease activity. Alternative splicing of this gene produces multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms.

Further reading

• Nakamura T (1992). "Structure and function of hepatocyte growth factor". Prog. Growth Factor Res. 3 (1): 67–85. PMID 1838014.
• Ware LB, Matthay MA (2002). "Keratinocyte and hepatocyte growth factors in the lung: roles in lung development, inflammation, and repair". Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell Mol. Physiol. 282 (5): L924–40. doi:10.1152/ajplung.00439.2001. PMID 11943656.
• Funakoshi H, Nakamura T (2003). "Hepatocyte growth factor: from diagnosis to clinical applications". Clin. Chim. Acta. 327 (1–2): 1–23. PMID 12482615.
• Skibinski G (2004). "The role of hepatocyte growth factor/c-met interactions in the immune system". Arch. Immunol. Ther. Exp. (Warsz.). 51 (5): 277–82. PMID 14626426.
• Kalluri R, Neilson EG (2004). "Epithelial-mesenchymal transition and its implications for fibrosis". J. Clin. Invest. 112 (12): 1776–84. doi:10.1172/JCI200320530. PMID 14679171.
• Hurle RA, Davies G, Parr C; et al. (2006). "Hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor and prostate cancer: a review". Histol. Histopathol. 20 (4): 1339–49. PMID 16136515.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Kemp LE, Mulloy B, Gherardi E (2006). "Signalling by HGF/SF and Met: the role of heparan sulphate co-receptors". Biochem. Soc. Trans. 34 (Pt 3): 414–7. doi:10.1042/BST0340414. PMID 16709175.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)

See also

• growth factor
• hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR)

External links

• Hepatocyte+growth+factor at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)