Albumin

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Albumin (Latin: albus, white) refers generally to any protein with water solubility, which is moderately soluble in concentrated salt solutions, and experiences heat coagulation (protein denaturation). Substances containing albumin, such as egg white, are called albuminoids.

Types

Serum albumin

The most well-known type of albumin is the serum albumin in the blood.

Serum albumin is the most abundant blood plasma protein and is produced in the liver and forms a large proportion of all plasma protein. The human version is human serum albumin, and it normally constitutes about 60% of human plasma protein; all other proteins present in blood plasma are referred to collectively as globulins.

Serum albumins are important in regulating blood volume by maintaining the osmotic pressure of the blood compartment. They also serve as carriers for molecules of low water solubility, including lipid soluble hormones, bilirubin, free fatty acids (apoprotein), calcium, iron (transferrin), and some drugs. Competition for albumin binding sites between drugs may cause drug interaction by increasing the free fraction so that enhanced potency.

Specific types include:

• human serum albumin
• bovine serum albumin (cattle serum albumin) or BSA, often used in medical and molecular biology labs.

Low albumin (hypoalbuminaemia) may be caused by liver disease, nephrotic syndrome, burns, protein-losing enteropathy, malabsorption, malnutrition, late pregnancy, artefact, posture, genetic variations and malignancy. High albumin is either caused by dehydration or artefact.

Other types

Other types include the storage protein ovalbumin in egg white, and different storage albumins in the seeds of some plants. Note that albumin is spelled with an "i" while "albumen" with an "e" is the white of an egg, the part of the egg from which meringues are made. "Albus" in Latin is white.

External links

• MeSH Albumins

See also

• Cohn process (human serum albumin purification method)

v • d • e Proteins: albumin
Egg white (albumEn)	Conalbumin - Ovalbumin - Avidin
Serum albumin	Human serum albumin - Bovine serum albumin - Prealbumin
Other	C-reactive protein - Lactalbumin - Parvalbumin - Ricin

bg:Албумин lt:Albuminas mk:Албумин nl:Albumine sl:Albumin ta:வெண்ணி (புரதம்)

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Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content

Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .