Sacrococcygeal teratoma echocardiography or ultrasound: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Ultrasound is used to diagnose sacrococcygeal teratoma in second trimester.<ref name = "us">{{cite journal |vauthors=Wilson RD, Hedrick H, Flake AW, Johnson MP, Bebbington MW, Mann S, Rychik J, Liechty K, Adzick NS |title=Sacrococcygeal teratomas: prenatal surveillance, growth and pregnancy outcome |journal=Fetal. Diagn. Ther. |volume=25 |issue=1 |pages=15–20 |year=2009 |pmid= |doi=10.1159/000188056 |url=}}</ref> Mature sacrococcygeal teratomas tend to be cystic, showing [[anechoic]] component. Immature sacrococcygeal teratomas are much rare and solid type, showing [[echogenic]] mass within the pelvis.<ref>http://radiopaedia.org/articles/sacrococcygeal-teratoma</ref> Echocardiography identifies high output cardiac state preceding hydrops fetalis.<ref name = "echo">{{cite journal |vauthors=Adzick NS |title=Open fetal surgery for life-threatening fetal anomalies |journal=Semin Fetal Neonatal Med |volume=15 |issue=1 |pages=1–8 |year=2010 |pmid=19540178 |doi=10.1016/j.siny.2009.05.003 |url=}}</ref> | Ultrasound is used to diagnose sacrococcygeal teratoma in second trimester.<ref name = "us">{{cite journal |vauthors=Wilson RD, Hedrick H, Flake AW, Johnson MP, Bebbington MW, Mann S, Rychik J, Liechty K, Adzick NS |title=Sacrococcygeal teratomas: prenatal surveillance, growth and pregnancy outcome |journal=Fetal. Diagn. Ther. |volume=25 |issue=1 |pages=15–20 |year=2009 |pmid= |doi=10.1159/000188056 |url=}}</ref> Mature sacrococcygeal teratomas tend to be cystic, showing [[anechoic]] component. Immature sacrococcygeal teratomas are much rare and solid type, showing [[echogenic]] mass within the pelvis.<ref name = usg> Sacrococcygeal teratoma. Radiopedia (2015) http://radiopaedia.org/articles/sacrococcygeal-teratoma Accessed on December 15th, 2015</ref> Echocardiography identifies high output cardiac state preceding hydrops fetalis.<ref name = "echo">{{cite journal |vauthors=Adzick NS |title=Open fetal surgery for life-threatening fetal anomalies |journal=Semin Fetal Neonatal Med |volume=15 |issue=1 |pages=1–8 |year=2010 |pmid=19540178 |doi=10.1016/j.siny.2009.05.003 |url=}}</ref> | ||
==Key Ultrasound Findings in Sacrococcygeal Teratoma== | ==Key Ultrasound Findings in Sacrococcygeal Teratoma== | ||
*[[Prenatal]] [[ultrasound]], is used in second trimester.<ref name = "us">{{cite journal |vauthors=Wilson RD, Hedrick H, Flake AW, Johnson MP, Bebbington MW, Mann S, Rychik J, Liechty K, Adzick NS |title=Sacrococcygeal teratomas: prenatal surveillance, growth and pregnancy outcome |journal=Fetal. Diagn. Ther. |volume=25 |issue=1 |pages=15–20 |year=2009 |pmid= |doi=10.1159/000188056 |url=}}</ref> | *[[Prenatal]] [[ultrasound]], is used in second trimester.<ref name = "us">{{cite journal |vauthors=Wilson RD, Hedrick H, Flake AW, Johnson MP, Bebbington MW, Mann S, Rychik J, Liechty K, Adzick NS |title=Sacrococcygeal teratomas: prenatal surveillance, growth and pregnancy outcome |journal=Fetal. Diagn. Ther. |volume=25 |issue=1 |pages=15–20 |year=2009 |pmid= |doi=10.1159/000188056 |url=}}</ref> | ||
*Sacrococcygeal teratoma presents as a mass near the distal spine. | *Sacrococcygeal teratoma presents as a mass near the distal spine. | ||
*Sacrococcygeal teratoma having an external component may appear as a fluid-filled cyst or a solid mass sticking out from the body of the fetus.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sacrococcygeal_teratoma#Diagnosis</ref> | *Sacrococcygeal teratoma having an external component may appear as a fluid-filled cyst or a solid mass sticking out from the body of the fetus.<ref name = dd> Sacrococcygeal teratoma. Wikipedia (2015) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sacrococcygeal_teratoma#Diagnosis Accessed on December 15th, 2015</ref> | ||
*Sonography may show tumor growth obstructing the bladder outlet and causing [[hydronephrosis]]. | *Sonography may show tumor growth obstructing the bladder outlet and causing [[hydronephrosis]]. | ||
*Prenatally diagnosed sacrococcygeal teratomas are mostly Altman I or II. | *Prenatally diagnosed sacrococcygeal teratomas are mostly Altman I or II. | ||
Revision as of 17:07, 28 December 2015
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mirdula Sharma, MBBS [2]
Overview
Ultrasound is used to diagnose sacrococcygeal teratoma in second trimester.[1] Mature sacrococcygeal teratomas tend to be cystic, showing anechoic component. Immature sacrococcygeal teratomas are much rare and solid type, showing echogenic mass within the pelvis.[2] Echocardiography identifies high output cardiac state preceding hydrops fetalis.[3]
Key Ultrasound Findings in Sacrococcygeal Teratoma
- Prenatal ultrasound, is used in second trimester.[1]
- Sacrococcygeal teratoma presents as a mass near the distal spine.
- Sacrococcygeal teratoma having an external component may appear as a fluid-filled cyst or a solid mass sticking out from the body of the fetus.[4]
- Sonography may show tumor growth obstructing the bladder outlet and causing hydronephrosis.
- Prenatally diagnosed sacrococcygeal teratomas are mostly Altman I or II.
- Serial ultrasound evaluation of fetus, placenta and tumor is recommended to follow up on size and solid proportion of the tumor.
Key Echocardiography Findings in Sacrococcygeal Teratoma
- Fetal echocardiography is recommended in patients with solid or vascular tumors.[3]
- Echocardiography identifies high output cardiac state preceding hydrops fetalis.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Wilson RD, Hedrick H, Flake AW, Johnson MP, Bebbington MW, Mann S, Rychik J, Liechty K, Adzick NS (2009). "Sacrococcygeal teratomas: prenatal surveillance, growth and pregnancy outcome". Fetal. Diagn. Ther. 25 (1): 15–20. doi:10.1159/000188056.
- ↑ Sacrococcygeal teratoma. Radiopedia (2015) http://radiopaedia.org/articles/sacrococcygeal-teratoma Accessed on December 15th, 2015
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Adzick NS (2010). "Open fetal surgery for life-threatening fetal anomalies". Semin Fetal Neonatal Med. 15 (1): 1–8. doi:10.1016/j.siny.2009.05.003. PMID 19540178.
- ↑ Sacrococcygeal teratoma. Wikipedia (2015) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sacrococcygeal_teratoma#Diagnosis Accessed on December 15th, 2015