Polycystic kidney disease overview: Difference between revisions

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Revision as of 13:24, 20 August 2012

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2]

Overview

Polycystic kidney disease is a progressive, genetic disorder of the kidneys. It occurs in humans and other organisms. PKD is characterized by the presence of multiple cysts (hence, "polycystic") in both kidneys. The disease can also damage the liver, pancreas, and rarely, the heart and brain. The two major forms of polycystic kidney disease are distinguished by their patterns of inheritance.

References

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 ==Overview==
 '''Polycystic kidney disease''' is a progressive, [[genetic disorder]] of the [[kidney]]s.  It occurs in [[human]]s and other [[organism]]s. PKD is characterized by the presence of multiple [[cyst]]s (hence, "polycystic") in both [[kidney]]s. The disease can also damage the [[liver]], [[pancreas]], and rarely, the [[heart]] and [[brain]]. The two major forms of polycystic kidney disease are distinguished by their patterns of inheritance.
-[[Autosomal dominant]] polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is generally a late-onset disorder characterized by progressive cyst development and bilaterally enlarged kidneys with multiple cysts. Kidney manifestations in this disorder include renal function abnormalities, [[hypertension]], renal [[pain]], and [[renal insufficiency]]. Approximately 50% of patients with ADPKD have [[end stage renal disease]] ([[ESRD]]) by the age of 60.  ADPKD is a systemic disease with cysts in other organs such as the [[liver]] (which may lead to [[cirrhosis]]), [[seminal vesicles]], pancreas, and [[arachnoid mater]] and non-cystic abnormalities such as intracranial [[aneurysms]] and [[dolichoectasias]], dilatation of the [[aortic]] root and dissection of the [[thoracic aorta]], [[mitral valve prolapse]], and abdominal wall hernias.
-Initial simian and human [[symptom]]s are [[hypertension]], [[Fatigue (physical)|fatigue]], and mild to severe back or flank pain and [[urinary tract infection]]s. The disease often leads to [[chronic renal failure]] and may result in total loss of kidney function, known as [[end stage renal disease]] ([[ESRD]]), which requires some form of [[renal replacement therapy]] (e.g. [[dialysis]]).
-[[Autosomal recessive]] polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD) is much rarer than ADPKD and is often fatal in utero or during the first month of life. The signs and symptoms of the condition are usually apparent at birth or in early infancy.
 ==References==

Polycystic kidney disease overview: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 13:24, 20 August 2012

Overview

References

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