African trypanosomiasis natural history, complications and prognosis

African trypanosomiasis Microchapters
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Pilar Almonacid

Natural History

Without treatment, the disease is fatal, with progressive mental deterioration leading to coma and death. Damage caused in the neurological phase is irreversible.

Complications

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Prognosis

Without treatment, death may occur within 6 months from cardiac failure or from rhodesiense infection itself. Gambiense infection causes the classic "sleeping sickness" disease and gets worse more quickly, often over a few weeks. Both diseases should be treated immediately.