African trypanosomiasis classification

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aditya Ganti M.B.B.S. [2]

Overview

African trypanosomiasis can be classified based upon the pathogen and geographic location into two types: East African trypanosomiasis and West African trypanosomiasis.[1]

Classification

African trypanosomiasis can be classified based upon the pathogen and geographic location into two types: East African trypanosomiasis and West African trypanosomiasis.

Disease Pathogen Geographic

distribution

Progression Symptoms
First stage Second stage
East African sleeping sickness Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense East and Southeast Africa Rapid

(1-2 weeks)

West African sleeping sickness Trypanosoma brucei gambiense West and Central Africa Slow

(1-2 years)

  • Personality changes, daytime sleepiness with nighttime sleep disturbance, and progressive confusion
  • Other neurologic signs, such as partial paralysis or problems with balance or walking may occur, as well as hormonal imbalances
  • The course of untreated infection rarely lasts longer than 6-7 years and more often kills in about 3 years.

References

  1. Picozzi K, Fèvre EM, Odiit M, Carrington M, Eisler MC, Maudlin I, Welburn SC (2005). "Sleeping sickness in Uganda: a thin line between two fatal diseases". BMJ. 331 (7527): 1238–41. doi:10.1136/bmj.331.7527.1238. PMC 1289320. PMID 16308383.