Parvalbumin
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| parvalbumin
| |
| Identifiers | |
| Symbol | PVALB |
| Entrez | 5816 |
| HUGO | 9704 |
| OMIM | 168890 |
| RefSeq | NM_002854 |
| UniProt | P20472 |
| Other data | |
| Locus | Chr. 22 q12-q13.1 |
Parvalbumin is a calcium binding albumin protein.
It has three EF hand motifs and is structurally related to calmodulin and troponin C. Parvalbumin is localised in fast-contracting muscles, where its levels are highest, and in the brain and some endocrine tissues.
Neuronal role of parvalbumin
Parvalbumin is present in GABAergic interneurons in the nervous system, predominantly expressed by chandelier and basket cells in the cortex. In the hippocampus, PV+ interneurons are subdivided into basket, axo-axonic, bistratified, and oriens-lacunosum moleculare (O-LM) cells, each subtype targeting distinct domains of pyramidal cells.[1] Parvalbumin (PV) interneurons' connections are mostly perisomatic (around the cell body of neurons). Most of the PV interneurons are fast-spiking. They are also thought to give rise to gamma waves recorded in EEG.
PV-expressing interneurons represent approximately 25% of GABA cells in the primate DLPFC.[1][1] Other calcium-binding protein markers are calretinin (most abundant subtype in DLPFC, about 50%) and calbindin. Interneurons are also divided into subgroups by the expression of neuropeptides (somatostatin, neuropeptide Y, cholecystokinin).
Role in pathology
Decreased PV and GAD67 expression was found in PV+ GABAergic interneurons in schizophrenia.[1]
PV has been identified as an allergen causing seafood allergy.[1]
References
External links
Proteins: albumin | |
|---|---|
| Egg white (albumEn) | Conalbumin - Ovalbumin - Avidin |
| Serum albumin | Human serum albumin - Bovine serum albumin - Prealbumin |
| Other | C-reactive protein - Lactalbumin - Parvalbumin - Ricin |
Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content
Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
